Effects of Ceftiofur and Chlortetracycline Treatment Strategies on Antimicrobial Susceptibility and on tet(A), tet(B), and blaCMY-2 Resistance Genes among E. coli Isolated from the Feces of Feedlot Cattle
A randomized controlled field trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of two sets of treatment strategies on ceftiofur and tetracycline resistance in feedlot cattle. The strategies consisted of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid (CCFA) administered to either one or all of the steers within a pen, f...
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| creator | Kanwar, Neena Scott, H. Morgan Norby, Bo Loneragan, Guy H. Vinasco, Javier McGowan, Matthew Cottell, Jennifer L. Chengappa, Muckatira M. Bai, Jianfa Boerlin, Patrick |
| description | A randomized controlled field trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of two sets of treatment strategies on ceftiofur and tetracycline resistance in feedlot cattle. The strategies consisted of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid (CCFA) administered to either one or all of the steers within a pen, followed by feeding or not feeding a therapeutic dose of chlortetracycline (CTC). Eighty-eight steers were randomly allocated to eight pens of 11 steers each. Both treatment regimens were randomly assigned to the pens in a two-way full factorial design. Non-type-specific (NTS) E. coli (n = 1,050) were isolated from fecal samples gathered on Days 0, 4, 12, and 26. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were determined using a microbroth dilution technique. PCR was used to detect tet(A), tet(B), and blaCMY-2 genes within each isolate. Chlortetracycline administration greatly exacerbated the already increased levels of both phenotypic and genotypic ceftiofur resistance conferred by prior CCFA treatment (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0080575 |
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Morgan ; Norby, Bo ; Loneragan, Guy H. ; Vinasco, Javier ; McGowan, Matthew ; Cottell, Jennifer L. ; Chengappa, Muckatira M. ; Bai, Jianfa ; Boerlin, Patrick</creator><contributor>Schuch, Raymond</contributor><creatorcontrib>Kanwar, Neena ; Scott, H. Morgan ; Norby, Bo ; Loneragan, Guy H. ; Vinasco, Javier ; McGowan, Matthew ; Cottell, Jennifer L. ; Chengappa, Muckatira M. ; Bai, Jianfa ; Boerlin, Patrick ; Schuch, Raymond</creatorcontrib><description>A randomized controlled field trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of two sets of treatment strategies on ceftiofur and tetracycline resistance in feedlot cattle. The strategies consisted of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid (CCFA) administered to either one or all of the steers within a pen, followed by feeding or not feeding a therapeutic dose of chlortetracycline (CTC). Eighty-eight steers were randomly allocated to eight pens of 11 steers each. Both treatment regimens were randomly assigned to the pens in a two-way full factorial design. Non-type-specific (NTS) E. coli (n = 1,050) were isolated from fecal samples gathered on Days 0, 4, 12, and 26. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were determined using a microbroth dilution technique. PCR was used to detect tet(A), tet(B), and blaCMY-2 genes within each isolate. Chlortetracycline administration greatly exacerbated the already increased levels of both phenotypic and genotypic ceftiofur resistance conferred by prior CCFA treatment (P<0.05). The four treatment regimens also influenced the phenotypic multidrug resistance count of NTS E. coli populations. Chlortetracycline treatment alone was associated with an increased probability of selecting isolates that harbored tet(B) versus tet(A) (P<0.05); meanwhile, there was an inverse association between finding tet(A) versus tet(B) genes for any given regimen (P<0.05). The presence of a tet(A) gene was associated with an isolate exhibiting reduced phenotypic susceptibility to a higher median number of antimicrobials (n = 289, median = 6; 95% CI = 4–8) compared with the tet(B) gene (n = 208, median = 3; 95% CI = 3–4). Results indicate that CTC can exacerbate ceftiofur resistance following CCFA therapy and therefore should be avoided, especially when considering their use in sequence. Further studies are required to establish the animal-level effects of co-housing antimicrobial-treated and non-treated animals together.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080575</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>San Francisco: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Antibiotics ; Antiinfectives and antibacterials ; Antimicrobial agents ; Bacteria ; Bovidae ; Brachyspira ; Cattle ; Chemotherapy ; Chlortetracycline ; Dilution ; Drug resistance ; E coli ; Enterococcus faecium ; Escherichia coli ; Factorial design ; Factory farming ; Farms ; Feeding ; Feedlots ; Feeds ; Food ; Genes ; Housing ; Multidrug resistance ; Pens ; Public health ; Studies ; Survival analysis ; Veterinary colleges ; Veterinary medicine</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2013-11, Vol.8 (11), p.e80575</ispartof><rights>2013 Kanwar et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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Morgan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Norby, Bo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loneragan, Guy H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vinasco, Javier</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McGowan, Matthew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cottell, Jennifer L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chengappa, Muckatira M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bai, Jianfa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boerlin, Patrick</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of Ceftiofur and Chlortetracycline Treatment Strategies on Antimicrobial Susceptibility and on tet(A), tet(B), and blaCMY-2 Resistance Genes among E. coli Isolated from the Feces of Feedlot Cattle</title><title>PloS one</title><description>A randomized controlled field trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of two sets of treatment strategies on ceftiofur and tetracycline resistance in feedlot cattle. The strategies consisted of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid (CCFA) administered to either one or all of the steers within a pen, followed by feeding or not feeding a therapeutic dose of chlortetracycline (CTC). Eighty-eight steers were randomly allocated to eight pens of 11 steers each. Both treatment regimens were randomly assigned to the pens in a two-way full factorial design. Non-type-specific (NTS) E. coli (n = 1,050) were isolated from fecal samples gathered on Days 0, 4, 12, and 26. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were determined using a microbroth dilution technique. PCR was used to detect tet(A), tet(B), and blaCMY-2 genes within each isolate. Chlortetracycline administration greatly exacerbated the already increased levels of both phenotypic and genotypic ceftiofur resistance conferred by prior CCFA treatment (P<0.05). The four treatment regimens also influenced the phenotypic multidrug resistance count of NTS E. coli populations. Chlortetracycline treatment alone was associated with an increased probability of selecting isolates that harbored tet(B) versus tet(A) (P<0.05); meanwhile, there was an inverse association between finding tet(A) versus tet(B) genes for any given regimen (P<0.05). The presence of a tet(A) gene was associated with an isolate exhibiting reduced phenotypic susceptibility to a higher median number of antimicrobials (n = 289, median = 6; 95% CI = 4–8) compared with the tet(B) gene (n = 208, median = 3; 95% CI = 3–4). Results indicate that CTC can exacerbate ceftiofur resistance following CCFA therapy and therefore should be avoided, especially when considering their use in sequence. 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Morgan</au><au>Norby, Bo</au><au>Loneragan, Guy H.</au><au>Vinasco, Javier</au><au>McGowan, Matthew</au><au>Cottell, Jennifer L.</au><au>Chengappa, Muckatira M.</au><au>Bai, Jianfa</au><au>Boerlin, Patrick</au><au>Schuch, Raymond</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of Ceftiofur and Chlortetracycline Treatment Strategies on Antimicrobial Susceptibility and on tet(A), tet(B), and blaCMY-2 Resistance Genes among E. coli Isolated from the Feces of Feedlot Cattle</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><date>2013-11-19</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>e80575</spage><pages>e80575-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>A randomized controlled field trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of two sets of treatment strategies on ceftiofur and tetracycline resistance in feedlot cattle. The strategies consisted of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid (CCFA) administered to either one or all of the steers within a pen, followed by feeding or not feeding a therapeutic dose of chlortetracycline (CTC). Eighty-eight steers were randomly allocated to eight pens of 11 steers each. Both treatment regimens were randomly assigned to the pens in a two-way full factorial design. Non-type-specific (NTS) E. coli (n = 1,050) were isolated from fecal samples gathered on Days 0, 4, 12, and 26. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were determined using a microbroth dilution technique. PCR was used to detect tet(A), tet(B), and blaCMY-2 genes within each isolate. Chlortetracycline administration greatly exacerbated the already increased levels of both phenotypic and genotypic ceftiofur resistance conferred by prior CCFA treatment (P<0.05). The four treatment regimens also influenced the phenotypic multidrug resistance count of NTS E. coli populations. Chlortetracycline treatment alone was associated with an increased probability of selecting isolates that harbored tet(B) versus tet(A) (P<0.05); meanwhile, there was an inverse association between finding tet(A) versus tet(B) genes for any given regimen (P<0.05). The presence of a tet(A) gene was associated with an isolate exhibiting reduced phenotypic susceptibility to a higher median number of antimicrobials (n = 289, median = 6; 95% CI = 4–8) compared with the tet(B) gene (n = 208, median = 3; 95% CI = 3–4). Results indicate that CTC can exacerbate ceftiofur resistance following CCFA therapy and therefore should be avoided, especially when considering their use in sequence. Further studies are required to establish the animal-level effects of co-housing antimicrobial-treated and non-treated animals together.</abstract><cop>San Francisco</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0080575</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Antibiotics Antiinfectives and antibacterials Antimicrobial agents Bacteria Bovidae Brachyspira Cattle Chemotherapy Chlortetracycline Dilution Drug resistance E coli Enterococcus faecium Escherichia coli Factorial design Factory farming Farms Feeding Feedlots Feeds Food Genes Housing Multidrug resistance Pens Public health Studies Survival analysis Veterinary colleges Veterinary medicine |
| title | Effects of Ceftiofur and Chlortetracycline Treatment Strategies on Antimicrobial Susceptibility and on tet(A), tet(B), and blaCMY-2 Resistance Genes among E. coli Isolated from the Feces of Feedlot Cattle |
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