Individual variation in lipidomic profiles of healthy subjects in response to omega-3 Fatty acids
Conflicting findings in both interventional and observational studies have resulted in a lack of consensus on the benefits of ω3 fatty acids in reducing disease risk. This may be due to individual variability in response. We used a multi-platform lipidomic approach to investigate both the consistent...
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| description | Conflicting findings in both interventional and observational studies have resulted in a lack of consensus on the benefits of ω3 fatty acids in reducing disease risk. This may be due to individual variability in response. We used a multi-platform lipidomic approach to investigate both the consistent and inconsistent responses of individuals comprehensively to a defined ω3 intervention.
The lipidomic profile including fatty acids, lipid classes, lipoprotein distribution, and oxylipins was examined multi- and uni-variately in 12 healthy subjects pre vs. post six weeks of ω3 fatty acids (1.9 g/d eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and 1.5 g/d docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]).
Total lipidomic and oxylipin profiles were significantly different pre vs. post treatment across all subjects (p=0.00007 and p=0.00002 respectively). There was a strong correlation between oxylipin profiles and EPA and DHA incorporated into different lipid classes (r(2)=0.93). However, strikingly divergent responses among individuals were also observed. Both ω3 and ω6 fatty acid metabolites displayed a large degree of variation among the subjects. For example, in half of the subjects, two arachidonic acid cyclooxygenase products, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2), and a lipoxygenase product, 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) significantly decreased post intervention, whereas in the other half they either did not change or increased. The EPA lipoxygenase metabolite 12-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (12-HEPE) varied among subjects from an 82% decrease to a 5,000% increase.
Our results show that certain defined responses to ω3 fatty acid intervention were consistent across all subjects. However, there was also a high degree of inter-individual variability in certain aspects of lipid metabolism. This lipidomic based phenotyping approach demonstrated that individual responsiveness to ω3 fatty acids is highly variable and measurable, and could be used as a means to assess the effectiveness of ω3 interventions in modifying disease risk and determining metabolic phenotype. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0076575 |
| format | Article |
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The lipidomic profile including fatty acids, lipid classes, lipoprotein distribution, and oxylipins was examined multi- and uni-variately in 12 healthy subjects pre vs. post six weeks of ω3 fatty acids (1.9 g/d eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and 1.5 g/d docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]).
Total lipidomic and oxylipin profiles were significantly different pre vs. post treatment across all subjects (p=0.00007 and p=0.00002 respectively). There was a strong correlation between oxylipin profiles and EPA and DHA incorporated into different lipid classes (r(2)=0.93). However, strikingly divergent responses among individuals were also observed. Both ω3 and ω6 fatty acid metabolites displayed a large degree of variation among the subjects. For example, in half of the subjects, two arachidonic acid cyclooxygenase products, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2), and a lipoxygenase product, 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) significantly decreased post intervention, whereas in the other half they either did not change or increased. The EPA lipoxygenase metabolite 12-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (12-HEPE) varied among subjects from an 82% decrease to a 5,000% increase.
Our results show that certain defined responses to ω3 fatty acid intervention were consistent across all subjects. However, there was also a high degree of inter-individual variability in certain aspects of lipid metabolism. This lipidomic based phenotyping approach demonstrated that individual responsiveness to ω3 fatty acids is highly variable and measurable, and could be used as a means to assess the effectiveness of ω3 interventions in modifying disease risk and determining metabolic phenotype.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076575</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24204640</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Arachidonic acid ; Cardiovascular disease ; Chronic illnesses ; Dietary Supplements ; Docosahexaenoic acid ; Eicosapentaenoic acid ; Fatty acids ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - administration & dosage ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - metabolism ; Female ; Fish oils ; Health risks ; Heart ; Humans ; Intervention ; Life sciences ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipids ; Lipids - blood ; Lipoproteins ; Lipoproteins - blood ; Lipoxygenase ; Male ; Metabolism ; Metabolites ; Metabolomics ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition research ; Observational studies ; Omega-3 fatty acids ; Oxylipins - blood ; Phenotyping ; Pilot Projects ; Plasma ; Prostaglandin E2 ; Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase ; Risk Factors ; Triglycerides ; Variability ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2013-10, Vol.8 (10), p.e76575-e76575</ispartof><rights>2013 Nording et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2013 Nording et al 2013 Nording et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c563t-fe2df6798ae94d5af856ded145e3c3360bbb8774278ffbec0eacfcf9dc86e2823</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c563t-fe2df6798ae94d5af856ded145e3c3360bbb8774278ffbec0eacfcf9dc86e2823</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3811983/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3811983/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,551,724,777,781,861,882,2096,2915,23847,27905,27906,53772,53774,79349,79350</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24204640$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-83762$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Nie, Daotai</contributor><creatorcontrib>Nording, Malin L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Georgi, Katrin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hegedus Karbowski, Christine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>German, J Bruce</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weiss, Robert H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hogg, Ronald J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trygg, Johan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hammock, Bruce D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zivkovic, Angela M</creatorcontrib><title>Individual variation in lipidomic profiles of healthy subjects in response to omega-3 Fatty acids</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Conflicting findings in both interventional and observational studies have resulted in a lack of consensus on the benefits of ω3 fatty acids in reducing disease risk. This may be due to individual variability in response. We used a multi-platform lipidomic approach to investigate both the consistent and inconsistent responses of individuals comprehensively to a defined ω3 intervention.
The lipidomic profile including fatty acids, lipid classes, lipoprotein distribution, and oxylipins was examined multi- and uni-variately in 12 healthy subjects pre vs. post six weeks of ω3 fatty acids (1.9 g/d eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and 1.5 g/d docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]).
Total lipidomic and oxylipin profiles were significantly different pre vs. post treatment across all subjects (p=0.00007 and p=0.00002 respectively). There was a strong correlation between oxylipin profiles and EPA and DHA incorporated into different lipid classes (r(2)=0.93). However, strikingly divergent responses among individuals were also observed. Both ω3 and ω6 fatty acid metabolites displayed a large degree of variation among the subjects. For example, in half of the subjects, two arachidonic acid cyclooxygenase products, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2), and a lipoxygenase product, 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) significantly decreased post intervention, whereas in the other half they either did not change or increased. The EPA lipoxygenase metabolite 12-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (12-HEPE) varied among subjects from an 82% decrease to a 5,000% increase.
Our results show that certain defined responses to ω3 fatty acid intervention were consistent across all subjects. However, there was also a high degree of inter-individual variability in certain aspects of lipid metabolism. This lipidomic based phenotyping approach demonstrated that individual responsiveness to ω3 fatty acids is highly variable and measurable, and could be used as a means to assess the effectiveness of ω3 interventions in modifying disease risk and determining metabolic phenotype.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Arachidonic acid</subject><subject>Cardiovascular disease</subject><subject>Chronic illnesses</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements</subject><subject>Docosahexaenoic acid</subject><subject>Eicosapentaenoic acid</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - metabolism</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fish oils</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intervention</subject><subject>Life sciences</subject><subject>Lipid Metabolism</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Lipids - blood</subject><subject>Lipoproteins</subject><subject>Lipoproteins - blood</subject><subject>Lipoxygenase</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Metabolomics</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nutrition research</subject><subject>Observational studies</subject><subject>Omega-3 fatty acids</subject><subject>Oxylipins - blood</subject><subject>Phenotyping</subject><subject>Pilot Projects</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Prostaglandin E2</subject><subject>Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Triglycerides</subject><subject>Variability</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>D8T</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptkktvEzEUhUcIREvhHyAYiQ0LEvwYP2aDVBUKkSqxAbaWH9eJI894sGeC8u_Jq1WDWNmyz_nuQ6eqXmM0x1Tgj-s05V7H-ZB6mCMkOBPsSXWJW0pmnCD69NH9onpRyhohRiXnz6sL0hDU8AZdVnrRu7AJbtKx3ugc9BhSX4e-jmEILnXB1kNOPkQodfL1CnQcV9u6TGYNdix7ZYay66FAPaY6dbDUM1rf6nHc1toGV15Wz7yOBV6dzqvq5-2XHzffZnffvy5uru9mlnE6zjwQ57lopYa2cUx7ybgDhxsG1FLKkTFGCtEQIb03YBFo661vnZUciCT0qnp75A4xFXXaTlG4aZhssWB7xeKocEmv1ZBDp_NWJR3U4SHlpdJ5DDaCYpxYyqhmwHhjgGhjOTGGUSKol5jvWB-OrPIHhsmc0T6HX9cH2tRNSlLB96U_nZqbTAfOQj9mHc9c5z99WKll2igqMW4l3QHenwA5_Z6gjKoLxUKMuoc0HcZsBZdMsp303T_S_y-jOapsTqVk8A_NYKT2Abt3qX3A1ClgO9ubx4M8mO4TRf8CRq7Q8g</recordid><startdate>20131024</startdate><enddate>20131024</enddate><creator>Nording, Malin L</creator><creator>Yang, Jun</creator><creator>Georgi, Katrin</creator><creator>Hegedus Karbowski, Christine</creator><creator>German, J Bruce</creator><creator>Weiss, Robert H</creator><creator>Hogg, Ronald J</creator><creator>Trygg, Johan</creator><creator>Hammock, Bruce D</creator><creator>Zivkovic, Angela M</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>ADHXS</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope><scope>D8T</scope><scope>D93</scope><scope>ZZAVC</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20131024</creationdate><title>Individual variation in lipidomic profiles of healthy subjects in response to omega-3 Fatty acids</title><author>Nording, Malin L ; Yang, Jun ; Georgi, Katrin ; Hegedus Karbowski, Christine ; German, J Bruce ; Weiss, Robert H ; Hogg, Ronald J ; Trygg, Johan ; Hammock, Bruce D ; Zivkovic, Angela M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c563t-fe2df6798ae94d5af856ded145e3c3360bbb8774278ffbec0eacfcf9dc86e2823</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Arachidonic acid</topic><topic>Cardiovascular disease</topic><topic>Chronic illnesses</topic><topic>Dietary Supplements</topic><topic>Docosahexaenoic acid</topic><topic>Eicosapentaenoic acid</topic><topic>Fatty acids</topic><topic>Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - metabolism</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fish oils</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Heart</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Intervention</topic><topic>Life sciences</topic><topic>Lipid Metabolism</topic><topic>Lipids</topic><topic>Lipids - blood</topic><topic>Lipoproteins</topic><topic>Lipoproteins - blood</topic><topic>Lipoxygenase</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Metabolomics</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nutrition research</topic><topic>Observational studies</topic><topic>Omega-3 fatty acids</topic><topic>Oxylipins - blood</topic><topic>Phenotyping</topic><topic>Pilot Projects</topic><topic>Plasma</topic><topic>Prostaglandin E2</topic><topic>Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Triglycerides</topic><topic>Variability</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Nording, Malin L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Georgi, Katrin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hegedus Karbowski, Christine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>German, J Bruce</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weiss, Robert H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hogg, Ronald J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trygg, Johan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hammock, Bruce D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zivkovic, Angela M</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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This may be due to individual variability in response. We used a multi-platform lipidomic approach to investigate both the consistent and inconsistent responses of individuals comprehensively to a defined ω3 intervention.
The lipidomic profile including fatty acids, lipid classes, lipoprotein distribution, and oxylipins was examined multi- and uni-variately in 12 healthy subjects pre vs. post six weeks of ω3 fatty acids (1.9 g/d eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and 1.5 g/d docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]).
Total lipidomic and oxylipin profiles were significantly different pre vs. post treatment across all subjects (p=0.00007 and p=0.00002 respectively). There was a strong correlation between oxylipin profiles and EPA and DHA incorporated into different lipid classes (r(2)=0.93). However, strikingly divergent responses among individuals were also observed. Both ω3 and ω6 fatty acid metabolites displayed a large degree of variation among the subjects. For example, in half of the subjects, two arachidonic acid cyclooxygenase products, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2), and a lipoxygenase product, 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) significantly decreased post intervention, whereas in the other half they either did not change or increased. The EPA lipoxygenase metabolite 12-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (12-HEPE) varied among subjects from an 82% decrease to a 5,000% increase.
Our results show that certain defined responses to ω3 fatty acid intervention were consistent across all subjects. However, there was also a high degree of inter-individual variability in certain aspects of lipid metabolism. This lipidomic based phenotyping approach demonstrated that individual responsiveness to ω3 fatty acids is highly variable and measurable, and could be used as a means to assess the effectiveness of ω3 interventions in modifying disease risk and determining metabolic phenotype.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>24204640</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0076575</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1445891752 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; SWEPUB Freely available online; Public Library of Science (PLoS); PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adult Arachidonic acid Cardiovascular disease Chronic illnesses Dietary Supplements Docosahexaenoic acid Eicosapentaenoic acid Fatty acids Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - administration & dosage Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - metabolism Female Fish oils Health risks Heart Humans Intervention Life sciences Lipid Metabolism Lipids Lipids - blood Lipoproteins Lipoproteins - blood Lipoxygenase Male Metabolism Metabolites Metabolomics Middle Aged Nutrition research Observational studies Omega-3 fatty acids Oxylipins - blood Phenotyping Pilot Projects Plasma Prostaglandin E2 Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase Risk Factors Triglycerides Variability Young Adult |
| title | Individual variation in lipidomic profiles of healthy subjects in response to omega-3 Fatty acids |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-18T05%3A50%3A39IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Individual%20variation%20in%20lipidomic%20profiles%20of%20healthy%20subjects%20in%20response%20to%20omega-3%20Fatty%20acids&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Nording,%20Malin%20L&rft.date=2013-10-24&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=e76575&rft.epage=e76575&rft.pages=e76575-e76575&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0076575&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_plos_%3E3110530821%3C/proquest_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1445891752&rft_id=info:pmid/24204640&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_562c353a5e564be2abc62bb53273f816&rfr_iscdi=true |