Abundance and survival of Pacific humpback whales in a proposed critical habitat area
Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) were hunted commercially in Canada's Pacific region until 1966. Depleted to an estimated 1,400 individuals throughout the North Pacific, humpback whales are listed as Threatened under Canada's Species at Risk Act (SARA) and Endangered under the US E...
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| description | Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) were hunted commercially in Canada's Pacific region until 1966. Depleted to an estimated 1,400 individuals throughout the North Pacific, humpback whales are listed as Threatened under Canada's Species at Risk Act (SARA) and Endangered under the US Endangered Species Act. We conducted an 8-year photo-identification study to monitor humpback whale usage of a coastal fjord system in British Columbia (BC), Canada that was recently proposed as candidate critical habitat for the species under SARA. This participatory research program built collaborations among First Nations, environmental non-governmental organizations and academics. The study site, including the territorial waters of Gitga'at First Nation, is an important summertime feeding destination for migratory humpback whales, but is small relative to the population's range. We estimated abundance and survivorship using mark-recapture methods using photographs of naturally marked individuals. Abundance of humpback whales in the region was large, relative to the site's size, and generally increased throughout the study period. The resulting estimate of adult survivorship (0.979, 95% CI: 0.914, 0.995) is at the high end of previously reported estimates. A high rate of resights provides new evidence for inter-annual site fidelity to these local waters. Habitat characteristics of our study area are considered ecologically significant and unique, and this should be considered as regulatory agencies consider proposals for high-volume crude oil and liquefied natural gas tanker traffic through the area. Monitoring population recovery of a highly mobile, migratory species is daunting for low-cost, community-led science. Focusing on a small, important subset of the animals' range can make this challenge more tractable. Given low statistical power and high variability, our community is considering simpler ecological indicators of population health, such as the number of individuals harmed or killed each year by human activities, including ship strikes and entanglement in fishing gear. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0075228 |
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Depleted to an estimated 1,400 individuals throughout the North Pacific, humpback whales are listed as Threatened under Canada's Species at Risk Act (SARA) and Endangered under the US Endangered Species Act. We conducted an 8-year photo-identification study to monitor humpback whale usage of a coastal fjord system in British Columbia (BC), Canada that was recently proposed as candidate critical habitat for the species under SARA. This participatory research program built collaborations among First Nations, environmental non-governmental organizations and academics. The study site, including the territorial waters of Gitga'at First Nation, is an important summertime feeding destination for migratory humpback whales, but is small relative to the population's range. We estimated abundance and survivorship using mark-recapture methods using photographs of naturally marked individuals. Abundance of humpback whales in the region was large, relative to the site's size, and generally increased throughout the study period. The resulting estimate of adult survivorship (0.979, 95% CI: 0.914, 0.995) is at the high end of previously reported estimates. A high rate of resights provides new evidence for inter-annual site fidelity to these local waters. Habitat characteristics of our study area are considered ecologically significant and unique, and this should be considered as regulatory agencies consider proposals for high-volume crude oil and liquefied natural gas tanker traffic through the area. Monitoring population recovery of a highly mobile, migratory species is daunting for low-cost, community-led science. Focusing on a small, important subset of the animals' range can make this challenge more tractable. Given low statistical power and high variability, our community is considering simpler ecological indicators of population health, such as the number of individuals harmed or killed each year by human activities, including ship strikes and entanglement in fishing gear.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075228</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24058666</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Abundance ; Animal behavior ; Animals ; Aquatic mammals ; British Columbia ; Canadian native peoples ; Cetacea ; Communities ; Crude oil ; Delphinidae ; Ecological monitoring ; Ecological Parameter Monitoring ; Ecosystem ; Endangered & extinct species ; Endangered species ; Entanglement ; Environmental monitoring ; Female ; Fishing ; Fishing gear ; Fjords ; Habitats ; Humans ; Humpback Whale - physiology ; Independent regulatory commissions ; Liquefied natural gas ; Male ; Marine ; Marine mammals ; Megaptera ; Megaptera novaeangliae ; Migratory species ; Natural gas ; NGOs ; Non-governmental organizations ; Nongovernmental organizations ; Population (statistical) ; Regulatory agencies ; Ships ; Site fidelity ; Survival ; Territorial waters ; Threatened species ; Whales ; Wildlife conservation</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2013-09, Vol.8 (9), p.e75228</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2013 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2013 Ashe et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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Depleted to an estimated 1,400 individuals throughout the North Pacific, humpback whales are listed as Threatened under Canada's Species at Risk Act (SARA) and Endangered under the US Endangered Species Act. We conducted an 8-year photo-identification study to monitor humpback whale usage of a coastal fjord system in British Columbia (BC), Canada that was recently proposed as candidate critical habitat for the species under SARA. This participatory research program built collaborations among First Nations, environmental non-governmental organizations and academics. The study site, including the territorial waters of Gitga'at First Nation, is an important summertime feeding destination for migratory humpback whales, but is small relative to the population's range. We estimated abundance and survivorship using mark-recapture methods using photographs of naturally marked individuals. Abundance of humpback whales in the region was large, relative to the site's size, and generally increased throughout the study period. The resulting estimate of adult survivorship (0.979, 95% CI: 0.914, 0.995) is at the high end of previously reported estimates. A high rate of resights provides new evidence for inter-annual site fidelity to these local waters. Habitat characteristics of our study area are considered ecologically significant and unique, and this should be considered as regulatory agencies consider proposals for high-volume crude oil and liquefied natural gas tanker traffic through the area. Monitoring population recovery of a highly mobile, migratory species is daunting for low-cost, community-led science. Focusing on a small, important subset of the animals' range can make this challenge more tractable. Given low statistical power and high variability, our community is considering simpler ecological indicators of population health, such as the number of individuals harmed or killed each year by human activities, including ship strikes and entanglement in fishing gear.</description><subject>Abundance</subject><subject>Animal behavior</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Aquatic mammals</subject><subject>British Columbia</subject><subject>Canadian native peoples</subject><subject>Cetacea</subject><subject>Communities</subject><subject>Crude oil</subject><subject>Delphinidae</subject><subject>Ecological monitoring</subject><subject>Ecological Parameter Monitoring</subject><subject>Ecosystem</subject><subject>Endangered & extinct species</subject><subject>Endangered species</subject><subject>Entanglement</subject><subject>Environmental monitoring</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fishing</subject><subject>Fishing gear</subject><subject>Fjords</subject><subject>Habitats</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Humpback Whale - physiology</subject><subject>Independent regulatory commissions</subject><subject>Liquefied natural gas</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Marine</subject><subject>Marine mammals</subject><subject>Megaptera</subject><subject>Megaptera novaeangliae</subject><subject>Migratory species</subject><subject>Natural gas</subject><subject>NGOs</subject><subject>Non-governmental organizations</subject><subject>Nongovernmental organizations</subject><subject>Population (statistical)</subject><subject>Regulatory agencies</subject><subject>Ships</subject><subject>Site fidelity</subject><subject>Survival</subject><subject>Territorial waters</subject><subject>Threatened species</subject><subject>Whales</subject><subject>Wildlife conservation</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkl2L1DAUhoso7rr6D0QLgujFjPlokvZGGBY_BhZW1PU2nHx0mrXT1KQd9d-bcbrLVPZCcpFw8pz3JOe8WfYUoyWmAr-59mPooF32vrNLhAQjpLyXneKKkgUniN4_Op9kj2K8RojRkvOH2QkpEEsnfppdrdTYGei0zaEzeRzDzu2gzX2dfwLtaqfzZtz2CvT3_GcDrY2563LI--B7H63JdXCD0ymjAeUGGHIIFh5nD2poo30y7WfZ1ft3X88_Li4uP6zPVxcLLQgbFswUUACzmmMuykILpY2gluLaVFrwFDEs3araYsTLmooSUUWFwlZZi1RFz7LnB92-9VFOHYkSF5RXnBecJmJ9IIyHa9kHt4XwW3pw8m_Ah42EkD7QWsmUEaXRjBdCFIiYSmlRU0ZKTCvFKE9ab6dqo9pao203BGhnovObzjVy43eSCkHSfJLAq0kg-B-jjYPcuqht20Jn_bh_NytTIYJRQl_8g979u4napMlI19U-1dV7UbkqREkJJnSvtbyDSsvYrdPJPrVL8VnC61lCYgb7a9jAGKNcf_n8_-zltzn78ohtLLRDE307Ds53cQ4WB1AHH2Ow9W2TMZJ79990Q-7dLyf3p7RnxwO6TbqxO_0D1U_-hA</recordid><startdate>20130911</startdate><enddate>20130911</enddate><creator>Ashe, Erin</creator><creator>Wray, Janie</creator><creator>Picard, Christopher R</creator><creator>Williams, Rob</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PHGZM</scope><scope>PHGZT</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PJZUB</scope><scope>PKEHL</scope><scope>PPXIY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQGLB</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>7U6</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130911</creationdate><title>Abundance and survival of Pacific humpback whales in a proposed critical habitat area</title><author>Ashe, Erin ; Wray, Janie ; Picard, Christopher R ; Williams, Rob</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c725t-5d4a4a5ec616784c7bcd73e31fd9c7684cd55ecbfe1068f37803b37b1ebee0b93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Abundance</topic><topic>Animal behavior</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Aquatic mammals</topic><topic>British Columbia</topic><topic>Canadian native peoples</topic><topic>Cetacea</topic><topic>Communities</topic><topic>Crude oil</topic><topic>Delphinidae</topic><topic>Ecological monitoring</topic><topic>Ecological Parameter Monitoring</topic><topic>Ecosystem</topic><topic>Endangered & extinct species</topic><topic>Endangered species</topic><topic>Entanglement</topic><topic>Environmental monitoring</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fishing</topic><topic>Fishing gear</topic><topic>Fjords</topic><topic>Habitats</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Humpback Whale - 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Depleted to an estimated 1,400 individuals throughout the North Pacific, humpback whales are listed as Threatened under Canada's Species at Risk Act (SARA) and Endangered under the US Endangered Species Act. We conducted an 8-year photo-identification study to monitor humpback whale usage of a coastal fjord system in British Columbia (BC), Canada that was recently proposed as candidate critical habitat for the species under SARA. This participatory research program built collaborations among First Nations, environmental non-governmental organizations and academics. The study site, including the territorial waters of Gitga'at First Nation, is an important summertime feeding destination for migratory humpback whales, but is small relative to the population's range. We estimated abundance and survivorship using mark-recapture methods using photographs of naturally marked individuals. Abundance of humpback whales in the region was large, relative to the site's size, and generally increased throughout the study period. The resulting estimate of adult survivorship (0.979, 95% CI: 0.914, 0.995) is at the high end of previously reported estimates. A high rate of resights provides new evidence for inter-annual site fidelity to these local waters. Habitat characteristics of our study area are considered ecologically significant and unique, and this should be considered as regulatory agencies consider proposals for high-volume crude oil and liquefied natural gas tanker traffic through the area. Monitoring population recovery of a highly mobile, migratory species is daunting for low-cost, community-led science. Focusing on a small, important subset of the animals' range can make this challenge more tractable. Given low statistical power and high variability, our community is considering simpler ecological indicators of population health, such as the number of individuals harmed or killed each year by human activities, including ship strikes and entanglement in fishing gear.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>24058666</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0075228</doi><tpages>e75228</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Abundance Animal behavior Animals Aquatic mammals British Columbia Canadian native peoples Cetacea Communities Crude oil Delphinidae Ecological monitoring Ecological Parameter Monitoring Ecosystem Endangered & extinct species Endangered species Entanglement Environmental monitoring Female Fishing Fishing gear Fjords Habitats Humans Humpback Whale - physiology Independent regulatory commissions Liquefied natural gas Male Marine Marine mammals Megaptera Megaptera novaeangliae Migratory species Natural gas NGOs Non-governmental organizations Nongovernmental organizations Population (statistical) Regulatory agencies Ships Site fidelity Survival Territorial waters Threatened species Whales Wildlife conservation |
| title | Abundance and survival of Pacific humpback whales in a proposed critical habitat area |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-21T20%3A33%3A34IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Abundance%20and%20survival%20of%20Pacific%20humpback%20whales%20in%20a%20proposed%20critical%20habitat%20area&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Ashe,%20Erin&rft.date=2013-09-11&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=e75228&rft.pages=e75228-&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0075228&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA478321230%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1436966463&rft_id=info:pmid/24058666&rft_galeid=A478321230&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_5bd78dc56477402d9bc7f3528139b536&rfr_iscdi=true |