Non-adaptive phenotypic evolution of the endangered carnivore Lycaon pictus
Decline in wild populations as a result of anthropogenic impact is widely considered to have evolutionary consequences for the species concerned. Here we examine changes in developmental stability in the painted hunting dog (Lycaon pictus), which once occupied most of sub-Saharan Africa but has unde...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2013-09, Vol.8 (9), p.e73856-e73856 |
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| creator | Edwards, Charles T T Rasmussen, Gregory S A Riordan, Philip Courchamp, Franck Macdonald, David W |
| description | Decline in wild populations as a result of anthropogenic impact is widely considered to have evolutionary consequences for the species concerned. Here we examine changes in developmental stability in the painted hunting dog (Lycaon pictus), which once occupied most of sub-Saharan Africa but has undergone a dramatic population decline in the last century. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) was used as an indicator of developmental stability and measured in museum skull specimens spanning a hundred year period. A comparison with the more ubiquitous black-backed jackal (Canis mesomelas) revealed FA in L. pictus to be high. Furthermore, the data indicate a temporal increase in FA over time in L. pictus, corresponding to the period of its population decline. The high rate of change is compatible with genetic drift although environmental factors are also likely to be important. Lowering developmental stability over time may have direct fitness consequences and as such represents an unacknowledged threat to future resilience of the population. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0073856 |
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Here we examine changes in developmental stability in the painted hunting dog (Lycaon pictus), which once occupied most of sub-Saharan Africa but has undergone a dramatic population decline in the last century. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) was used as an indicator of developmental stability and measured in museum skull specimens spanning a hundred year period. A comparison with the more ubiquitous black-backed jackal (Canis mesomelas) revealed FA in L. pictus to be high. Furthermore, the data indicate a temporal increase in FA over time in L. pictus, corresponding to the period of its population decline. The high rate of change is compatible with genetic drift although environmental factors are also likely to be important. Lowering developmental stability over time may have direct fitness consequences and as such represents an unacknowledged threat to future resilience of the population.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073856</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24086298</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Animal behavior ; Animals ; Anthropogenic factors ; Asymmetry ; Biological Evolution ; Canidae - genetics ; Canidae - physiology ; Canis mesomelas ; Conservation biology ; Endangered Species ; Environmental factors ; Evolution & development ; Evolutionary biology ; Extinction ; Fitness ; Fluctuating asymmetry ; Fossils ; Genetic drift ; Genetics ; Homeostasis ; Human influences ; Hunting ; Lycaon pictus ; Museums ; National parks ; Natural history ; Parks & recreation areas ; Phenotype ; Physiology ; Population decline ; Population genetics ; Reproductive fitness ; Stability ; Studies ; Wildlife conservation ; Zoology</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2013-09, Vol.8 (9), p.e73856-e73856</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2013 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2013 Edwards et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2013 Edwards et al 2013 Edwards et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-48337f8f71a2b786a735bff187a9b89753ca4b42b87f9d13a6ffe1ca7bbe1e5d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-48337f8f71a2b786a735bff187a9b89753ca4b42b87f9d13a6ffe1ca7bbe1e5d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3781135/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3781135/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24086298$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Hayward, Matt</contributor><creatorcontrib>Edwards, Charles T T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rasmussen, Gregory S A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Riordan, Philip</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Courchamp, Franck</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Macdonald, David W</creatorcontrib><title>Non-adaptive phenotypic evolution of the endangered carnivore Lycaon pictus</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Decline in wild populations as a result of anthropogenic impact is widely considered to have evolutionary consequences for the species concerned. Here we examine changes in developmental stability in the painted hunting dog (Lycaon pictus), which once occupied most of sub-Saharan Africa but has undergone a dramatic population decline in the last century. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) was used as an indicator of developmental stability and measured in museum skull specimens spanning a hundred year period. A comparison with the more ubiquitous black-backed jackal (Canis mesomelas) revealed FA in L. pictus to be high. Furthermore, the data indicate a temporal increase in FA over time in L. pictus, corresponding to the period of its population decline. The high rate of change is compatible with genetic drift although environmental factors are also likely to be important. Lowering developmental stability over time may have direct fitness consequences and as such represents an unacknowledged threat to future resilience of the population.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Animal behavior</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anthropogenic factors</subject><subject>Asymmetry</subject><subject>Biological Evolution</subject><subject>Canidae - genetics</subject><subject>Canidae - physiology</subject><subject>Canis mesomelas</subject><subject>Conservation biology</subject><subject>Endangered Species</subject><subject>Environmental factors</subject><subject>Evolution & development</subject><subject>Evolutionary biology</subject><subject>Extinction</subject><subject>Fitness</subject><subject>Fluctuating asymmetry</subject><subject>Fossils</subject><subject>Genetic drift</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>Homeostasis</subject><subject>Human influences</subject><subject>Hunting</subject><subject>Lycaon 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Here we examine changes in developmental stability in the painted hunting dog (Lycaon pictus), which once occupied most of sub-Saharan Africa but has undergone a dramatic population decline in the last century. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) was used as an indicator of developmental stability and measured in museum skull specimens spanning a hundred year period. A comparison with the more ubiquitous black-backed jackal (Canis mesomelas) revealed FA in L. pictus to be high. Furthermore, the data indicate a temporal increase in FA over time in L. pictus, corresponding to the period of its population decline. The high rate of change is compatible with genetic drift although environmental factors are also likely to be important. Lowering developmental stability over time may have direct fitness consequences and as such represents an unacknowledged threat to future resilience of the population.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>24086298</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0073856</doi><tpages>e73856</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Analysis Animal behavior Animals Anthropogenic factors Asymmetry Biological Evolution Canidae - genetics Canidae - physiology Canis mesomelas Conservation biology Endangered Species Environmental factors Evolution & development Evolutionary biology Extinction Fitness Fluctuating asymmetry Fossils Genetic drift Genetics Homeostasis Human influences Hunting Lycaon pictus Museums National parks Natural history Parks & recreation areas Phenotype Physiology Population decline Population genetics Reproductive fitness Stability Studies Wildlife conservation Zoology |
| title | Non-adaptive phenotypic evolution of the endangered carnivore Lycaon pictus |
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