Salivary gland hypofunction in tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase-2 knockout mice is due to primary hypothyroidism
Protein-tyrosine sulfation is a post-translational modification of an unknown number of secreted and membrane proteins mediated by two known Golgi tyrosylprotein sulfotransferases (TPST-1 and TPST-2). We reported that Tpst2-/- mice have mild-moderate primary hypothyroidism, whereas Tpst1-/- mice are...
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| description | Protein-tyrosine sulfation is a post-translational modification of an unknown number of secreted and membrane proteins mediated by two known Golgi tyrosylprotein sulfotransferases (TPST-1 and TPST-2). We reported that Tpst2-/- mice have mild-moderate primary hypothyroidism, whereas Tpst1-/- mice are euthyroid. While using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to look at the thyroid gland we noticed that the salivary glands in Tpst2-/- mice appeared smaller than in wild type mice. This prompted a detailed analysis to compare salivary gland structure and function in wild type, Tpst1-/-, and Tpst2 -/- mice.
Quantitative MRI imaging documented that salivary glands in Tpst2-/- females were (≈) 30% smaller than wild type or Tpst1-/- mice and that the granular convoluted tubules in Tpst2-/- submandibular glands were less prominent and were almost completely devoid of exocrine secretory granules compared to glands from wild type or Tpst1-/- mice. In addition, pilocarpine-induced salivary flow and salivary α-amylase activity in Tpst2-/- mice of both sexes was substantially lower than in wild type and Tpst1-/- mice. Anti-sulfotyrosine Western blots of salivary gland extracts and saliva showed no differences between wild type, Tpst1-/-, and Tpst2-/- mice, suggesting that the salivary gland hypofunction is due to factor(s) extrinsic to the salivary glands. Finally, we found that all indicators of hypothyroidism (serum T4, body weight) and salivary gland hypofunction (salivary flow, salivary α-amylase activity, histological changes) were restored to normal or near normal by thyroid hormone supplementation.
Our findings conclusively demonstrate that low body weight and salivary gland hypofunction in Tpst2-/- mice is due solely to primary hypothyroidism. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0071822 |
| format | Article |
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Quantitative MRI imaging documented that salivary glands in Tpst2-/- females were (≈) 30% smaller than wild type or Tpst1-/- mice and that the granular convoluted tubules in Tpst2-/- submandibular glands were less prominent and were almost completely devoid of exocrine secretory granules compared to glands from wild type or Tpst1-/- mice. In addition, pilocarpine-induced salivary flow and salivary α-amylase activity in Tpst2-/- mice of both sexes was substantially lower than in wild type and Tpst1-/- mice. Anti-sulfotyrosine Western blots of salivary gland extracts and saliva showed no differences between wild type, Tpst1-/-, and Tpst2-/- mice, suggesting that the salivary gland hypofunction is due to factor(s) extrinsic to the salivary glands. Finally, we found that all indicators of hypothyroidism (serum T4, body weight) and salivary gland hypofunction (salivary flow, salivary α-amylase activity, histological changes) were restored to normal or near normal by thyroid hormone supplementation.
Our findings conclusively demonstrate that low body weight and salivary gland hypofunction in Tpst2-/- mice is due solely to primary hypothyroidism.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071822</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23951251</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Amylases ; Animals ; Biology ; Blotting, Western ; Body weight ; Body Weight - drug effects ; Body Weight - genetics ; Body Weight - physiology ; Cloning ; Dietary Supplements ; Eggs ; Enzymes ; Exocrine glands ; Female ; Females ; Gene Expression ; Glands ; Glycoproteins ; Golgi apparatus ; Health sciences ; Hypothyroidism ; Hypothyroidism - blood ; Hypothyroidism - genetics ; Hypothyroidism - metabolism ; Infertility ; Laboratory animals ; Magnetic resonance ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Males ; Medical research ; Membrane proteins ; Mice ; Mice, 129 Strain ; Mice, Knockout ; Motility ; NMR ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Pilocarpine ; Post-translation ; Post-translational modifications ; Proteins ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rodents ; Saliva ; Salivary alpha-Amylases - metabolism ; Salivary gland ; Salivary glands ; Salivary Glands - metabolism ; Salivary Glands - pathology ; Salivary Glands - physiopathology ; Secretory vesicles ; Sperm ; Structure-function relationships ; Submandibular gland ; Submandibular Gland - metabolism ; Submandibular Gland - pathology ; Submandibular Gland - physiopathology ; Sulfation ; Sulfotransferase ; Sulfotransferases - genetics ; Sulfotransferases - metabolism ; Thyroid ; Thyroid (USP) - administration & dosage ; Thyroid (USP) - pharmacology ; Thyroid gland ; Thyroid hormones ; Thyroxine ; Thyroxine - blood ; Tubules ; Tyrosine ; Western blotting ; α-Amylase</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2013-08, Vol.8 (8), p.e71822-e71822</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2013 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2013 Westmuckett et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2013 Westmuckett et al 2013 Westmuckett et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-66525a2c8d2a8a670bcefce1f9ce0c71a657533ac09777755f757af15defa6d23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-66525a2c8d2a8a670bcefce1f9ce0c71a657533ac09777755f757af15defa6d23</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3737198/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3737198/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23951251$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Westmuckett, Andrew D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siefert, Joseph C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tesiram, Yasvir A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pinson, David M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moore, Kevin L</creatorcontrib><title>Salivary gland hypofunction in tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase-2 knockout mice is due to primary hypothyroidism</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Protein-tyrosine sulfation is a post-translational modification of an unknown number of secreted and membrane proteins mediated by two known Golgi tyrosylprotein sulfotransferases (TPST-1 and TPST-2). We reported that Tpst2-/- mice have mild-moderate primary hypothyroidism, whereas Tpst1-/- mice are euthyroid. While using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to look at the thyroid gland we noticed that the salivary glands in Tpst2-/- mice appeared smaller than in wild type mice. This prompted a detailed analysis to compare salivary gland structure and function in wild type, Tpst1-/-, and Tpst2 -/- mice.
Quantitative MRI imaging documented that salivary glands in Tpst2-/- females were (≈) 30% smaller than wild type or Tpst1-/- mice and that the granular convoluted tubules in Tpst2-/- submandibular glands were less prominent and were almost completely devoid of exocrine secretory granules compared to glands from wild type or Tpst1-/- mice. In addition, pilocarpine-induced salivary flow and salivary α-amylase activity in Tpst2-/- mice of both sexes was substantially lower than in wild type and Tpst1-/- mice. Anti-sulfotyrosine Western blots of salivary gland extracts and saliva showed no differences between wild type, Tpst1-/-, and Tpst2-/- mice, suggesting that the salivary gland hypofunction is due to factor(s) extrinsic to the salivary glands. Finally, we found that all indicators of hypothyroidism (serum T4, body weight) and salivary gland hypofunction (salivary flow, salivary α-amylase activity, histological changes) were restored to normal or near normal by thyroid hormone supplementation.
Our findings conclusively demonstrate that low body weight and salivary gland hypofunction in Tpst2-/- mice is due solely to primary hypothyroidism.</description><subject>Amylases</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Blotting, Western</subject><subject>Body weight</subject><subject>Body Weight - drug effects</subject><subject>Body Weight - genetics</subject><subject>Body Weight - physiology</subject><subject>Cloning</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements</subject><subject>Eggs</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Exocrine glands</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Gene Expression</subject><subject>Glands</subject><subject>Glycoproteins</subject><subject>Golgi apparatus</subject><subject>Health sciences</subject><subject>Hypothyroidism</subject><subject>Hypothyroidism - blood</subject><subject>Hypothyroidism - genetics</subject><subject>Hypothyroidism - metabolism</subject><subject>Infertility</subject><subject>Laboratory animals</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Males</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Membrane proteins</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mice, 129 Strain</subject><subject>Mice, Knockout</subject><subject>Motility</subject><subject>NMR</subject><subject>Nuclear magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Pilocarpine</subject><subject>Post-translation</subject><subject>Post-translational modifications</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>Saliva</subject><subject>Salivary alpha-Amylases - metabolism</subject><subject>Salivary gland</subject><subject>Salivary glands</subject><subject>Salivary Glands - metabolism</subject><subject>Salivary Glands - pathology</subject><subject>Salivary Glands - physiopathology</subject><subject>Secretory vesicles</subject><subject>Sperm</subject><subject>Structure-function relationships</subject><subject>Submandibular gland</subject><subject>Submandibular Gland - metabolism</subject><subject>Submandibular Gland - pathology</subject><subject>Submandibular Gland - physiopathology</subject><subject>Sulfation</subject><subject>Sulfotransferase</subject><subject>Sulfotransferases - genetics</subject><subject>Sulfotransferases - metabolism</subject><subject>Thyroid</subject><subject>Thyroid (USP) - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Thyroid (USP) - pharmacology</subject><subject>Thyroid gland</subject><subject>Thyroid hormones</subject><subject>Thyroxine</subject><subject>Thyroxine - blood</subject><subject>Tubules</subject><subject>Tyrosine</subject><subject>Western blotting</subject><subject>α-Amylase</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk01v1DAQhiMEoqXwDxBEQkJw2MUfcZxckKqKj5UqVaLA1Zp1xrtuvfE2dir23-N002qDeiA5xHGeeTOedybLXlMyp1zST1e-71pw861vcU6IpBVjT7JjWnM2KxnhTw_WR9mLEK4IEbwqy-fZEeO1oEzQ48xfgrO30O3ylYO2yde7rTd9q6P1bW7bPO46H3Zu2_mI6TX0zvjYQRsMdhBwxvLr1utr38d8YzXmNuRNj3n0-bazm0F3UIzrJGMbGzYvs2cGXMBX4_Mk-_X1y8-z77Pzi2-Ls9PzmS5rFmdlKZgApquGQQWlJEuNRiM1tUaiJYVSSME5aFLLdAlhpJBgqGjQQNkwfpK93etunQ9qrFVQtOCEiUJIkojFnmg8XKkxW-XBqrsN360UdNFqh2pplkgph5SSLCpTAjIOXNCaSUHALJPW5_Fv_XKDjcY21chNRKdfWrtWK3-ruExW1lUS-DAKdP6mxxDVxgaNLnmCvh_yZiWhtSxkQt_9gz5-upFaQTqAbe9c04OoOi1kVZCCyUFr_giV7gaTm6mxjE37k4CPk4DERPwTV9CHoBaXP_6fvfg9Zd8fsGsEF9fBu35owzAFiz2oU1-GDs1DkSlRw1zcV0MNc6HGuUhhbw4Negi6HwT-F8p3Csw</recordid><startdate>20130807</startdate><enddate>20130807</enddate><creator>Westmuckett, Andrew D</creator><creator>Siefert, Joseph C</creator><creator>Tesiram, Yasvir A</creator><creator>Pinson, David M</creator><creator>Moore, Kevin L</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130807</creationdate><title>Salivary gland hypofunction in tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase-2 knockout mice is due to primary hypothyroidism</title><author>Westmuckett, Andrew D ; Siefert, Joseph C ; Tesiram, Yasvir A ; Pinson, David M ; Moore, Kevin L</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-66525a2c8d2a8a670bcefce1f9ce0c71a657533ac09777755f757af15defa6d23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Amylases</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biology</topic><topic>Blotting, Western</topic><topic>Body weight</topic><topic>Body Weight - drug effects</topic><topic>Body Weight - genetics</topic><topic>Body Weight - physiology</topic><topic>Cloning</topic><topic>Dietary Supplements</topic><topic>Eggs</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Exocrine glands</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Females</topic><topic>Gene Expression</topic><topic>Glands</topic><topic>Glycoproteins</topic><topic>Golgi apparatus</topic><topic>Health sciences</topic><topic>Hypothyroidism</topic><topic>Hypothyroidism - blood</topic><topic>Hypothyroidism - genetics</topic><topic>Hypothyroidism - metabolism</topic><topic>Infertility</topic><topic>Laboratory animals</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Males</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Membrane proteins</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Mice, 129 Strain</topic><topic>Mice, Knockout</topic><topic>Motility</topic><topic>NMR</topic><topic>Nuclear magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Pilocarpine</topic><topic>Post-translation</topic><topic>Post-translational modifications</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</topic><topic>Rodents</topic><topic>Saliva</topic><topic>Salivary alpha-Amylases - metabolism</topic><topic>Salivary gland</topic><topic>Salivary glands</topic><topic>Salivary Glands - metabolism</topic><topic>Salivary Glands - pathology</topic><topic>Salivary Glands - physiopathology</topic><topic>Secretory vesicles</topic><topic>Sperm</topic><topic>Structure-function relationships</topic><topic>Submandibular gland</topic><topic>Submandibular Gland - metabolism</topic><topic>Submandibular Gland - pathology</topic><topic>Submandibular Gland - physiopathology</topic><topic>Sulfation</topic><topic>Sulfotransferase</topic><topic>Sulfotransferases - genetics</topic><topic>Sulfotransferases - metabolism</topic><topic>Thyroid</topic><topic>Thyroid (USP) - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Thyroid (USP) - pharmacology</topic><topic>Thyroid gland</topic><topic>Thyroid hormones</topic><topic>Thyroxine</topic><topic>Thyroxine - blood</topic><topic>Tubules</topic><topic>Tyrosine</topic><topic>Western blotting</topic><topic>α-Amylase</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Westmuckett, Andrew D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siefert, Joseph C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tesiram, Yasvir A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pinson, David M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moore, Kevin L</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health Medical collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Westmuckett, Andrew D</au><au>Siefert, Joseph C</au><au>Tesiram, Yasvir A</au><au>Pinson, David M</au><au>Moore, Kevin L</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Salivary gland hypofunction in tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase-2 knockout mice is due to primary hypothyroidism</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2013-08-07</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>e71822</spage><epage>e71822</epage><pages>e71822-e71822</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Protein-tyrosine sulfation is a post-translational modification of an unknown number of secreted and membrane proteins mediated by two known Golgi tyrosylprotein sulfotransferases (TPST-1 and TPST-2). We reported that Tpst2-/- mice have mild-moderate primary hypothyroidism, whereas Tpst1-/- mice are euthyroid. While using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to look at the thyroid gland we noticed that the salivary glands in Tpst2-/- mice appeared smaller than in wild type mice. This prompted a detailed analysis to compare salivary gland structure and function in wild type, Tpst1-/-, and Tpst2 -/- mice.
Quantitative MRI imaging documented that salivary glands in Tpst2-/- females were (≈) 30% smaller than wild type or Tpst1-/- mice and that the granular convoluted tubules in Tpst2-/- submandibular glands were less prominent and were almost completely devoid of exocrine secretory granules compared to glands from wild type or Tpst1-/- mice. In addition, pilocarpine-induced salivary flow and salivary α-amylase activity in Tpst2-/- mice of both sexes was substantially lower than in wild type and Tpst1-/- mice. Anti-sulfotyrosine Western blots of salivary gland extracts and saliva showed no differences between wild type, Tpst1-/-, and Tpst2-/- mice, suggesting that the salivary gland hypofunction is due to factor(s) extrinsic to the salivary glands. Finally, we found that all indicators of hypothyroidism (serum T4, body weight) and salivary gland hypofunction (salivary flow, salivary α-amylase activity, histological changes) were restored to normal or near normal by thyroid hormone supplementation.
Our findings conclusively demonstrate that low body weight and salivary gland hypofunction in Tpst2-/- mice is due solely to primary hypothyroidism.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>23951251</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0071822</doi><tpages>e71822</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2013-08, Vol.8 (8), p.e71822-e71822 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1430254570 |
| source | MEDLINE; Public Library of Science; Full-Text Journals in Chemistry (Open access); PubMed Central; Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB Electronic Journals Library |
| subjects | Amylases Animals Biology Blotting, Western Body weight Body Weight - drug effects Body Weight - genetics Body Weight - physiology Cloning Dietary Supplements Eggs Enzymes Exocrine glands Female Females Gene Expression Glands Glycoproteins Golgi apparatus Health sciences Hypothyroidism Hypothyroidism - blood Hypothyroidism - genetics Hypothyroidism - metabolism Infertility Laboratory animals Magnetic resonance Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Males Medical research Membrane proteins Mice Mice, 129 Strain Mice, Knockout Motility NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Pilocarpine Post-translation Post-translational modifications Proteins Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Rodents Saliva Salivary alpha-Amylases - metabolism Salivary gland Salivary glands Salivary Glands - metabolism Salivary Glands - pathology Salivary Glands - physiopathology Secretory vesicles Sperm Structure-function relationships Submandibular gland Submandibular Gland - metabolism Submandibular Gland - pathology Submandibular Gland - physiopathology Sulfation Sulfotransferase Sulfotransferases - genetics Sulfotransferases - metabolism Thyroid Thyroid (USP) - administration & dosage Thyroid (USP) - pharmacology Thyroid gland Thyroid hormones Thyroxine Thyroxine - blood Tubules Tyrosine Western blotting α-Amylase |
| title | Salivary gland hypofunction in tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase-2 knockout mice is due to primary hypothyroidism |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-07T15%3A36%3A26IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Salivary%20gland%20hypofunction%20in%20tyrosylprotein%20sulfotransferase-2%20knockout%20mice%20is%20due%20to%20primary%20hypothyroidism&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Westmuckett,%20Andrew%20D&rft.date=2013-08-07&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=e71822&rft.epage=e71822&rft.pages=e71822-e71822&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0071822&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA478404277%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1430254570&rft_id=info:pmid/23951251&rft_galeid=A478404277&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_bfbe113a25a748f6ae23a35192750afb&rfr_iscdi=true |