Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Tetraploid Wheats (Triticum turgidum L.) Estimated by SSR, DArT and Pedigree Data
Levels of genetic diversity and population genetic structure of a collection of 230 accessions of seven tetraploid Triticum turgidum L. subspecies were investigated using six morphological, nine seed storage protein loci, 26 SSRs and 970 DArT markers. The genetic diversity of the morphological trait...
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| creator | Laidò, Giovanni Mangini, Giacomo Taranto, Francesca Gadaleta, Agata Blanco, Antonio Cattivelli, Luigi Marone, Daniela Mastrangelo, Anna M Papa, Roberto De Vita, Pasquale |
| description | Levels of genetic diversity and population genetic structure of a collection of 230 accessions of seven tetraploid Triticum turgidum L. subspecies were investigated using six morphological, nine seed storage protein loci, 26 SSRs and 970 DArT markers. The genetic diversity of the morphological traits and seed storage proteins was always lower in the durum wheat compared to the wild and domesticated emmer. Using Bayesian clustering (K = 2), both of the sets of molecular markers distinguished the durum wheat cultivars from the other tetraploid subspecies, and two distinct subgroups were detected within the durum wheat subspecies, which is in agreement with their origin and year of release. The genetic diversity of morphological traits and seed storage proteins was always lower in the improved durum cultivars registered after 1990, than in the intermediate and older ones. This marked effect on diversity was not observed for molecular markers, where there was only a weak reduction. At K >2, the SSR markers showed a greater degree of resolution than for DArT, with their identification of a greater number of groups within each subspecies. Analysis of DArT marker differentiation between the wheat subspecies indicated outlier loci that are potentially linked to genes controlling some important agronomic traits. Among the 211 loci identified under selection, 109 markers were recently mapped, and some of these markers were clustered into specific regions on chromosome arms 2BL, 3BS and 4AL, where several genes/quantitative trait loci (QTLs) are involved in the domestication of tetraploid wheats, such as the tenacious glumes (Tg) and brittle rachis (Br) characteristics. On the basis of these results, it can be assumed that the population structure of the tetraploid wheat collection partially reflects the evolutionary history of Triticum turgidum L. subspecies and the genetic potential of landraces and wild accessions for the detection of unexplored alleles. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0067280 |
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Estimated by SSR, DArT and Pedigree Data</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Full-Text Journals in Chemistry (Open access)</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>EZB Electronic Journals Library</source><source>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</source><creator>Laidò, Giovanni ; Mangini, Giacomo ; Taranto, Francesca ; Gadaleta, Agata ; Blanco, Antonio ; Cattivelli, Luigi ; Marone, Daniela ; Mastrangelo, Anna M ; Papa, Roberto ; De Vita, Pasquale</creator><contributor>Labra, Massimo</contributor><creatorcontrib>Laidò, Giovanni ; Mangini, Giacomo ; Taranto, Francesca ; Gadaleta, Agata ; Blanco, Antonio ; Cattivelli, Luigi ; Marone, Daniela ; Mastrangelo, Anna M ; Papa, Roberto ; De Vita, Pasquale ; Labra, Massimo</creatorcontrib><description>Levels of genetic diversity and population genetic structure of a collection of 230 accessions of seven tetraploid Triticum turgidum L. subspecies were investigated using six morphological, nine seed storage protein loci, 26 SSRs and 970 DArT markers. The genetic diversity of the morphological traits and seed storage proteins was always lower in the durum wheat compared to the wild and domesticated emmer. Using Bayesian clustering (K = 2), both of the sets of molecular markers distinguished the durum wheat cultivars from the other tetraploid subspecies, and two distinct subgroups were detected within the durum wheat subspecies, which is in agreement with their origin and year of release. The genetic diversity of morphological traits and seed storage proteins was always lower in the improved durum cultivars registered after 1990, than in the intermediate and older ones. This marked effect on diversity was not observed for molecular markers, where there was only a weak reduction. At K >2, the SSR markers showed a greater degree of resolution than for DArT, with their identification of a greater number of groups within each subspecies. Analysis of DArT marker differentiation between the wheat subspecies indicated outlier loci that are potentially linked to genes controlling some important agronomic traits. Among the 211 loci identified under selection, 109 markers were recently mapped, and some of these markers were clustered into specific regions on chromosome arms 2BL, 3BS and 4AL, where several genes/quantitative trait loci (QTLs) are involved in the domestication of tetraploid wheats, such as the tenacious glumes (Tg) and brittle rachis (Br) characteristics. On the basis of these results, it can be assumed that the population structure of the tetraploid wheat collection partially reflects the evolutionary history of Triticum turgidum L. subspecies and the genetic potential of landraces and wild accessions for the detection of unexplored alleles.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067280</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23826256</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Agriculture ; Agronomy ; Barley ; Bayes Theorem ; Bayesian analysis ; Biological evolution ; Biology ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cluster Analysis ; Clustering ; Collection ; Cultivars ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; Domestication ; Evolution ; Evolutionary genetics ; Food ; Gene loci ; Genes ; Genetic diversity ; Genetic Loci ; Genetic Markers ; Genetic structure ; Genetic Variation ; Genomes ; Genomics ; Genotype & phenotype ; Genotyping Techniques ; Germplasm ; Glumes ; Markers ; Morphology ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Phenotype ; Phylogenetics ; Plant Leaves - genetics ; Population ; Population genetics ; Population structure ; Proteins ; Quantitative trait loci ; Species Specificity ; Storage proteins ; Studies ; Subgroups ; Tetraploidy ; Triticum ; Triticum - genetics ; Triticum durum ; Triticum turgidum ; Wheat</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2013-06, Vol.8 (6), p.e67280-e67280</ispartof><rights>2013 Laidò et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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Estimated by SSR, DArT and Pedigree Data</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Levels of genetic diversity and population genetic structure of a collection of 230 accessions of seven tetraploid Triticum turgidum L. subspecies were investigated using six morphological, nine seed storage protein loci, 26 SSRs and 970 DArT markers. The genetic diversity of the morphological traits and seed storage proteins was always lower in the durum wheat compared to the wild and domesticated emmer. Using Bayesian clustering (K = 2), both of the sets of molecular markers distinguished the durum wheat cultivars from the other tetraploid subspecies, and two distinct subgroups were detected within the durum wheat subspecies, which is in agreement with their origin and year of release. The genetic diversity of morphological traits and seed storage proteins was always lower in the improved durum cultivars registered after 1990, than in the intermediate and older ones. This marked effect on diversity was not observed for molecular markers, where there was only a weak reduction. At K >2, the SSR markers showed a greater degree of resolution than for DArT, with their identification of a greater number of groups within each subspecies. Analysis of DArT marker differentiation between the wheat subspecies indicated outlier loci that are potentially linked to genes controlling some important agronomic traits. Among the 211 loci identified under selection, 109 markers were recently mapped, and some of these markers were clustered into specific regions on chromosome arms 2BL, 3BS and 4AL, where several genes/quantitative trait loci (QTLs) are involved in the domestication of tetraploid wheats, such as the tenacious glumes (Tg) and brittle rachis (Br) characteristics. 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genetics</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Population genetics</subject><subject>Population structure</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Quantitative trait loci</subject><subject>Species Specificity</subject><subject>Storage proteins</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Subgroups</subject><subject>Tetraploidy</subject><subject>Triticum</subject><subject>Triticum - genetics</subject><subject>Triticum durum</subject><subject>Triticum turgidum</subject><subject>Wheat</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptUl1vEzEQPCEQLYF_gMASL0UiwR93PvsFqWpKqRQJRIJ4tDbnvdTR5RxsX6U88ddxSFq1iCevvDPjmfUWxWtGJ0zU7OPaD6GHbrL1PU4olTVX9ElxyrTgY8mpePqgPilexLimtBJKyufFCReKS17J0-L3FfaYXEOm7hZDdGlHoLfkm98OHSTnezJPYWjSEJD4liwwBdh23lny8wYhRXK2CC7zhw3JmJWzuZhN3pPLmNwGElqy3JH5_PsHMj0Pi4M2WrcKiGQKCV4Wz1roIr46nqPix-fLxcWX8ezr1fXF-WzcVFymcU2l4g20SlnLK2trmoNQrjXFpQWJjWISUHGmKimUpk1uCy10LlsGFsSoeHvQzeajOc4umjxJzngpSp4R1weE9bA225Dth53x4MzfCx9WBkJO2qHhFShoKasqgFLYUqsWqgZopaiqJVtmrU_H14blBm2DfR5b90j0cad3N2blb42QutSCZoGzo0DwvwaMyWxcbLDroEc_ZN-1ZjWn-x8dFe_-gf4_XXlANcHHGLC9N8PoHsfuWGa_T-a4T5n25mGQe9LdAok_xYrIFQ</recordid><startdate>20130627</startdate><enddate>20130627</enddate><creator>Laidò, Giovanni</creator><creator>Mangini, Giacomo</creator><creator>Taranto, Francesca</creator><creator>Gadaleta, Agata</creator><creator>Blanco, Antonio</creator><creator>Cattivelli, Luigi</creator><creator>Marone, Daniela</creator><creator>Mastrangelo, Anna M</creator><creator>Papa, Roberto</creator><creator>De Vita, Pasquale</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130627</creationdate><title>Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Tetraploid Wheats (Triticum turgidum L.) 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Estimated by SSR, DArT and Pedigree Data</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2013-06-27</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>e67280</spage><epage>e67280</epage><pages>e67280-e67280</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Levels of genetic diversity and population genetic structure of a collection of 230 accessions of seven tetraploid Triticum turgidum L. subspecies were investigated using six morphological, nine seed storage protein loci, 26 SSRs and 970 DArT markers. The genetic diversity of the morphological traits and seed storage proteins was always lower in the durum wheat compared to the wild and domesticated emmer. Using Bayesian clustering (K = 2), both of the sets of molecular markers distinguished the durum wheat cultivars from the other tetraploid subspecies, and two distinct subgroups were detected within the durum wheat subspecies, which is in agreement with their origin and year of release. The genetic diversity of morphological traits and seed storage proteins was always lower in the improved durum cultivars registered after 1990, than in the intermediate and older ones. This marked effect on diversity was not observed for molecular markers, where there was only a weak reduction. At K >2, the SSR markers showed a greater degree of resolution than for DArT, with their identification of a greater number of groups within each subspecies. Analysis of DArT marker differentiation between the wheat subspecies indicated outlier loci that are potentially linked to genes controlling some important agronomic traits. Among the 211 loci identified under selection, 109 markers were recently mapped, and some of these markers were clustered into specific regions on chromosome arms 2BL, 3BS and 4AL, where several genes/quantitative trait loci (QTLs) are involved in the domestication of tetraploid wheats, such as the tenacious glumes (Tg) and brittle rachis (Br) characteristics. On the basis of these results, it can be assumed that the population structure of the tetraploid wheat collection partially reflects the evolutionary history of Triticum turgidum L. subspecies and the genetic potential of landraces and wild accessions for the detection of unexplored alleles.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>23826256</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0067280</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | PloS one, 2013-06, Vol.8 (6), p.e67280-e67280 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Full-Text Journals in Chemistry (Open access); PubMed Central; Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB Electronic Journals Library; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Agriculture Agronomy Barley Bayes Theorem Bayesian analysis Biological evolution Biology Chromosome Mapping Cluster Analysis Clustering Collection Cultivars Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA Domestication Evolution Evolutionary genetics Food Gene loci Genes Genetic diversity Genetic Loci Genetic Markers Genetic structure Genetic Variation Genomes Genomics Genotype & phenotype Genotyping Techniques Germplasm Glumes Markers Morphology Mutation Pedigree Phenotype Phylogenetics Plant Leaves - genetics Population Population genetics Population structure Proteins Quantitative trait loci Species Specificity Storage proteins Studies Subgroups Tetraploidy Triticum Triticum - genetics Triticum durum Triticum turgidum Wheat |
| title | Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Tetraploid Wheats (Triticum turgidum L.) Estimated by SSR, DArT and Pedigree Data |
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