Could sensory mechanisms be a core factor that underlies freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease?
The main objective of this study was to determine how manipulating the amount of sensory information available about the body and surrounding environment influenced freezing of gait (FOG), while walking through a doorway. It was hypothesized that the more limited the sensory information, the greater...
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| creator | Ehgoetz Martens, Kaylena A Pieruccini-Faria, Frederico Almeida, Quincy J |
| description | The main objective of this study was to determine how manipulating the amount of sensory information available about the body and surrounding environment influenced freezing of gait (FOG), while walking through a doorway. It was hypothesized that the more limited the sensory information, the greater the occurrence of freezing of gait. Nineteen patients with Parkinsoǹs disease who experience freezing of gait (PD-FOG) walked through a doorway or into open space in complete darkness. The three doorway conditions included: (i) FRAME (DARK)--walking through the remembered door frame; (ii) FRAME--walking through the door with the door frame illuminated; (iii) FRAME+BODY--walking through the door (both the door and the limbs illuminated). Additionally, two conditions of walking away from the doorway included: (iv) NO FRAME (DARK)--walking into open space; (v) NO FRAME+BODY--walking into open space with the limbs illuminated, to evaluate whether perception (or fear) of the doorway might account for FOG behaviour. Key outcome measures included: the number of freezing of gait episodes recorded, total duration of freezing of gait, and the percentage of time spent frozen. Significantly more freezing of gait episodes occurred when participants walked toward the doorway in complete darkness compared to walking into open space (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0062602 |
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It was hypothesized that the more limited the sensory information, the greater the occurrence of freezing of gait. Nineteen patients with Parkinsoǹs disease who experience freezing of gait (PD-FOG) walked through a doorway or into open space in complete darkness. The three doorway conditions included: (i) FRAME (DARK)--walking through the remembered door frame; (ii) FRAME--walking through the door with the door frame illuminated; (iii) FRAME+BODY--walking through the door (both the door and the limbs illuminated). Additionally, two conditions of walking away from the doorway included: (iv) NO FRAME (DARK)--walking into open space; (v) NO FRAME+BODY--walking into open space with the limbs illuminated, to evaluate whether perception (or fear) of the doorway might account for FOG behaviour. Key outcome measures included: the number of freezing of gait episodes recorded, total duration of freezing of gait, and the percentage of time spent frozen. Significantly more freezing of gait episodes occurred when participants walked toward the doorway in complete darkness compared to walking into open space (p<0.05). Similar to previous studies, velocity (p<0.001) and step length (p<0.0001) significantly decreased when walking through the door in complete darkness, compared to all other conditions. Significant increases in step width variability were also identified but only when walking into open space (p<0.005). These results support the notion that sensory deficits may have a profound impact on freezing of gait that need to be carefully considered.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062602</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23667499</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Analysis of Variance ; Brain research ; Darkness ; Doors ; Feedback ; Feedback, Sensory - physiology ; Fog ; Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic - physiology ; Gait ; Gait Disorders, Neurologic - etiology ; Gait Disorders, Neurologic - physiopathology ; Humans ; Limbs ; Medicine ; Models, Biological ; Movement disorders ; Neurodegenerative diseases ; Ontario ; Parkinson Disease - complications ; Parkinson Disease - physiopathology ; Parkinson's disease ; Patients ; Rehabilitation ; Sensory perception ; Social and Behavioral Sciences ; Studies ; Tonic immobility ; Walking</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2013-05, Vol.8 (5), p.e62602-e62602</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2013 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2013 Ehgoetz Martens et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2013 Ehgoetz Martens et al 2013 Ehgoetz Martens et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-bf02034e2db4b7c8c81739ffd230597a8753859263dfe8ff348e8d4d06dd2c633</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-bf02034e2db4b7c8c81739ffd230597a8753859263dfe8ff348e8d4d06dd2c633</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3648560/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3648560/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2095,2914,23846,27903,27904,53770,53772,79347,79348</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23667499$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Balasubramaniam, Ramesh</contributor><creatorcontrib>Ehgoetz Martens, Kaylena A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pieruccini-Faria, Frederico</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Almeida, Quincy J</creatorcontrib><title>Could sensory mechanisms be a core factor that underlies freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease?</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>The main objective of this study was to determine how manipulating the amount of sensory information available about the body and surrounding environment influenced freezing of gait (FOG), while walking through a doorway. It was hypothesized that the more limited the sensory information, the greater the occurrence of freezing of gait. Nineteen patients with Parkinsoǹs disease who experience freezing of gait (PD-FOG) walked through a doorway or into open space in complete darkness. The three doorway conditions included: (i) FRAME (DARK)--walking through the remembered door frame; (ii) FRAME--walking through the door with the door frame illuminated; (iii) FRAME+BODY--walking through the door (both the door and the limbs illuminated). Additionally, two conditions of walking away from the doorway included: (iv) NO FRAME (DARK)--walking into open space; (v) NO FRAME+BODY--walking into open space with the limbs illuminated, to evaluate whether perception (or fear) of the doorway might account for FOG behaviour. Key outcome measures included: the number of freezing of gait episodes recorded, total duration of freezing of gait, and the percentage of time spent frozen. Significantly more freezing of gait episodes occurred when participants walked toward the doorway in complete darkness compared to walking into open space (p<0.05). Similar to previous studies, velocity (p<0.001) and step length (p<0.0001) significantly decreased when walking through the door in complete darkness, compared to all other conditions. Significant increases in step width variability were also identified but only when walking into open space (p<0.005). These results support the notion that sensory deficits may have a profound impact on freezing of gait that need to be carefully considered.</description><subject>Analysis of Variance</subject><subject>Brain research</subject><subject>Darkness</subject><subject>Doors</subject><subject>Feedback</subject><subject>Feedback, Sensory - physiology</subject><subject>Fog</subject><subject>Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic - physiology</subject><subject>Gait</subject><subject>Gait Disorders, Neurologic - etiology</subject><subject>Gait Disorders, Neurologic - physiopathology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Limbs</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Models, Biological</subject><subject>Movement disorders</subject><subject>Neurodegenerative diseases</subject><subject>Ontario</subject><subject>Parkinson Disease - complications</subject><subject>Parkinson Disease - physiopathology</subject><subject>Parkinson's disease</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Rehabilitation</subject><subject>Sensory perception</subject><subject>Social and Behavioral Sciences</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Tonic immobility</subject><subject>Walking</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk1tvFCEUxydGY2v1GxglaeLlYVcGZhh40TQbL5s0qfH2Slg4zFJnYIUZY_30su602TV9MDxADr_zPxc4RfG4xPOSNuWryzBGr7r5JniYY8wIw-ROcVwKSmaMYHp373xUPEjpEuOacsbuF0eEMtZUQhwXahHGzqAEPoV4hXrQa-Vd6hNaAVJIhwjIKj2EiIa1GtDoDcTOQUI2Avx2vkXBola5ATmPPqr43WUl_zwh4xKoBG8eFves6hI8mvaT4uu7t18WH2bnF--Xi7PzmWaCDLOVxTnRCohZVatGc83LhgprDaG4Fo3iTU6-FoRRY4FbSysO3FQGM2OIZpSeFE93upsuJDl1J8mS1pgyUVKSieWOMEFdyk10vYpXMign_xpCbKWKg9MdSMIJEYIRVTNcYVKLOjeOcgxamJKrOmu9nqKNqx6MBj9E1R2IHt54t5Zt-Ckpq3gWzQIvJoEYfoyQBtm7pKHrlIcw7vLmoirJNu_Tf9Dbq5uoVuUCnLchx9VbUXlWNTzHpVRkan4LlZeB3un8lazL9gOHlwcOmRng19CqMSW5_Pzp_9mLb4fssz12Daob1il04-CCT4dgtQN1DClFsDdNLrHcTsJ1N-R2EuQ0Cdntyf4D3Thdf336B3bIAaQ</recordid><startdate>20130508</startdate><enddate>20130508</enddate><creator>Ehgoetz Martens, Kaylena A</creator><creator>Pieruccini-Faria, Frederico</creator><creator>Almeida, Quincy J</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130508</creationdate><title>Could sensory mechanisms be a core factor that underlies freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease?</title><author>Ehgoetz Martens, Kaylena A ; Pieruccini-Faria, Frederico ; Almeida, Quincy J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-bf02034e2db4b7c8c81739ffd230597a8753859263dfe8ff348e8d4d06dd2c633</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Analysis of Variance</topic><topic>Brain research</topic><topic>Darkness</topic><topic>Doors</topic><topic>Feedback</topic><topic>Feedback, Sensory - physiology</topic><topic>Fog</topic><topic>Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic - physiology</topic><topic>Gait</topic><topic>Gait Disorders, Neurologic - etiology</topic><topic>Gait Disorders, Neurologic - physiopathology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Limbs</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Models, Biological</topic><topic>Movement disorders</topic><topic>Neurodegenerative diseases</topic><topic>Ontario</topic><topic>Parkinson Disease - complications</topic><topic>Parkinson Disease - physiopathology</topic><topic>Parkinson's disease</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Rehabilitation</topic><topic>Sensory perception</topic><topic>Social and Behavioral Sciences</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Tonic immobility</topic><topic>Walking</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ehgoetz Martens, Kaylena A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pieruccini-Faria, Frederico</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Almeida, Quincy J</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ehgoetz Martens, Kaylena A</au><au>Pieruccini-Faria, Frederico</au><au>Almeida, Quincy J</au><au>Balasubramaniam, Ramesh</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Could sensory mechanisms be a core factor that underlies freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease?</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2013-05-08</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e62602</spage><epage>e62602</epage><pages>e62602-e62602</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>The main objective of this study was to determine how manipulating the amount of sensory information available about the body and surrounding environment influenced freezing of gait (FOG), while walking through a doorway. It was hypothesized that the more limited the sensory information, the greater the occurrence of freezing of gait. Nineteen patients with Parkinsoǹs disease who experience freezing of gait (PD-FOG) walked through a doorway or into open space in complete darkness. The three doorway conditions included: (i) FRAME (DARK)--walking through the remembered door frame; (ii) FRAME--walking through the door with the door frame illuminated; (iii) FRAME+BODY--walking through the door (both the door and the limbs illuminated). Additionally, two conditions of walking away from the doorway included: (iv) NO FRAME (DARK)--walking into open space; (v) NO FRAME+BODY--walking into open space with the limbs illuminated, to evaluate whether perception (or fear) of the doorway might account for FOG behaviour. Key outcome measures included: the number of freezing of gait episodes recorded, total duration of freezing of gait, and the percentage of time spent frozen. Significantly more freezing of gait episodes occurred when participants walked toward the doorway in complete darkness compared to walking into open space (p<0.05). Similar to previous studies, velocity (p<0.001) and step length (p<0.0001) significantly decreased when walking through the door in complete darkness, compared to all other conditions. Significant increases in step width variability were also identified but only when walking into open space (p<0.005). These results support the notion that sensory deficits may have a profound impact on freezing of gait that need to be carefully considered.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>23667499</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0062602</doi><tpages>e62602</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Analysis of Variance Brain research Darkness Doors Feedback Feedback, Sensory - physiology Fog Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic - physiology Gait Gait Disorders, Neurologic - etiology Gait Disorders, Neurologic - physiopathology Humans Limbs Medicine Models, Biological Movement disorders Neurodegenerative diseases Ontario Parkinson Disease - complications Parkinson Disease - physiopathology Parkinson's disease Patients Rehabilitation Sensory perception Social and Behavioral Sciences Studies Tonic immobility Walking |
| title | Could sensory mechanisms be a core factor that underlies freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease? |
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