Frontal GABA levels change during working memory
Functional neuroimaging metrics are thought to reflect changes in neurotransmitter flux, but changes in neurotransmitter levels have not been demonstrated in humans during a cognitive task, and the relationship between neurotransmitter dynamics and hemodynamic activity during cognition has not yet b...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2012-04, Vol.7 (4), p.e31933 |
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| creator | Michels, Lars Martin, Ernst Klaver, Peter Edden, Richard Zelaya, Fernando Lythgoe, David J Lüchinger, Rafael Brandeis, Daniel O'Gorman, Ruth L |
| description | Functional neuroimaging metrics are thought to reflect changes in neurotransmitter flux, but changes in neurotransmitter levels have not been demonstrated in humans during a cognitive task, and the relationship between neurotransmitter dynamics and hemodynamic activity during cognition has not yet been established. We evaluate the concentration of the major inhibitory (GABA) and excitatory (glutamate + glutamine: Glx) neurotransmitters and the cerebral perfusion at rest and during a prolonged delayed match-to-sample working memory task. Resting GABA levels in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex correlated positively with the resting perfusion and inversely with the change in perfusion during the task. Further, only GABA increased significantly during the first working memory run and then decreased continuously across subsequent task runs. The decrease of GABA over time was paralleled by a trend towards decreased reaction times and higher task accuracy. These results demonstrate a link between neurotransmitter dynamics and hemodynamic activity during working memory, indicating that functional neuroimaging metrics depend on the balance of excitation and inhibition required for cognitive processing. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0031933 |
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These results demonstrate a link between neurotransmitter dynamics and hemodynamic activity during working memory, indicating that functional neuroimaging metrics depend on the balance of excitation and inhibition required for cognitive processing.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031933</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22485128</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Analysis of Variance ; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ; Biology ; Blood ; Brain research ; Child & adolescent psychiatry ; Children & youth ; Cognition ; Cognition & reasoning ; Cognitive ability ; Cortex (frontal) ; Cortex (prefrontal) ; Energy consumption ; Female ; GABA ; gamma -Aminobutyric acid ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid - metabolism ; Glutamate ; Glutamic acid ; Glutamic Acid - metabolism ; Glutamine ; Glutamine - metabolism ; Hemodynamics ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Information processing ; Inhibition (psychology) ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Male ; Matching-to-sample ; Medical imaging ; Medical research ; Medicine ; Memory ; Memory, Short-Term ; Mental task performance ; Metabolism ; Metabolites ; Neurobiology ; Neurochemistry ; Neuroimaging ; Neurology ; Neurophysiology ; Neurosciences ; Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism ; Neurotransmitters ; NMR ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Perfusion ; Physiology ; Prefrontal cortex ; Prefrontal Cortex - metabolism ; Reaction Time ; Reaction time task ; Short term memory ; Spectrum analysis ; Studies ; γ-Aminobutyric acid</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2012-04, Vol.7 (4), p.e31933</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2012 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2012 Michels et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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These results demonstrate a link between neurotransmitter dynamics and hemodynamic activity during working memory, indicating that functional neuroimaging metrics depend on the balance of excitation and inhibition required for cognitive processing.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Analysis of Variance</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Brain research</subject><subject>Child & adolescent psychiatry</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Cognition</subject><subject>Cognition & reasoning</subject><subject>Cognitive ability</subject><subject>Cortex (frontal)</subject><subject>Cortex (prefrontal)</subject><subject>Energy consumption</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>GABA</subject><subject>gamma -Aminobutyric acid</subject><subject>gamma-Aminobutyric Acid - metabolism</subject><subject>Glutamate</subject><subject>Glutamic acid</subject><subject>Glutamic Acid - metabolism</subject><subject>Glutamine</subject><subject>Glutamine - metabolism</subject><subject>Hemodynamics</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Information processing</subject><subject>Inhibition (psychology)</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Matching-to-sample</subject><subject>Medical imaging</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Memory</subject><subject>Memory, Short-Term</subject><subject>Mental task performance</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Neurobiology</subject><subject>Neurochemistry</subject><subject>Neuroimaging</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Neurophysiology</subject><subject>Neurosciences</subject><subject>Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism</subject><subject>Neurotransmitters</subject><subject>NMR</subject><subject>Nuclear magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Perfusion</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Prefrontal cortex</subject><subject>Prefrontal Cortex - 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| subjects | Adult Analysis of Variance Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Biology Blood Brain research Child & adolescent psychiatry Children & youth Cognition Cognition & reasoning Cognitive ability Cortex (frontal) Cortex (prefrontal) Energy consumption Female GABA gamma -Aminobutyric acid gamma-Aminobutyric Acid - metabolism Glutamate Glutamic acid Glutamic Acid - metabolism Glutamine Glutamine - metabolism Hemodynamics Hospitals Humans Information processing Inhibition (psychology) Magnetic Resonance Imaging Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Male Matching-to-sample Medical imaging Medical research Medicine Memory Memory, Short-Term Mental task performance Metabolism Metabolites Neurobiology Neurochemistry Neuroimaging Neurology Neurophysiology Neurosciences Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism Neurotransmitters NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Perfusion Physiology Prefrontal cortex Prefrontal Cortex - metabolism Reaction Time Reaction time task Short term memory Spectrum analysis Studies γ-Aminobutyric acid |
| title | Frontal GABA levels change during working memory |
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