Antiplatelet agents can promote two-peaked thrombin generation in platelet rich plasma: mechanism and possible applications
Thrombin generation assay is a convenient and widely used method for analysis of the blood coagulation system status. Thrombin generation curve (TGC) is usually bell-shaped with a single peak, but there are exceptions. In particular, TGC in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can sometimes have two peaks. We...
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| description | Thrombin generation assay is a convenient and widely used method for analysis of the blood coagulation system status. Thrombin generation curve (TGC) is usually bell-shaped with a single peak, but there are exceptions. In particular, TGC in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can sometimes have two peaks.
We sought to understand the mechanism underlying the occurrence of two peaks in the PRP thrombin generation curve.
Tissue factor-induced thrombin generation in PRP and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) was monitored using continuous measurement of the hydrolysis rate of the thrombin-specific fluorogenic substrate Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AMC. Expression of phosphatidylserine (PS) and CD62P on the surface of activated platelets was measured by flow cytometry using corresponding fluorescently labeled markers.
The addition of the P(2)Y(12) receptor antagonist MeS-AMP (160 µM), 83 nM prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)), or 1.6% DMSO to PRP caused the appearance of two peaks in the TGC. The PS exposure after thrombin activation on washed platelets in a suspension supplemented with DMSO, PGE(1) or MeS-AMP was delayed, which could indicate mechanism of the second peak formation. Supplementation of PRP with 1.6% DMSO plus 830 nM PGE(1) mediated the disappearance of the second peak and decreased the amplitude of the first peak. Increasing the platelet concentration in the PRP promoted the consolidation of the two peaks into one.
Procoagulant tenase and prothrombinase complexes in PRP assemble on phospholipid surfaces containing PS of two types--plasma lipoproteins and the surface of activated platelets. Thrombin generation in the PRP can be two-peaked. The second peak appears in the presence of platelet antagonists as a result of delayed PS expression on platelets, which leads to delayed assembly of the membrane-dependent procoagulant complexes and a second wave of thrombin generation. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0055688 |
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We sought to understand the mechanism underlying the occurrence of two peaks in the PRP thrombin generation curve.
Tissue factor-induced thrombin generation in PRP and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) was monitored using continuous measurement of the hydrolysis rate of the thrombin-specific fluorogenic substrate Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AMC. Expression of phosphatidylserine (PS) and CD62P on the surface of activated platelets was measured by flow cytometry using corresponding fluorescently labeled markers.
The addition of the P(2)Y(12) receptor antagonist MeS-AMP (160 µM), 83 nM prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)), or 1.6% DMSO to PRP caused the appearance of two peaks in the TGC. The PS exposure after thrombin activation on washed platelets in a suspension supplemented with DMSO, PGE(1) or MeS-AMP was delayed, which could indicate mechanism of the second peak formation. Supplementation of PRP with 1.6% DMSO plus 830 nM PGE(1) mediated the disappearance of the second peak and decreased the amplitude of the first peak. Increasing the platelet concentration in the PRP promoted the consolidation of the two peaks into one.
Procoagulant tenase and prothrombinase complexes in PRP assemble on phospholipid surfaces containing PS of two types--plasma lipoproteins and the surface of activated platelets. Thrombin generation in the PRP can be two-peaked. The second peak appears in the presence of platelet antagonists as a result of delayed PS expression on platelets, which leads to delayed assembly of the membrane-dependent procoagulant complexes and a second wave of thrombin generation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055688</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23405196</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Alprostadil - pharmacology ; Anticoagulants ; Biochemistry ; Biology ; Biophysics ; Blood coagulation ; Blood lipids ; Blood platelets ; Coagulation ; Consolidation ; Coumarins - pharmacology ; Cytometry ; Factor V - drug effects ; Factor Xa - drug effects ; Flow Cytometry ; Glycine ; Hematology ; Hemostatics - pharmacology ; Humans ; Hydrolysis ; Immunology ; Kinases ; Laboratories ; Lipoproteins ; Medicine ; Oligopeptides - pharmacology ; P-Selectin - metabolism ; Pain ; Pediatrics ; Pharmacology ; Phosphatidylserine ; Phosphatidylserines - metabolism ; Phospholipids ; Plasma ; Platelet Activation - drug effects ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors - pharmacology ; Platelet-Rich Plasma - drug effects ; Platelet-Rich Plasma - metabolism ; Platelets ; Prostaglandin E1 ; Prothrombinase ; Studies ; Substrates ; Supplementation ; Thrombin ; Thrombin - metabolism ; Thromboplastin - pharmacology ; Thrombosis ; Tissue factor</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2013-02, Vol.8 (2), p.e55688-e55688</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2013 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2013 Tarandovskiy et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2013 Tarandovskiy et al 2013 Tarandovskiy et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-e7d2b279a3ad222652b327e950771453a46a310d5b774ba2c88445088c873fe33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-e7d2b279a3ad222652b327e950771453a46a310d5b774ba2c88445088c873fe33</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3566002/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3566002/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,728,781,785,865,886,2103,2929,23871,27929,27930,53796,53798</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23405196$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Lenting, Peter J.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Tarandovskiy, Ivan D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Artemenko, Elena O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Panteleev, Mikhail A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sinauridze, Elena I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ataullakhanov, Fazoil I</creatorcontrib><title>Antiplatelet agents can promote two-peaked thrombin generation in platelet rich plasma: mechanism and possible applications</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Thrombin generation assay is a convenient and widely used method for analysis of the blood coagulation system status. Thrombin generation curve (TGC) is usually bell-shaped with a single peak, but there are exceptions. In particular, TGC in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can sometimes have two peaks.
We sought to understand the mechanism underlying the occurrence of two peaks in the PRP thrombin generation curve.
Tissue factor-induced thrombin generation in PRP and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) was monitored using continuous measurement of the hydrolysis rate of the thrombin-specific fluorogenic substrate Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AMC. Expression of phosphatidylserine (PS) and CD62P on the surface of activated platelets was measured by flow cytometry using corresponding fluorescently labeled markers.
The addition of the P(2)Y(12) receptor antagonist MeS-AMP (160 µM), 83 nM prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)), or 1.6% DMSO to PRP caused the appearance of two peaks in the TGC. The PS exposure after thrombin activation on washed platelets in a suspension supplemented with DMSO, PGE(1) or MeS-AMP was delayed, which could indicate mechanism of the second peak formation. Supplementation of PRP with 1.6% DMSO plus 830 nM PGE(1) mediated the disappearance of the second peak and decreased the amplitude of the first peak. Increasing the platelet concentration in the PRP promoted the consolidation of the two peaks into one.
Procoagulant tenase and prothrombinase complexes in PRP assemble on phospholipid surfaces containing PS of two types--plasma lipoproteins and the surface of activated platelets. Thrombin generation in the PRP can be two-peaked. The second peak appears in the presence of platelet antagonists as a result of delayed PS expression on platelets, which leads to delayed assembly of the membrane-dependent procoagulant complexes and a second wave of thrombin generation.</description><subject>Alprostadil - pharmacology</subject><subject>Anticoagulants</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Biophysics</subject><subject>Blood coagulation</subject><subject>Blood lipids</subject><subject>Blood platelets</subject><subject>Coagulation</subject><subject>Consolidation</subject><subject>Coumarins - pharmacology</subject><subject>Cytometry</subject><subject>Factor V - drug effects</subject><subject>Factor Xa - drug effects</subject><subject>Flow Cytometry</subject><subject>Glycine</subject><subject>Hematology</subject><subject>Hemostatics - pharmacology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hydrolysis</subject><subject>Immunology</subject><subject>Kinases</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Lipoproteins</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Oligopeptides - pharmacology</subject><subject>P-Selectin - metabolism</subject><subject>Pain</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Pharmacology</subject><subject>Phosphatidylserine</subject><subject>Phosphatidylserines - metabolism</subject><subject>Phospholipids</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Platelet Activation - drug effects</subject><subject>Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors - pharmacology</subject><subject>Platelet-Rich Plasma - drug effects</subject><subject>Platelet-Rich Plasma - metabolism</subject><subject>Platelets</subject><subject>Prostaglandin E1</subject><subject>Prothrombinase</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Substrates</subject><subject>Supplementation</subject><subject>Thrombin</subject><subject>Thrombin - metabolism</subject><subject>Thromboplastin - pharmacology</subject><subject>Thrombosis</subject><subject>Tissue factor</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk1uL1DAUx4so7rr6DUQLgujDjLm0TeqDMCxeBhYWvL2G0zSdZkyT2qRe8MubmekOU9kH6UOa09__n5PTc5LkMUZLTBl-tXXjYMEse2fVEqE8Lzi_k5zjkpJFQRC9e_J-ljzwfhshyovifnJGaIZyXBbnyZ-VDbo3EJRRIYWNssGnEmzaD65zQaXhp1v0Cr6pOg1tjFXappFSAwTtbBp3R_WgZbvb-Q5ep52SLVjtuxRsnfbOe10ZlULfGy33Wv8wudeA8erRtF4kX969_Xz5YXF1_X59ubpaSJbzsFCsJhVhJVCoCSFFTipKmCpzxBjOcgpZARSjOq8YyyogkvMsyxHnkjPaKEovkqcH3944L6a6eYEpRZzxaBmJ9YGoHWxFP-gOht_CgRb7gBs2AoagpVGilrypC8oaWqKMqLKkkKOG5ggaHK1k9HoznTZWnaplrOgAZmY6_2J1Kzbuh6B5USC0S-bFZDC476PyQXTaS2UMWOXGmDeJWfMClzyiz_5Bb7_dRG0gXkDbxsVz5c5UrDLGM0xLiiO1vIWKT606LWOTNTrGZ4KXM0FkgvoVNjB6L9afPv4_e_11zj4_YVsFJrTemXHfM3MwO4ByiO01qOZYZIzEbkZuqiF2MyKmGYmyJ6c_6Ci6GQr6F9nEDKE</recordid><startdate>20130206</startdate><enddate>20130206</enddate><creator>Tarandovskiy, Ivan D</creator><creator>Artemenko, Elena O</creator><creator>Panteleev, Mikhail A</creator><creator>Sinauridze, Elena I</creator><creator>Ataullakhanov, Fazoil I</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130206</creationdate><title>Antiplatelet agents can promote two-peaked thrombin generation in platelet rich plasma: mechanism and possible applications</title><author>Tarandovskiy, Ivan D ; Artemenko, Elena O ; Panteleev, Mikhail A ; Sinauridze, Elena I ; Ataullakhanov, Fazoil I</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-e7d2b279a3ad222652b327e950771453a46a310d5b774ba2c88445088c873fe33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Alprostadil - pharmacology</topic><topic>Anticoagulants</topic><topic>Biochemistry</topic><topic>Biology</topic><topic>Biophysics</topic><topic>Blood coagulation</topic><topic>Blood lipids</topic><topic>Blood platelets</topic><topic>Coagulation</topic><topic>Consolidation</topic><topic>Coumarins - pharmacology</topic><topic>Cytometry</topic><topic>Factor V - drug effects</topic><topic>Factor Xa - drug effects</topic><topic>Flow Cytometry</topic><topic>Glycine</topic><topic>Hematology</topic><topic>Hemostatics - pharmacology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hydrolysis</topic><topic>Immunology</topic><topic>Kinases</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Lipoproteins</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Oligopeptides - pharmacology</topic><topic>P-Selectin - metabolism</topic><topic>Pain</topic><topic>Pediatrics</topic><topic>Pharmacology</topic><topic>Phosphatidylserine</topic><topic>Phosphatidylserines - metabolism</topic><topic>Phospholipids</topic><topic>Plasma</topic><topic>Platelet Activation - drug effects</topic><topic>Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors - pharmacology</topic><topic>Platelet-Rich Plasma - drug effects</topic><topic>Platelet-Rich Plasma - metabolism</topic><topic>Platelets</topic><topic>Prostaglandin E1</topic><topic>Prothrombinase</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Substrates</topic><topic>Supplementation</topic><topic>Thrombin</topic><topic>Thrombin - metabolism</topic><topic>Thromboplastin - pharmacology</topic><topic>Thrombosis</topic><topic>Tissue factor</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tarandovskiy, Ivan D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Artemenko, Elena O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Panteleev, Mikhail A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sinauridze, Elena I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ataullakhanov, Fazoil I</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tarandovskiy, Ivan D</au><au>Artemenko, Elena O</au><au>Panteleev, Mikhail A</au><au>Sinauridze, Elena I</au><au>Ataullakhanov, Fazoil I</au><au>Lenting, Peter J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Antiplatelet agents can promote two-peaked thrombin generation in platelet rich plasma: mechanism and possible applications</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2013-02-06</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>e55688</spage><epage>e55688</epage><pages>e55688-e55688</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Thrombin generation assay is a convenient and widely used method for analysis of the blood coagulation system status. Thrombin generation curve (TGC) is usually bell-shaped with a single peak, but there are exceptions. In particular, TGC in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can sometimes have two peaks.
We sought to understand the mechanism underlying the occurrence of two peaks in the PRP thrombin generation curve.
Tissue factor-induced thrombin generation in PRP and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) was monitored using continuous measurement of the hydrolysis rate of the thrombin-specific fluorogenic substrate Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AMC. Expression of phosphatidylserine (PS) and CD62P on the surface of activated platelets was measured by flow cytometry using corresponding fluorescently labeled markers.
The addition of the P(2)Y(12) receptor antagonist MeS-AMP (160 µM), 83 nM prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)), or 1.6% DMSO to PRP caused the appearance of two peaks in the TGC. The PS exposure after thrombin activation on washed platelets in a suspension supplemented with DMSO, PGE(1) or MeS-AMP was delayed, which could indicate mechanism of the second peak formation. Supplementation of PRP with 1.6% DMSO plus 830 nM PGE(1) mediated the disappearance of the second peak and decreased the amplitude of the first peak. Increasing the platelet concentration in the PRP promoted the consolidation of the two peaks into one.
Procoagulant tenase and prothrombinase complexes in PRP assemble on phospholipid surfaces containing PS of two types--plasma lipoproteins and the surface of activated platelets. Thrombin generation in the PRP can be two-peaked. The second peak appears in the presence of platelet antagonists as a result of delayed PS expression on platelets, which leads to delayed assembly of the membrane-dependent procoagulant complexes and a second wave of thrombin generation.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>23405196</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0055688</doi><tpages>e55688</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1330878222 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Alprostadil - pharmacology Anticoagulants Biochemistry Biology Biophysics Blood coagulation Blood lipids Blood platelets Coagulation Consolidation Coumarins - pharmacology Cytometry Factor V - drug effects Factor Xa - drug effects Flow Cytometry Glycine Hematology Hemostatics - pharmacology Humans Hydrolysis Immunology Kinases Laboratories Lipoproteins Medicine Oligopeptides - pharmacology P-Selectin - metabolism Pain Pediatrics Pharmacology Phosphatidylserine Phosphatidylserines - metabolism Phospholipids Plasma Platelet Activation - drug effects Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors - pharmacology Platelet-Rich Plasma - drug effects Platelet-Rich Plasma - metabolism Platelets Prostaglandin E1 Prothrombinase Studies Substrates Supplementation Thrombin Thrombin - metabolism Thromboplastin - pharmacology Thrombosis Tissue factor |
| title | Antiplatelet agents can promote two-peaked thrombin generation in platelet rich plasma: mechanism and possible applications |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-12T15%3A18%3A38IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Antiplatelet%20agents%20can%20promote%20two-peaked%20thrombin%20generation%20in%20platelet%20rich%20plasma:%20mechanism%20and%20possible%20applications&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Tarandovskiy,%20Ivan%20D&rft.date=2013-02-06&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=e55688&rft.epage=e55688&rft.pages=e55688-e55688&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0055688&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA478413931%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1330878222&rft_id=info:pmid/23405196&rft_galeid=A478413931&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_dc8fd637f39042e993a50f350af1222c&rfr_iscdi=true |