Structural and functional insights from the metagenome of an acidic hot spring microbial planktonic community in the Colombian Andes
A taxonomic and annotated functional description of microbial life was deduced from 53 Mb of metagenomic sequence retrieved from a planktonic fraction of the Neotropical high Andean (3,973 meters above sea level) acidic hot spring El Coquito (EC). A classification of unassembled metagenomic reads us...
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description | A taxonomic and annotated functional description of microbial life was deduced from 53 Mb of metagenomic sequence retrieved from a planktonic fraction of the Neotropical high Andean (3,973 meters above sea level) acidic hot spring El Coquito (EC). A classification of unassembled metagenomic reads using different databases showed a high proportion of Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria (in total read affiliation), and through taxonomic affiliation of 16S rRNA gene fragments we observed the presence of Proteobacteria, micro-algae chloroplast and Firmicutes. Reads mapped against the genomes Acidiphilium cryptum JF-5, Legionella pneumophila str. Corby and Acidithiobacillus caldus revealed the presence of transposase-like sequences, potentially involved in horizontal gene transfer. Functional annotation and hierarchical comparison with different datasets obtained by pyrosequencing in different ecosystems showed that the microbial community also contained extensive DNA repair systems, possibly to cope with ultraviolet radiation at such high altitudes. Analysis of genes involved in the nitrogen cycle indicated the presence of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to N2 (narGHI, nirS, norBCDQ and nosZ), associated with Proteobacteria-like sequences. Genes involved in the sulfur cycle (cysDN, cysNC and aprA) indicated adenylsulfate and sulfite production that were affiliated to several bacterial species. In summary, metagenomic sequence data provided insight regarding the structure and possible functions of this hot spring microbial community, describing some groups potentially involved in the nitrogen and sulfur cycling in this environment. |
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A classification of unassembled metagenomic reads using different databases showed a high proportion of Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria (in total read affiliation), and through taxonomic affiliation of 16S rRNA gene fragments we observed the presence of Proteobacteria, micro-algae chloroplast and Firmicutes. Reads mapped against the genomes Acidiphilium cryptum JF-5, Legionella pneumophila str. Corby and Acidithiobacillus caldus revealed the presence of transposase-like sequences, potentially involved in horizontal gene transfer. Functional annotation and hierarchical comparison with different datasets obtained by pyrosequencing in different ecosystems showed that the microbial community also contained extensive DNA repair systems, possibly to cope with ultraviolet radiation at such high altitudes. Analysis of genes involved in the nitrogen cycle indicated the presence of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to N2 (narGHI, nirS, norBCDQ and nosZ), associated with Proteobacteria-like sequences. Genes involved in the sulfur cycle (cysDN, cysNC and aprA) indicated adenylsulfate and sulfite production that were affiliated to several bacterial species. In summary, metagenomic sequence data provided insight regarding the structure and possible functions of this hot spring microbial community, describing some groups potentially involved in the nitrogen and sulfur cycling in this environment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052069</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23251687</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Algae ; Annotations ; Bacteria ; Bacteria - classification ; Bacteria - genetics ; Biogeochemical cycles ; Bioinformatics ; Biology ; Chloroplasts - genetics ; Communities ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; DNA repair ; Ecology ; Ecosystem ; Ecosystems ; Gene sequencing ; Gene transfer ; Gene Transfer, Horizontal ; Genes ; Genetics ; Genomes ; Genomics ; High-altitude environments ; Hot springs ; Hot Springs - microbiology ; Legionnaires' disease bacterium ; Measuring instruments ; Metagenome ; Microalgae - genetics ; Microorganisms ; National parks ; Nitrate reduction ; Nitrification ; Nitrogen ; Nitrogen cycle ; Plankton - classification ; Plankton - genetics ; Proteobacteria ; RNA ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics ; rRNA 16S ; Sea level ; Sequence Analysis, DNA - methods ; Soil sciences ; Structure-function relationships ; Studies ; Sulfite ; Sulfur ; Sulfur compounds ; Sulfur cycle ; Taxonomy ; Transposase ; U.V. radiation ; Ultraviolet radiation</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2012-12, Vol.7 (12), p.e52069</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2012 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2012 Jiménez et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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A classification of unassembled metagenomic reads using different databases showed a high proportion of Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria (in total read affiliation), and through taxonomic affiliation of 16S rRNA gene fragments we observed the presence of Proteobacteria, micro-algae chloroplast and Firmicutes. Reads mapped against the genomes Acidiphilium cryptum JF-5, Legionella pneumophila str. Corby and Acidithiobacillus caldus revealed the presence of transposase-like sequences, potentially involved in horizontal gene transfer. Functional annotation and hierarchical comparison with different datasets obtained by pyrosequencing in different ecosystems showed that the microbial community also contained extensive DNA repair systems, possibly to cope with ultraviolet radiation at such high altitudes. Analysis of genes involved in the nitrogen cycle indicated the presence of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to N2 (narGHI, nirS, norBCDQ and nosZ), associated with Proteobacteria-like sequences. Genes involved in the sulfur cycle (cysDN, cysNC and aprA) indicated adenylsulfate and sulfite production that were affiliated to several bacterial species. In summary, metagenomic sequence data provided insight regarding the structure and possible functions of this hot spring microbial community, describing some groups potentially involved in the nitrogen and sulfur cycling in this environment.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>23251687</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0052069</doi><tpages>e52069</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
subjects | Algae Annotations Bacteria Bacteria - classification Bacteria - genetics Biogeochemical cycles Bioinformatics Biology Chloroplasts - genetics Communities Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA repair Ecology Ecosystem Ecosystems Gene sequencing Gene transfer Gene Transfer, Horizontal Genes Genetics Genomes Genomics High-altitude environments Hot springs Hot Springs - microbiology Legionnaires' disease bacterium Measuring instruments Metagenome Microalgae - genetics Microorganisms National parks Nitrate reduction Nitrification Nitrogen Nitrogen cycle Plankton - classification Plankton - genetics Proteobacteria RNA RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics rRNA 16S Sea level Sequence Analysis, DNA - methods Soil sciences Structure-function relationships Studies Sulfite Sulfur Sulfur compounds Sulfur cycle Taxonomy Transposase U.V. radiation Ultraviolet radiation |
title | Structural and functional insights from the metagenome of an acidic hot spring microbial planktonic community in the Colombian Andes |
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