Reliability and validity of quantifying absolute muscle hardness using ultrasound elastography
Muscle hardness is a mechanical property that represents transverse muscle stiffness. A quantitative method that uses ultrasound elastography for quantifying absolute human muscle hardness has been previously devised; however, its reliability and validity have not been completely verified. This stud...
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| description | Muscle hardness is a mechanical property that represents transverse muscle stiffness. A quantitative method that uses ultrasound elastography for quantifying absolute human muscle hardness has been previously devised; however, its reliability and validity have not been completely verified. This study aimed to verify the reliability and validity of this quantitative method. The Young's moduli of seven tissue-mimicking materials (in vitro; Young's modulus range, 20-80 kPa; increments of 10 kPa) and the human medial gastrocnemius muscle (in vivo) were quantified using ultrasound elastography. On the basis of the strain/Young's modulus ratio of two reference materials, one hard and one soft (Young's moduli of 7 and 30 kPa, respectively), the Young's moduli of the tissue-mimicking materials and medial gastrocnemius muscle were calculated. The intra- and inter-investigator reliability of the method was confirmed on the basis of acceptably low coefficient of variations (≤6.9%) and substantially high intraclass correlation coefficients (≥0.77) obtained from all measurements. The correlation coefficient between the Young's moduli of the tissue-mimicking materials obtained using a mechanical method and ultrasound elastography was 0.996, which was equivalent to values previously obtained using magnetic resonance elastography. The Young's moduli of the medial gastrocnemius muscle obtained using ultrasound elastography were within the range of values previously obtained using magnetic resonance elastography. The reliability and validity of the quantitative method for measuring absolute muscle hardness using ultrasound elastography were thus verified. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0045764 |
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A quantitative method that uses ultrasound elastography for quantifying absolute human muscle hardness has been previously devised; however, its reliability and validity have not been completely verified. This study aimed to verify the reliability and validity of this quantitative method. The Young's moduli of seven tissue-mimicking materials (in vitro; Young's modulus range, 20-80 kPa; increments of 10 kPa) and the human medial gastrocnemius muscle (in vivo) were quantified using ultrasound elastography. On the basis of the strain/Young's modulus ratio of two reference materials, one hard and one soft (Young's moduli of 7 and 30 kPa, respectively), the Young's moduli of the tissue-mimicking materials and medial gastrocnemius muscle were calculated. The intra- and inter-investigator reliability of the method was confirmed on the basis of acceptably low coefficient of variations (≤6.9%) and substantially high intraclass correlation coefficients (≥0.77) obtained from all measurements. The correlation coefficient between the Young's moduli of the tissue-mimicking materials obtained using a mechanical method and ultrasound elastography was 0.996, which was equivalent to values previously obtained using magnetic resonance elastography. The Young's moduli of the medial gastrocnemius muscle obtained using ultrasound elastography were within the range of values previously obtained using magnetic resonance elastography. The reliability and validity of the quantitative method for measuring absolute muscle hardness using ultrasound elastography were thus verified.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045764</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23029231</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Biology ; Biomimetic Materials - analysis ; Correlation ; Correlation analysis ; Correlation coefficient ; Correlation coefficients ; Elastic Modulus ; Elasticity Imaging Techniques ; Experiments ; Gastrocnemius muscle ; Hardness ; Hardness Tests - standards ; Humans ; Life sciences ; Magnetic resonance ; Male ; Mathematical analysis ; Mechanical properties ; Medicine ; Methods ; Mimicry ; Modulus of elasticity ; Muscle, Skeletal - diagnostic imaging ; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology ; Muscles ; Physics ; Reference materials ; Reference Standards ; Reliability ; Reproducibility of Results ; Resonance ; Stiffness ; Ultrasonic imaging ; Ultrasonic methods ; Ultrasonic testing ; Ultrasound ; Validity ; Velocity ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2012-09, Vol.7 (9), p.e45764-e45764</ispartof><rights>Chino et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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A quantitative method that uses ultrasound elastography for quantifying absolute human muscle hardness has been previously devised; however, its reliability and validity have not been completely verified. This study aimed to verify the reliability and validity of this quantitative method. The Young's moduli of seven tissue-mimicking materials (in vitro; Young's modulus range, 20-80 kPa; increments of 10 kPa) and the human medial gastrocnemius muscle (in vivo) were quantified using ultrasound elastography. On the basis of the strain/Young's modulus ratio of two reference materials, one hard and one soft (Young's moduli of 7 and 30 kPa, respectively), the Young's moduli of the tissue-mimicking materials and medial gastrocnemius muscle were calculated. The intra- and inter-investigator reliability of the method was confirmed on the basis of acceptably low coefficient of variations (≤6.9%) and substantially high intraclass correlation coefficients (≥0.77) obtained from all measurements. The correlation coefficient between the Young's moduli of the tissue-mimicking materials obtained using a mechanical method and ultrasound elastography was 0.996, which was equivalent to values previously obtained using magnetic resonance elastography. The Young's moduli of the medial gastrocnemius muscle obtained using ultrasound elastography were within the range of values previously obtained using magnetic resonance elastography. The reliability and validity of the quantitative method for measuring absolute muscle hardness using ultrasound elastography were thus verified.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Biomimetic Materials - analysis</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Correlation analysis</subject><subject>Correlation coefficient</subject><subject>Correlation coefficients</subject><subject>Elastic Modulus</subject><subject>Elasticity Imaging Techniques</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Gastrocnemius muscle</subject><subject>Hardness</subject><subject>Hardness Tests - standards</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Life sciences</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Mimicry</subject><subject>Modulus of elasticity</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chino, Kentaro</au><au>Akagi, Ryota</au><au>Dohi, Michiko</au><au>Fukashiro, Senshi</au><au>Takahashi, Hideyuki</au><au>Aegerter, Christof Markus</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Reliability and validity of quantifying absolute muscle hardness using ultrasound elastography</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2012-09-21</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>7</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>e45764</spage><epage>e45764</epage><pages>e45764-e45764</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Muscle hardness is a mechanical property that represents transverse muscle stiffness. A quantitative method that uses ultrasound elastography for quantifying absolute human muscle hardness has been previously devised; however, its reliability and validity have not been completely verified. This study aimed to verify the reliability and validity of this quantitative method. The Young's moduli of seven tissue-mimicking materials (in vitro; Young's modulus range, 20-80 kPa; increments of 10 kPa) and the human medial gastrocnemius muscle (in vivo) were quantified using ultrasound elastography. On the basis of the strain/Young's modulus ratio of two reference materials, one hard and one soft (Young's moduli of 7 and 30 kPa, respectively), the Young's moduli of the tissue-mimicking materials and medial gastrocnemius muscle were calculated. The intra- and inter-investigator reliability of the method was confirmed on the basis of acceptably low coefficient of variations (≤6.9%) and substantially high intraclass correlation coefficients (≥0.77) obtained from all measurements. The correlation coefficient between the Young's moduli of the tissue-mimicking materials obtained using a mechanical method and ultrasound elastography was 0.996, which was equivalent to values previously obtained using magnetic resonance elastography. The Young's moduli of the medial gastrocnemius muscle obtained using ultrasound elastography were within the range of values previously obtained using magnetic resonance elastography. The reliability and validity of the quantitative method for measuring absolute muscle hardness using ultrasound elastography were thus verified.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>23029231</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0045764</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Biology Biomimetic Materials - analysis Correlation Correlation analysis Correlation coefficient Correlation coefficients Elastic Modulus Elasticity Imaging Techniques Experiments Gastrocnemius muscle Hardness Hardness Tests - standards Humans Life sciences Magnetic resonance Male Mathematical analysis Mechanical properties Medicine Methods Mimicry Modulus of elasticity Muscle, Skeletal - diagnostic imaging Muscle, Skeletal - physiology Muscles Physics Reference materials Reference Standards Reliability Reproducibility of Results Resonance Stiffness Ultrasonic imaging Ultrasonic methods Ultrasonic testing Ultrasound Validity Velocity Young Adult |
| title | Reliability and validity of quantifying absolute muscle hardness using ultrasound elastography |
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