Sex allocation in California oaks: trade-offs or resource tracking?
Trade-offs in sex resource allocation are commonly inferred from a negative correlation between male and female reproduction. We found that for three California oak species, aboveground annual net productivity (ANP) differences among individuals were primarily correlated with water availability and...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2012-08, Vol.7 (8), p.e43492-e43492 |
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| description | Trade-offs in sex resource allocation are commonly inferred from a negative correlation between male and female reproduction. We found that for three California oak species, aboveground annual net productivity (ANP) differences among individuals were primarily correlated with water availability and soil fertility. Reproductive biomass increased with ANP, but the relative allocation to reproduction was constant, indicating that reproduction tracked productivity, which in turn tracked site quality. Although there was a negative correlation between male and female reproduction, this was not the result of a resource investment trade-off, but rather a byproduct of the positive correlation between female reproductive biomass and ANP combined with the greater overall resource allocation to female, compared to male, function. Thus, we reject the hypothesis of a trade-off between these key life-history components within individuals of these species. For long-lived individuals, a plastic resource tracking response to environmental fluctuations may be more adaptive than directly linking life-history traits through trade-offs. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0043492 |
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We found that for three California oak species, aboveground annual net productivity (ANP) differences among individuals were primarily correlated with water availability and soil fertility. Reproductive biomass increased with ANP, but the relative allocation to reproduction was constant, indicating that reproduction tracked productivity, which in turn tracked site quality. Although there was a negative correlation between male and female reproduction, this was not the result of a resource investment trade-off, but rather a byproduct of the positive correlation between female reproductive biomass and ANP combined with the greater overall resource allocation to female, compared to male, function. Thus, we reject the hypothesis of a trade-off between these key life-history components within individuals of these species. For long-lived individuals, a plastic resource tracking response to environmental fluctuations may be more adaptive than directly linking life-history traits through trade-offs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043492</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22952692</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Biological Evolution ; Biology ; Biomass ; California ; Correlation ; Efficiency ; Environment ; Environmental aspects ; Females ; Hypotheses ; Life history ; Magnoliophyta ; Males ; Models, Genetic ; Neurosciences ; Oaks ; Phenotype ; Physiological aspects ; Plant Physiological Phenomena ; Plant reproduction ; Plant sciences ; Plastics ; Productivity ; Quercus ; Quercus - genetics ; Quercus lobata ; Reproduction ; Reproduction (biology) ; Reproduction - physiology ; Resource allocation ; Seeds ; Sex ; Sexual reproduction ; Soil ; Soil fertility ; Soil sciences ; Soil water ; Tracking ; Tradeoffs ; Trees ; Water ; Water availability</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2012-08, Vol.7 (8), p.e43492-e43492</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2012 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>Knops, Koenig. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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We found that for three California oak species, aboveground annual net productivity (ANP) differences among individuals were primarily correlated with water availability and soil fertility. Reproductive biomass increased with ANP, but the relative allocation to reproduction was constant, indicating that reproduction tracked productivity, which in turn tracked site quality. Although there was a negative correlation between male and female reproduction, this was not the result of a resource investment trade-off, but rather a byproduct of the positive correlation between female reproductive biomass and ANP combined with the greater overall resource allocation to female, compared to male, function. Thus, we reject the hypothesis of a trade-off between these key life-history components within individuals of these species. For long-lived individuals, a plastic resource tracking response to environmental fluctuations may be more adaptive than directly linking life-history traits through trade-offs.</description><subject>Biological Evolution</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>California</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Efficiency</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental aspects</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Hypotheses</subject><subject>Life history</subject><subject>Magnoliophyta</subject><subject>Males</subject><subject>Models, Genetic</subject><subject>Neurosciences</subject><subject>Oaks</subject><subject>Phenotype</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Plant Physiological Phenomena</subject><subject>Plant reproduction</subject><subject>Plant sciences</subject><subject>Plastics</subject><subject>Productivity</subject><subject>Quercus</subject><subject>Quercus - genetics</subject><subject>Quercus lobata</subject><subject>Reproduction</subject><subject>Reproduction (biology)</subject><subject>Reproduction - physiology</subject><subject>Resource allocation</subject><subject>Seeds</subject><subject>Sex</subject><subject>Sexual reproduction</subject><subject>Soil</subject><subject>Soil fertility</subject><subject>Soil sciences</subject><subject>Soil water</subject><subject>Tracking</subject><subject>Tradeoffs</subject><subject>Trees</subject><subject>Water</subject><subject>Water availability</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkk1v1DAQhiMEoqXwDxBEQkJw2MWfic0BVK2ArlSpEgWulpOMd731xls7QeXf47Bptal6QD7YGT_zTsbzZtlLjOaYlvjDxveh1W6-8y3MEWKUSfIoO8aSkllBEH18cD7KnsW4QYhTURRPsyNCJCeFJMfZ4hJucu2cr3VnfZvbNl9oZ40PrdW511fxY94F3cDMGxNzH_IAMVWuYQjXV7ZdfX6ePTHaRXgx7ifZz69ffizOZucX35aL0_NZnUp1M9E0RJYcGcGx0EYWAldEU1kVTANCVUUanr6oYCUCKipuSkwRMANIaCY1Pcle73V3zkc19h8VpqRgHHHOE7HcE43XG7ULdqvDH-W1Vf8CPqyUDp2tHahGc0SbkpXcSGYKPJRrcC0Z8NJQDEnr01itr7bQ1NCmht1EdHrT2rVa-d-KMiJoIZLAu1Eg-OseYqe2NtbgnG7B9-m_UZoGKnlZJPTNPfTh7kZqpVMDtjV-GMEgqk6ZFIRxjGmi5g9QaTWwtXUyi7EpPkl4P0lITAc33Ur3Marl5ff_Zy9-Tdm3B-watOvW0bt-8FmcgmwP1sHHGMDcPTJGavD67Wuowetq9HpKe3U4oLukW3PTv7xy91o</recordid><startdate>20120827</startdate><enddate>20120827</enddate><creator>Knops, Johannes M H</creator><creator>Koenig, Walter D</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120827</creationdate><title>Sex allocation in California oaks: trade-offs or resource tracking?</title><author>Knops, Johannes M H ; Koenig, Walter D</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-8dd29750f8518af9681b2a39b64ae00bb2d539b38470e38b5f7130e4fe08a49a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Biological Evolution</topic><topic>Biology</topic><topic>Biomass</topic><topic>California</topic><topic>Correlation</topic><topic>Efficiency</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental aspects</topic><topic>Females</topic><topic>Hypotheses</topic><topic>Life history</topic><topic>Magnoliophyta</topic><topic>Males</topic><topic>Models, Genetic</topic><topic>Neurosciences</topic><topic>Oaks</topic><topic>Phenotype</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Plant Physiological Phenomena</topic><topic>Plant reproduction</topic><topic>Plant sciences</topic><topic>Plastics</topic><topic>Productivity</topic><topic>Quercus</topic><topic>Quercus - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Knops, Johannes M H</au><au>Koenig, Walter D</au><au>Kytöviita, Minna-Maarit</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Sex allocation in California oaks: trade-offs or resource tracking?</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2012-08-27</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>7</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>e43492</spage><epage>e43492</epage><pages>e43492-e43492</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Trade-offs in sex resource allocation are commonly inferred from a negative correlation between male and female reproduction. We found that for three California oak species, aboveground annual net productivity (ANP) differences among individuals were primarily correlated with water availability and soil fertility. Reproductive biomass increased with ANP, but the relative allocation to reproduction was constant, indicating that reproduction tracked productivity, which in turn tracked site quality. Although there was a negative correlation between male and female reproduction, this was not the result of a resource investment trade-off, but rather a byproduct of the positive correlation between female reproductive biomass and ANP combined with the greater overall resource allocation to female, compared to male, function. Thus, we reject the hypothesis of a trade-off between these key life-history components within individuals of these species. For long-lived individuals, a plastic resource tracking response to environmental fluctuations may be more adaptive than directly linking life-history traits through trade-offs.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>22952692</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0043492</doi><tpages>e43492</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Biological Evolution Biology Biomass California Correlation Efficiency Environment Environmental aspects Females Hypotheses Life history Magnoliophyta Males Models, Genetic Neurosciences Oaks Phenotype Physiological aspects Plant Physiological Phenomena Plant reproduction Plant sciences Plastics Productivity Quercus Quercus - genetics Quercus lobata Reproduction Reproduction (biology) Reproduction - physiology Resource allocation Seeds Sex Sexual reproduction Soil Soil fertility Soil sciences Soil water Tracking Tradeoffs Trees Water Water availability |
| title | Sex allocation in California oaks: trade-offs or resource tracking? |
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