Use of national and international growth charts for studying height in European children: development of up-to-date European height-for-age charts
Growth charts based on data collected in different populations and time periods are key tools to assess children's linear growth. We analyzed the impact of geographic factors and the secular trend on height-for-age charts currently used in European populations, developed up-to-date European gro...
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description | Growth charts based on data collected in different populations and time periods are key tools to assess children's linear growth. We analyzed the impact of geographic factors and the secular trend on height-for-age charts currently used in European populations, developed up-to-date European growth charts, and studied the effect of using different charts in a sample of growth retarded children.
In an international survey we obtained 18 unique national height-for-age charts from 28 European countries and compared them with charts from the World Health Organization (WHO), Euro-Growth reference, and Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). As an example, we obtained height data from 3,534 children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) from 13 countries via the ESPN/ERA-EDTA registry, a patient group generally suffering from growth retardation. National growth charts showed a clear secular trend in height (mean height increased on average 0.6 cm/decade) and a North-South height gradient in Europe. For countries without a recent (>1990) national growth chart novel European growth charts were constructed from Northern and Southern European reference populations, reflecting geographic height differences in mean final height of 3.9 cm in boys and 3.8 cm in girls. Mean height SDS of 2- to 17-year-old ESRD patients calculated from recent national or derived European growth charts (-1.91, 95% CI: -1.97 to -1.85) was significantly lower than when using CDC or WHO growth charts (-1.55, 95% CI: -1.61 to -1.49) (P |
doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0042506 |
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In an international survey we obtained 18 unique national height-for-age charts from 28 European countries and compared them with charts from the World Health Organization (WHO), Euro-Growth reference, and Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). As an example, we obtained height data from 3,534 children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) from 13 countries via the ESPN/ERA-EDTA registry, a patient group generally suffering from growth retardation. National growth charts showed a clear secular trend in height (mean height increased on average 0.6 cm/decade) and a North-South height gradient in Europe. For countries without a recent (>1990) national growth chart novel European growth charts were constructed from Northern and Southern European reference populations, reflecting geographic height differences in mean final height of 3.9 cm in boys and 3.8 cm in girls. Mean height SDS of 2- to 17-year-old ESRD patients calculated from recent national or derived European growth charts (-1.91, 95% CI: -1.97 to -1.85) was significantly lower than when using CDC or WHO growth charts (-1.55, 95% CI: -1.61 to -1.49) (P<0.0001).
Differences between height-for-age charts may reflect true population differences, but are also strongly affected by the secular trend in height. The choice of reference charts substantially affects the clinical decision whether a child is considered short-for-age. Therefore, we advocate using recent national or European height-for-age charts derived from recent national data when monitoring growth of healthy and diseased European children.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042506</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22916131</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Age ; Analysis ; Body Height ; Body mass index ; Charts ; Child ; Child development ; Children ; Children & youth ; Chronic kidney failure ; Clinical medicine ; Councils ; Disabled children ; Disease control ; End-stage renal disease ; Endocrine therapy ; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acids ; Europe ; Geography ; Girls ; Growth ; Growth hormones ; Growth rate ; Health informatics ; Hemodialysis ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Impact analysis ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Kidney diseases ; Kidney Failure, Chronic - physiopathology ; Measurement techniques ; Medicine ; Nephrology ; Pediatric diseases ; Pediatrics ; Physical growth ; Populations ; Society ; Surveys ; Trade shows ; Transplants & implants ; Trends ; Values</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2012-08, Vol.7 (8), p.e42506-e42506</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2012 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>Bonthuis et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2012 Bonthuis et al 2012 Bonthuis et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-3e10068c443ca20cf2037ea1458b9084fcdfff42db31a9b8e5e1bb4aaa3d499c3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3419735/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3419735/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2095,2914,23846,27903,27904,53769,53771,79346,79347</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22916131$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Milanese, Steve</contributor><creatorcontrib>Bonthuis, Marjolein</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Stralen, Karlijn J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Verrina, Enrico</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Edefonti, Alberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Molchanova, Elena A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hokken-Koelega, Anita C S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schaefer, Franz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jager, Kitty J</creatorcontrib><title>Use of national and international growth charts for studying height in European children: development of up-to-date European height-for-age charts</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Growth charts based on data collected in different populations and time periods are key tools to assess children's linear growth. We analyzed the impact of geographic factors and the secular trend on height-for-age charts currently used in European populations, developed up-to-date European growth charts, and studied the effect of using different charts in a sample of growth retarded children.
In an international survey we obtained 18 unique national height-for-age charts from 28 European countries and compared them with charts from the World Health Organization (WHO), Euro-Growth reference, and Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). As an example, we obtained height data from 3,534 children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) from 13 countries via the ESPN/ERA-EDTA registry, a patient group generally suffering from growth retardation. National growth charts showed a clear secular trend in height (mean height increased on average 0.6 cm/decade) and a North-South height gradient in Europe. For countries without a recent (>1990) national growth chart novel European growth charts were constructed from Northern and Southern European reference populations, reflecting geographic height differences in mean final height of 3.9 cm in boys and 3.8 cm in girls. Mean height SDS of 2- to 17-year-old ESRD patients calculated from recent national or derived European growth charts (-1.91, 95% CI: -1.97 to -1.85) was significantly lower than when using CDC or WHO growth charts (-1.55, 95% CI: -1.61 to -1.49) (P<0.0001).
Differences between height-for-age charts may reflect true population differences, but are also strongly affected by the secular trend in height. The choice of reference charts substantially affects the clinical decision whether a child is considered short-for-age. Therefore, we advocate using recent national or European height-for-age charts derived from recent national data when monitoring growth of healthy and diseased European children.</description><subject>Age</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Body Height</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Charts</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child development</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Chronic kidney failure</subject><subject>Clinical medicine</subject><subject>Councils</subject><subject>Disabled children</subject><subject>Disease control</subject><subject>End-stage renal disease</subject><subject>Endocrine therapy</subject><subject>Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acids</subject><subject>Europe</subject><subject>Geography</subject><subject>Girls</subject><subject>Growth</subject><subject>Growth hormones</subject><subject>Growth rate</subject><subject>Health informatics</subject><subject>Hemodialysis</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Impact analysis</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Kidney diseases</subject><subject>Kidney Failure, Chronic - physiopathology</subject><subject>Measurement techniques</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Nephrology</subject><subject>Pediatric diseases</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Physical growth</subject><subject>Populations</subject><subject>Society</subject><subject>Surveys</subject><subject>Trade shows</subject><subject>Transplants & 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Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bonthuis, Marjolein</au><au>van Stralen, Karlijn J</au><au>Verrina, Enrico</au><au>Edefonti, Alberto</au><au>Molchanova, Elena A</au><au>Hokken-Koelega, Anita C S</au><au>Schaefer, Franz</au><au>Jager, Kitty J</au><au>Milanese, Steve</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Use of national and international growth charts for studying height in European children: development of up-to-date European height-for-age charts</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2012-08-15</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>7</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>e42506</spage><epage>e42506</epage><pages>e42506-e42506</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Growth charts based on data collected in different populations and time periods are key tools to assess children's linear growth. We analyzed the impact of geographic factors and the secular trend on height-for-age charts currently used in European populations, developed up-to-date European growth charts, and studied the effect of using different charts in a sample of growth retarded children.
In an international survey we obtained 18 unique national height-for-age charts from 28 European countries and compared them with charts from the World Health Organization (WHO), Euro-Growth reference, and Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). As an example, we obtained height data from 3,534 children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) from 13 countries via the ESPN/ERA-EDTA registry, a patient group generally suffering from growth retardation. National growth charts showed a clear secular trend in height (mean height increased on average 0.6 cm/decade) and a North-South height gradient in Europe. For countries without a recent (>1990) national growth chart novel European growth charts were constructed from Northern and Southern European reference populations, reflecting geographic height differences in mean final height of 3.9 cm in boys and 3.8 cm in girls. Mean height SDS of 2- to 17-year-old ESRD patients calculated from recent national or derived European growth charts (-1.91, 95% CI: -1.97 to -1.85) was significantly lower than when using CDC or WHO growth charts (-1.55, 95% CI: -1.61 to -1.49) (P<0.0001).
Differences between height-for-age charts may reflect true population differences, but are also strongly affected by the secular trend in height. The choice of reference charts substantially affects the clinical decision whether a child is considered short-for-age. Therefore, we advocate using recent national or European height-for-age charts derived from recent national data when monitoring growth of healthy and diseased European children.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>22916131</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0042506</doi><tpages>e42506</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Age Analysis Body Height Body mass index Charts Child Child development Children Children & youth Chronic kidney failure Clinical medicine Councils Disabled children Disease control End-stage renal disease Endocrine therapy Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acids Europe Geography Girls Growth Growth hormones Growth rate Health informatics Hemodialysis Hospitals Humans Impact analysis Infant Infant, Newborn Kidney diseases Kidney Failure, Chronic - physiopathology Measurement techniques Medicine Nephrology Pediatric diseases Pediatrics Physical growth Populations Society Surveys Trade shows Transplants & implants Trends Values |
title | Use of national and international growth charts for studying height in European children: development of up-to-date European height-for-age charts |
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