Genomic characterization of a novel virus of the family Tymoviridae isolated from mosquitoes

The family Tymoviridae comprises three plant virus genera, including Tymovirus, Marafivirus, and Maculavirus, which are found in most parts of the world and cause severe agricultural losses. We describe a putatively novel member of the family Tymoviridae, which is isolated from mosquitoes (Culex spp...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2012-07, Vol.7 (7), p.e39845-e39845
Hauptverfasser: Wang, Lihua, Lv, Xinjun, Zhai, Yougang, Fu, Shihong, Wang, David, Rayner, Simon, Tang, Qing, Liang, Guodong
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Lv, Xinjun
Zhai, Yougang
Fu, Shihong
Wang, David
Rayner, Simon
Tang, Qing
Liang, Guodong
description The family Tymoviridae comprises three plant virus genera, including Tymovirus, Marafivirus, and Maculavirus, which are found in most parts of the world and cause severe agricultural losses. We describe a putatively novel member of the family Tymoviridae, which is isolated from mosquitoes (Culex spp.), referred to as CuTLV. The CuTLV was isolated by cell culture, which replicates and causes cytopathic effects in Aedes albopictus C6/36 cells, but not in mammalian BHK-21 or Vero cells. The complete 6471 nucleotide sequence of CuTLV was determined. The genome of CuTLV is predicted to contain three open reading frames (ORFs). The largest ORF1 is 5307 nucleotides (nt) in length and encodes a putative polypeptide of 1769 amino acids (aa), which contains the conserved motifs for the methyltransferase (MTR), Tymovirus endopeptidase (PRO), helicase (HEL), and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of the replication-associated proteins (RPs) of positive-stranded RNA viruses. In contrast, the ORF1 sequence does not contain the so-called "tymobox" or "marafibox", the conserved subgenomic RNA promoter present in all tymoviruses or marafiviruses, respectively. ORF2 and ORF3 putatively encode a 248-aa coat protein (CP) and a proline-rich 149-aa polypeptide. The whole genomic nucleotide identity of CuTLV with other members of family Tymoviridae ranged from 46.2% (ChiYMV) to 52.4% (GFkV). Phylogenetic analysis based on the putative RP and CP genes of CuTLV demonstrated that the virus is most closely related to viruses in the genus Maculavirus. The CuTLV is a novel virus related to members of the family Tymoviridae, with molecular characters that are distinct from those of tymoviruses, marafiviruses, and other maculaviruses or macula-like viruses. This is the first report of the isolation of a Tymoviridae-like virus from mosquitoes. Further investigations are required to clarify the origin, replication strategy, and the public health or agricultural importance of the CuTLV.
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Further investigations are required to clarify the origin, replication strategy, and the public health or agricultural importance of the CuTLV.</description><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Aquatic insects</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Brassica rapa</subject><subject>Cell culture</subject><subject>Cell Line</subject><subject>Cladistic analysis</subject><subject>Coat protein</subject><subject>Conserved sequence</subject><subject>Cricetinae</subject><subject>Culex</subject><subject>Culex - virology</subject><subject>Culicidae</subject><subject>Disease control</subject><subject>Disease prevention</subject><subject>DNA helicase</subject><subject>DNA-directed RNA polymerase</subject><subject>Endopeptidase</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genome, Viral - physiology</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Genomics</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Methyltransferase</subject><subject>Mosquitoes</subject><subject>Nucleotide sequence</subject><subject>Nucleotides</subject><subject>Open reading frames</subject><subject>Open Reading Frames - physiology</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Plant viruses</subject><subject>Proline</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Replication</subject><subject>Replication origins</subject><subject>Ribonucleic acid</subject><subject>RNA</subject><subject>RNA helicase</subject><subject>RNA viruses</subject><subject>RNA-directed RNA polymerase</subject><subject>Tymoviridae - classification</subject><subject>Tymoviridae - genetics</subject><subject>Tymoviridae - isolation &amp; 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We describe a putatively novel member of the family Tymoviridae, which is isolated from mosquitoes (Culex spp.), referred to as CuTLV. The CuTLV was isolated by cell culture, which replicates and causes cytopathic effects in Aedes albopictus C6/36 cells, but not in mammalian BHK-21 or Vero cells. The complete 6471 nucleotide sequence of CuTLV was determined. The genome of CuTLV is predicted to contain three open reading frames (ORFs). The largest ORF1 is 5307 nucleotides (nt) in length and encodes a putative polypeptide of 1769 amino acids (aa), which contains the conserved motifs for the methyltransferase (MTR), Tymovirus endopeptidase (PRO), helicase (HEL), and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of the replication-associated proteins (RPs) of positive-stranded RNA viruses. In contrast, the ORF1 sequence does not contain the so-called "tymobox" or "marafibox", the conserved subgenomic RNA promoter present in all tymoviruses or marafiviruses, respectively. ORF2 and ORF3 putatively encode a 248-aa coat protein (CP) and a proline-rich 149-aa polypeptide. The whole genomic nucleotide identity of CuTLV with other members of family Tymoviridae ranged from 46.2% (ChiYMV) to 52.4% (GFkV). Phylogenetic analysis based on the putative RP and CP genes of CuTLV demonstrated that the virus is most closely related to viruses in the genus Maculavirus. The CuTLV is a novel virus related to members of the family Tymoviridae, with molecular characters that are distinct from those of tymoviruses, marafiviruses, and other maculaviruses or macula-like viruses. This is the first report of the isolation of a Tymoviridae-like virus from mosquitoes. 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subjects Amino acids
Animals
Aquatic insects
Biology
Brassica rapa
Cell culture
Cell Line
Cladistic analysis
Coat protein
Conserved sequence
Cricetinae
Culex
Culex - virology
Culicidae
Disease control
Disease prevention
DNA helicase
DNA-directed RNA polymerase
Endopeptidase
Genes
Genome, Viral - physiology
Genomes
Genomics
Infectious diseases
Laboratories
Methyltransferase
Mosquitoes
Nucleotide sequence
Nucleotides
Open reading frames
Open Reading Frames - physiology
Phylogeny
Plant viruses
Proline
Proteins
Public health
Replication
Replication origins
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
RNA helicase
RNA viruses
RNA-directed RNA polymerase
Tymoviridae - classification
Tymoviridae - genetics
Tymoviridae - isolation & purification
Tymoviridae - metabolism
Vero cells
Viral Proteins - genetics
Viral Proteins - metabolism
Virology
Viruses
title Genomic characterization of a novel virus of the family Tymoviridae isolated from mosquitoes
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