Pre-whaling genetic diversity and population ecology in eastern Pacific gray whales: insights from ancient DNA and stable isotopes
Commercial whaling decimated many whale populations, including the eastern Pacific gray whale, but little is known about how population dynamics or ecology differed prior to these removals. Of particular interest is the possibility of a large population decline prior to whaling, as such a decline co...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2012-05, Vol.7 (5), p.e35039-e35039 |
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| creator | Alter, S Elizabeth Newsome, Seth D Palumbi, Stephen R |
| description | Commercial whaling decimated many whale populations, including the eastern Pacific gray whale, but little is known about how population dynamics or ecology differed prior to these removals. Of particular interest is the possibility of a large population decline prior to whaling, as such a decline could explain the ~5-fold difference between genetic estimates of prior abundance and estimates based on historical records. We analyzed genetic (mitochondrial control region) and isotopic information from modern and prehistoric gray whales using serial coalescent simulations and Bayesian skyline analyses to test for a pre-whaling decline and to examine prehistoric genetic diversity, population dynamics and ecology. Simulations demonstrate that significant genetic differences observed between ancient and modern samples could be caused by a large, recent population bottleneck, roughly concurrent with commercial whaling. Stable isotopes show minimal differences between modern and ancient gray whale foraging ecology. Using rejection-based Approximate Bayesian Computation, we estimate the size of the population bottleneck at its minimum abundance and the pre-bottleneck abundance. Our results agree with previous genetic studies suggesting the historical size of the eastern gray whale population was roughly three to five times its current size. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0035039 |
| format | Article |
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Of particular interest is the possibility of a large population decline prior to whaling, as such a decline could explain the ~5-fold difference between genetic estimates of prior abundance and estimates based on historical records. We analyzed genetic (mitochondrial control region) and isotopic information from modern and prehistoric gray whales using serial coalescent simulations and Bayesian skyline analyses to test for a pre-whaling decline and to examine prehistoric genetic diversity, population dynamics and ecology. Simulations demonstrate that significant genetic differences observed between ancient and modern samples could be caused by a large, recent population bottleneck, roughly concurrent with commercial whaling. Stable isotopes show minimal differences between modern and ancient gray whale foraging ecology. Using rejection-based Approximate Bayesian Computation, we estimate the size of the population bottleneck at its minimum abundance and the pre-bottleneck abundance. Our results agree with previous genetic studies suggesting the historical size of the eastern gray whale population was roughly three to five times its current size.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035039</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22590499</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Abundance ; Analysis ; Animal behavior ; Animal reproduction ; Animals ; Aquatic mammals ; Bayesian analysis ; Biodiversity ; Biology ; Censuses ; Cetacea ; Computer simulation ; Conservation biology ; Demography ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics ; Earth Sciences ; Ecology ; Ecosystem ; Ecosystem biology ; Ecosystems ; Eschrichtiidae ; Evolution ; Evolution, Molecular ; Forage ; Foraging behavior ; Genetic diversity ; Genetic research ; Genetic Variation - physiology ; Isotopes ; Marine mammals ; Mitochondria ; Molecular biology ; Mutation ; Pacific Ocean ; Population ; Population bottleneck ; Population decline ; Population Dynamics ; Population ecology ; Population genetics ; Prehistoric era ; Prehistory ; Stable isotopes ; Studies ; Whales ; Whales & whaling ; Whales - physiology ; Whaling ; Wildlife conservation</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2012-05, Vol.7 (5), p.e35039-e35039</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2012 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2012 Alter et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Alter et al. 2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-d10c7610b9255a77427de9a9194ebe92e6e33252e3d71fccc0be094c7aa990093</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-d10c7610b9255a77427de9a9194ebe92e6e33252e3d71fccc0be094c7aa990093</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3348926/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3348926/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,728,781,785,865,886,2103,2929,23871,27929,27930,53796,53798</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22590499$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Knapp, Michael</contributor><creatorcontrib>Alter, S Elizabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newsome, Seth D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Palumbi, Stephen R</creatorcontrib><title>Pre-whaling genetic diversity and population ecology in eastern Pacific gray whales: insights from ancient DNA and stable isotopes</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Commercial whaling decimated many whale populations, including the eastern Pacific gray whale, but little is known about how population dynamics or ecology differed prior to these removals. Of particular interest is the possibility of a large population decline prior to whaling, as such a decline could explain the ~5-fold difference between genetic estimates of prior abundance and estimates based on historical records. We analyzed genetic (mitochondrial control region) and isotopic information from modern and prehistoric gray whales using serial coalescent simulations and Bayesian skyline analyses to test for a pre-whaling decline and to examine prehistoric genetic diversity, population dynamics and ecology. Simulations demonstrate that significant genetic differences observed between ancient and modern samples could be caused by a large, recent population bottleneck, roughly concurrent with commercial whaling. Stable isotopes show minimal differences between modern and ancient gray whale foraging ecology. Using rejection-based Approximate Bayesian Computation, we estimate the size of the population bottleneck at its minimum abundance and the pre-bottleneck abundance. Our results agree with previous genetic studies suggesting the historical size of the eastern gray whale population was roughly three to five times its current size.</description><subject>Abundance</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Animal behavior</subject><subject>Animal reproduction</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Aquatic mammals</subject><subject>Bayesian analysis</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Censuses</subject><subject>Cetacea</subject><subject>Computer simulation</subject><subject>Conservation biology</subject><subject>Demography</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Ecosystem</subject><subject>Ecosystem biology</subject><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subject>Eschrichtiidae</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Evolution, Molecular</subject><subject>Forage</subject><subject>Foraging behavior</subject><subject>Genetic diversity</subject><subject>Genetic research</subject><subject>Genetic Variation - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Alter, S Elizabeth</au><au>Newsome, Seth D</au><au>Palumbi, Stephen R</au><au>Knapp, Michael</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Pre-whaling genetic diversity and population ecology in eastern Pacific gray whales: insights from ancient DNA and stable isotopes</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2012-05-09</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>7</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e35039</spage><epage>e35039</epage><pages>e35039-e35039</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Commercial whaling decimated many whale populations, including the eastern Pacific gray whale, but little is known about how population dynamics or ecology differed prior to these removals. Of particular interest is the possibility of a large population decline prior to whaling, as such a decline could explain the ~5-fold difference between genetic estimates of prior abundance and estimates based on historical records. We analyzed genetic (mitochondrial control region) and isotopic information from modern and prehistoric gray whales using serial coalescent simulations and Bayesian skyline analyses to test for a pre-whaling decline and to examine prehistoric genetic diversity, population dynamics and ecology. Simulations demonstrate that significant genetic differences observed between ancient and modern samples could be caused by a large, recent population bottleneck, roughly concurrent with commercial whaling. Stable isotopes show minimal differences between modern and ancient gray whale foraging ecology. Using rejection-based Approximate Bayesian Computation, we estimate the size of the population bottleneck at its minimum abundance and the pre-bottleneck abundance. Our results agree with previous genetic studies suggesting the historical size of the eastern gray whale population was roughly three to five times its current size.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>22590499</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0035039</doi><tpages>e35039</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Abundance Analysis Animal behavior Animal reproduction Animals Aquatic mammals Bayesian analysis Biodiversity Biology Censuses Cetacea Computer simulation Conservation biology Demography Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics Earth Sciences Ecology Ecosystem Ecosystem biology Ecosystems Eschrichtiidae Evolution Evolution, Molecular Forage Foraging behavior Genetic diversity Genetic research Genetic Variation - physiology Isotopes Marine mammals Mitochondria Molecular biology Mutation Pacific Ocean Population Population bottleneck Population decline Population Dynamics Population ecology Population genetics Prehistoric era Prehistory Stable isotopes Studies Whales Whales & whaling Whales - physiology Whaling Wildlife conservation |
| title | Pre-whaling genetic diversity and population ecology in eastern Pacific gray whales: insights from ancient DNA and stable isotopes |
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