Relationship between Audiometric slope and tinnitus pitch in tinnitus patients: insights into the mechanisms of tinnitus generation
Different mechanisms have been proposed to be involved in tinnitus generation, among them reduced lateral inhibition and homeostatic plasticity. On a perceptual level these different mechanisms should be reflected by the relationship between the individual audiometric slope and the perceived tinnitu...
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| creator | Schecklmann, Martin Vielsmeier, Veronika Steffens, Thomas Landgrebe, Michael Langguth, Berthold Kleinjung, Tobias |
| description | Different mechanisms have been proposed to be involved in tinnitus generation, among them reduced lateral inhibition and homeostatic plasticity. On a perceptual level these different mechanisms should be reflected by the relationship between the individual audiometric slope and the perceived tinnitus pitch. Whereas some studies found the tinnitus pitch corresponding to the maximum hearing loss, others stressed the relevance of the edge frequency. This study investigates the relationship between tinnitus pitch and audiometric slope in a large sample.
This retrospective observational study analyzed 286 patients. The matched tinnitus pitch was compared to the frequency of maximum hearing loss and the edge of the audiogram (steepest hearing loss) by t-tests and correlation coefficients. These analyses were performed for the whole group and for sub-groups (uni- vs. bilateral (117 vs. 338 ears), pure-tone vs. narrow-band (340 vs. 115 ears), and low and high audiometric slope (114 vs. 113 ears)).
For the right ear, tinnitus pitch was in the same range and correlated significantly with the frequency of maximum hearing loss, but differed from and did not correlate with the edge frequency. For the left ear, similar results were found but the correlation between tinnitus pitch and maximum hearing loss did not reach significance. Sub-group analyses (bi- and unilateral, tinnitus character, slope steepness) revealed identical results except for the sub-group with high audiometric slope which revealed a higher frequency of maximum hearing loss as compared to the tinnitus pitch.
The study-results confirm a relationship between tinnitus pitch and maximum hearing loss but not to the edge frequency, suggesting that tinnitus is rather a fill-in-phenomenon resulting from homeostatic mechanisms, than the result of deficient lateral inhibition. Sub-group analyses suggest that audiometric steepness and the side of affected ear affect this relationship. Future studies should control for these potential confounding factors. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0034878 |
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This retrospective observational study analyzed 286 patients. The matched tinnitus pitch was compared to the frequency of maximum hearing loss and the edge of the audiogram (steepest hearing loss) by t-tests and correlation coefficients. These analyses were performed for the whole group and for sub-groups (uni- vs. bilateral (117 vs. 338 ears), pure-tone vs. narrow-band (340 vs. 115 ears), and low and high audiometric slope (114 vs. 113 ears)).
For the right ear, tinnitus pitch was in the same range and correlated significantly with the frequency of maximum hearing loss, but differed from and did not correlate with the edge frequency. For the left ear, similar results were found but the correlation between tinnitus pitch and maximum hearing loss did not reach significance. Sub-group analyses (bi- and unilateral, tinnitus character, slope steepness) revealed identical results except for the sub-group with high audiometric slope which revealed a higher frequency of maximum hearing loss as compared to the tinnitus pitch.
The study-results confirm a relationship between tinnitus pitch and maximum hearing loss but not to the edge frequency, suggesting that tinnitus is rather a fill-in-phenomenon resulting from homeostatic mechanisms, than the result of deficient lateral inhibition. Sub-group analyses suggest that audiometric steepness and the side of affected ear affect this relationship. Future studies should control for these potential confounding factors.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034878</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22529949</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Audiometry ; Automation ; Biology ; Clinical outcomes ; Comparative analysis ; Correlation ; Correlation analysis ; Correlation coefficient ; Correlation coefficients ; Ear ; Female ; Group dynamics ; Hearing aids ; Hearing Loss ; Homeostatic plasticity ; Humans ; Inhibition ; Interdisciplinary aspects ; Male ; Medical research ; Medicine ; Middle Aged ; Noise ; Otolaryngology ; Patient assessment ; Patients ; Perceptions ; Pitch Perception ; Psychiatry ; Psychotherapy ; Questionnaires ; Retrospective Studies ; Slopes ; Studies ; Tinnitus ; Tinnitus - diagnosis ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2012-04, Vol.7 (4), p.e34878-e34878</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2012 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2012 Schecklmann et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Schecklmann et al. 2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-c7f0a18df645d160f2ebc0275e01554cb516012d3fda66fa5b126ca61bc89ad63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-c7f0a18df645d160f2ebc0275e01554cb516012d3fda66fa5b126ca61bc89ad63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3329543/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3329543/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22529949$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Schecklmann, Martin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vielsmeier, Veronika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steffens, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Landgrebe, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Langguth, Berthold</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kleinjung, Tobias</creatorcontrib><title>Relationship between Audiometric slope and tinnitus pitch in tinnitus patients: insights into the mechanisms of tinnitus generation</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Different mechanisms have been proposed to be involved in tinnitus generation, among them reduced lateral inhibition and homeostatic plasticity. On a perceptual level these different mechanisms should be reflected by the relationship between the individual audiometric slope and the perceived tinnitus pitch. Whereas some studies found the tinnitus pitch corresponding to the maximum hearing loss, others stressed the relevance of the edge frequency. This study investigates the relationship between tinnitus pitch and audiometric slope in a large sample.
This retrospective observational study analyzed 286 patients. The matched tinnitus pitch was compared to the frequency of maximum hearing loss and the edge of the audiogram (steepest hearing loss) by t-tests and correlation coefficients. These analyses were performed for the whole group and for sub-groups (uni- vs. bilateral (117 vs. 338 ears), pure-tone vs. narrow-band (340 vs. 115 ears), and low and high audiometric slope (114 vs. 113 ears)).
For the right ear, tinnitus pitch was in the same range and correlated significantly with the frequency of maximum hearing loss, but differed from and did not correlate with the edge frequency. For the left ear, similar results were found but the correlation between tinnitus pitch and maximum hearing loss did not reach significance. Sub-group analyses (bi- and unilateral, tinnitus character, slope steepness) revealed identical results except for the sub-group with high audiometric slope which revealed a higher frequency of maximum hearing loss as compared to the tinnitus pitch.
The study-results confirm a relationship between tinnitus pitch and maximum hearing loss but not to the edge frequency, suggesting that tinnitus is rather a fill-in-phenomenon resulting from homeostatic mechanisms, than the result of deficient lateral inhibition. Sub-group analyses suggest that audiometric steepness and the side of affected ear affect this relationship. Future studies should control for these potential confounding factors.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Audiometry</subject><subject>Automation</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Clinical outcomes</subject><subject>Comparative analysis</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Correlation analysis</subject><subject>Correlation coefficient</subject><subject>Correlation coefficients</subject><subject>Ear</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Group dynamics</subject><subject>Hearing aids</subject><subject>Hearing Loss</subject><subject>Homeostatic plasticity</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inhibition</subject><subject>Interdisciplinary aspects</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Noise</subject><subject>Otolaryngology</subject><subject>Patient assessment</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Perceptions</subject><subject>Pitch Perception</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychotherapy</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Slopes</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Tinnitus</subject><subject>Tinnitus - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Schecklmann, Martin</au><au>Vielsmeier, Veronika</au><au>Steffens, Thomas</au><au>Landgrebe, Michael</au><au>Langguth, Berthold</au><au>Kleinjung, Tobias</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Relationship between Audiometric slope and tinnitus pitch in tinnitus patients: insights into the mechanisms of tinnitus generation</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2012-04-18</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>e34878</spage><epage>e34878</epage><pages>e34878-e34878</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Different mechanisms have been proposed to be involved in tinnitus generation, among them reduced lateral inhibition and homeostatic plasticity. On a perceptual level these different mechanisms should be reflected by the relationship between the individual audiometric slope and the perceived tinnitus pitch. Whereas some studies found the tinnitus pitch corresponding to the maximum hearing loss, others stressed the relevance of the edge frequency. This study investigates the relationship between tinnitus pitch and audiometric slope in a large sample.
This retrospective observational study analyzed 286 patients. The matched tinnitus pitch was compared to the frequency of maximum hearing loss and the edge of the audiogram (steepest hearing loss) by t-tests and correlation coefficients. These analyses were performed for the whole group and for sub-groups (uni- vs. bilateral (117 vs. 338 ears), pure-tone vs. narrow-band (340 vs. 115 ears), and low and high audiometric slope (114 vs. 113 ears)).
For the right ear, tinnitus pitch was in the same range and correlated significantly with the frequency of maximum hearing loss, but differed from and did not correlate with the edge frequency. For the left ear, similar results were found but the correlation between tinnitus pitch and maximum hearing loss did not reach significance. Sub-group analyses (bi- and unilateral, tinnitus character, slope steepness) revealed identical results except for the sub-group with high audiometric slope which revealed a higher frequency of maximum hearing loss as compared to the tinnitus pitch.
The study-results confirm a relationship between tinnitus pitch and maximum hearing loss but not to the edge frequency, suggesting that tinnitus is rather a fill-in-phenomenon resulting from homeostatic mechanisms, than the result of deficient lateral inhibition. Sub-group analyses suggest that audiometric steepness and the side of affected ear affect this relationship. Future studies should control for these potential confounding factors.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>22529949</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0034878</doi><tpages>e34878</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Audiometry Automation Biology Clinical outcomes Comparative analysis Correlation Correlation analysis Correlation coefficient Correlation coefficients Ear Female Group dynamics Hearing aids Hearing Loss Homeostatic plasticity Humans Inhibition Interdisciplinary aspects Male Medical research Medicine Middle Aged Noise Otolaryngology Patient assessment Patients Perceptions Pitch Perception Psychiatry Psychotherapy Questionnaires Retrospective Studies Slopes Studies Tinnitus Tinnitus - diagnosis Young Adult |
| title | Relationship between Audiometric slope and tinnitus pitch in tinnitus patients: insights into the mechanisms of tinnitus generation |
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