Genetic analysis of the capsular biosynthetic locus from all 90 pneumococcal serotypes
Several major invasive bacterial pathogens are encapsulated. Expression of a polysaccharide capsule is essential for survival in the blood, and thus for virulence, but also is a target for host antibodies and the basis for effective vaccines. Encapsulated species typically exhibit antigenic variatio...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PLoS genetics 2006-03, Vol.2 (3), p.e31-e31 |
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| creator | Bentley, Stephen D Aanensen, David M Mavroidi, Angeliki Saunders, David Rabbinowitsch, Ester Collins, Matthew Donohoe, Kathy Harris, David Murphy, Lee Quail, Michael A Samuel, Gabby Skovsted, Ian C Kaltoft, Margit Staum Barrell, Bart Reeves, Peter R Parkhill, Julian Spratt, Brian G |
| description | Several major invasive bacterial pathogens are encapsulated. Expression of a polysaccharide capsule is essential for survival in the blood, and thus for virulence, but also is a target for host antibodies and the basis for effective vaccines. Encapsulated species typically exhibit antigenic variation and express one of a number of immunochemically distinct capsular polysaccharides that define serotypes. We provide the sequences of the capsular biosynthetic genes of all 90 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae and relate these to the known polysaccharide structures and patterns of immunological reactivity of typing sera, thereby providing the most complete understanding of the genetics and origins of bacterial polysaccharide diversity, laying the foundations for molecular serotyping. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that a complete repertoire of capsular biosynthetic genes has been available, enabling a holistic analysis of a bacterial polysaccharide biosynthesis system. Remarkably, the total size of alternative coding DNA at this one locus exceeds 1.8 Mbp, almost equivalent to the entire S. pneumoniae chromosomal complement. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pgen.0020031 |
| format | Article |
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Expression of a polysaccharide capsule is essential for survival in the blood, and thus for virulence, but also is a target for host antibodies and the basis for effective vaccines. Encapsulated species typically exhibit antigenic variation and express one of a number of immunochemically distinct capsular polysaccharides that define serotypes. We provide the sequences of the capsular biosynthetic genes of all 90 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae and relate these to the known polysaccharide structures and patterns of immunological reactivity of typing sera, thereby providing the most complete understanding of the genetics and origins of bacterial polysaccharide diversity, laying the foundations for molecular serotyping. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that a complete repertoire of capsular biosynthetic genes has been available, enabling a holistic analysis of a bacterial polysaccharide biosynthesis system. Remarkably, the total size of alternative coding DNA at this one locus exceeds 1.8 Mbp, almost equivalent to the entire S. pneumoniae chromosomal complement.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1553-7404</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1553-7390</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1553-7404</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.0020031</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16532061</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Bacterial Capsules - chemistry ; Biochemistry ; Bioinformatics - Computational Biology ; Computational Biology - methods ; Epidemiology - Public Health ; Eubacteria ; Evolution ; Genes ; Genes, Bacterial ; Genetics/Gene Function ; Genomics ; Infectious Diseases ; Microbiology ; Pneumonia ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polysaccharides - chemistry ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial - chemistry ; Proteins ; Serotyping ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Streptococcus pneumoniae - genetics ; Vaccines</subject><ispartof>PLoS genetics, 2006-03, Vol.2 (3), p.e31-e31</ispartof><rights>2006 Bentley et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Bentley SD, Aanensen DM, Mavroidi A, Saunders D, Rabbinowitsch E, et al. (2006) Genetic Analysis of the Capsular Biosynthetic Locus from All 90 Pneumococcal Serotypes. 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Expression of a polysaccharide capsule is essential for survival in the blood, and thus for virulence, but also is a target for host antibodies and the basis for effective vaccines. Encapsulated species typically exhibit antigenic variation and express one of a number of immunochemically distinct capsular polysaccharides that define serotypes. We provide the sequences of the capsular biosynthetic genes of all 90 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae and relate these to the known polysaccharide structures and patterns of immunological reactivity of typing sera, thereby providing the most complete understanding of the genetics and origins of bacterial polysaccharide diversity, laying the foundations for molecular serotyping. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that a complete repertoire of capsular biosynthetic genes has been available, enabling a holistic analysis of a bacterial polysaccharide biosynthesis system. Remarkably, the total size of alternative coding DNA at this one locus exceeds 1.8 Mbp, almost equivalent to the entire S. pneumoniae chromosomal complement.</description><subject>Bacterial Capsules - chemistry</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>Bioinformatics - Computational Biology</subject><subject>Computational Biology - methods</subject><subject>Epidemiology - Public Health</subject><subject>Eubacteria</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genes, Bacterial</subject><subject>Genetics/Gene Function</subject><subject>Genomics</subject><subject>Infectious Diseases</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Pneumonia</subject><subject>Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>Polysaccharides - chemistry</subject><subject>Polysaccharides, Bacterial - chemistry</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Serotyping</subject><subject>Streptococcus pneumoniae</subject><subject>Streptococcus pneumoniae - genetics</subject><subject>Vaccines</subject><issn>1553-7404</issn><issn>1553-7390</issn><issn>1553-7404</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkl-L1DAUxYso7rr6DUQDgm8zJs3_F0EWXRcWfFFfw216O9shbWrSCvPtzThVd0WQPCTc_M7JveFU1XNGt4xr9mYflzRC2E47HLeU1pRy9qA6Z1LyjRZUPLxzPque5LwvhDRWP67OmJK8poqdV1-vcMS59wSK1yH3mcSOzLdIPEx5CZBI08d8GEvpSIXol0y6FAcCIRBLyTTiMkQfvYdAMqY4HybMT6tHHYSMz9b9ovry4f3ny4-bm09X15fvbjZeWTZvUDFPhRHSc-SN4Z5rbzopsO0QvKxFqwGUAKZ0bTslrQGDWBdFI42Uml9UL0--U4jZrV-SHeOMCyONNoW4PhFthL2bUj9AOrgIvftZiGnnIJXRAjpNDdaeWSqFEBxMoxpTd9xTq1vQvC1eb9fXlmbA1uM4Jwj3TO_fjP2t28XvpR_LyioGr1eDFL8tmGc39NljCDBiXLJThgqtmPkvyKxVXGhZwFd_gf_-BHGifIo5J-x-98yoO6bpl8od0-TWNBXZi7vz_hGt8eE_ADw0yDk</recordid><startdate>20060301</startdate><enddate>20060301</enddate><creator>Bentley, Stephen D</creator><creator>Aanensen, David M</creator><creator>Mavroidi, Angeliki</creator><creator>Saunders, David</creator><creator>Rabbinowitsch, Ester</creator><creator>Collins, Matthew</creator><creator>Donohoe, Kathy</creator><creator>Harris, David</creator><creator>Murphy, Lee</creator><creator>Quail, Michael A</creator><creator>Samuel, Gabby</creator><creator>Skovsted, Ian C</creator><creator>Kaltoft, Margit Staum</creator><creator>Barrell, Bart</creator><creator>Reeves, Peter R</creator><creator>Parkhill, Julian</creator><creator>Spratt, Brian G</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20060301</creationdate><title>Genetic analysis of the capsular biosynthetic locus from all 90 pneumococcal serotypes</title><author>Bentley, Stephen D ; Aanensen, David M ; Mavroidi, Angeliki ; Saunders, David ; Rabbinowitsch, Ester ; Collins, Matthew ; Donohoe, Kathy ; Harris, David ; Murphy, Lee ; Quail, Michael A ; Samuel, Gabby ; Skovsted, Ian C ; Kaltoft, Margit Staum ; Barrell, Bart ; Reeves, Peter R ; Parkhill, Julian ; Spratt, Brian G</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c691t-e61c04845c3e3b83c37c8f54edfeac524d7aa64a16729f6598a8ee2484b585573</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>Bacterial Capsules - 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Expression of a polysaccharide capsule is essential for survival in the blood, and thus for virulence, but also is a target for host antibodies and the basis for effective vaccines. Encapsulated species typically exhibit antigenic variation and express one of a number of immunochemically distinct capsular polysaccharides that define serotypes. We provide the sequences of the capsular biosynthetic genes of all 90 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae and relate these to the known polysaccharide structures and patterns of immunological reactivity of typing sera, thereby providing the most complete understanding of the genetics and origins of bacterial polysaccharide diversity, laying the foundations for molecular serotyping. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that a complete repertoire of capsular biosynthetic genes has been available, enabling a holistic analysis of a bacterial polysaccharide biosynthesis system. Remarkably, the total size of alternative coding DNA at this one locus exceeds 1.8 Mbp, almost equivalent to the entire S. pneumoniae chromosomal complement.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>16532061</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pgen.0020031</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Bacterial Capsules - chemistry Biochemistry Bioinformatics - Computational Biology Computational Biology - methods Epidemiology - Public Health Eubacteria Evolution Genes Genes, Bacterial Genetics/Gene Function Genomics Infectious Diseases Microbiology Pneumonia Polymerase Chain Reaction Polysaccharides - chemistry Polysaccharides, Bacterial - chemistry Proteins Serotyping Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus pneumoniae - genetics Vaccines |
| title | Genetic analysis of the capsular biosynthetic locus from all 90 pneumococcal serotypes |
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