Rapid chromosome evolution in recently formed polyploids in Tragopogon (Asteraceae)
Polyploidy, frequently termed "whole genome duplication", is a major force in the evolution of many eukaryotes. Indeed, most angiosperm species have undergone at least one round of polyploidy in their evolutionary history. Despite enormous progress in our understanding of many aspects of p...
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description | Polyploidy, frequently termed "whole genome duplication", is a major force in the evolution of many eukaryotes. Indeed, most angiosperm species have undergone at least one round of polyploidy in their evolutionary history. Despite enormous progress in our understanding of many aspects of polyploidy, we essentially have no information about the role of chromosome divergence in the establishment of young polyploid populations. Here we investigate synthetic lines and natural populations of two recently and recurrently formed allotetraploids Tragopogon mirus and T. miscellus (formed within the past 80 years) to assess the role of aberrant meiosis in generating chromosomal/genomic diversity. That diversity is likely important in the formation, establishment and survival of polyploid populations and species.
Applications of fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) to natural populations of T. mirus and T. miscellus suggest that chromosomal rearrangements and other chromosomal changes are common in both allotetraploids. We detected extensive chromosomal polymorphism between individuals and populations, including (i) plants monosomic and trisomic for particular chromosomes (perhaps indicating compensatory trisomy), (ii) intergenomic translocations and (iii) variable sizes and expression patterns of individual ribosomal DNA (rDNA) loci. We even observed karyotypic variation among sibling plants. Significantly, translocations, chromosome loss, and meiotic irregularities, including quadrivalent formation, were observed in synthetic (S(0) and S(1) generations) polyploid lines. Our results not only provide a mechanism for chromosomal variation in natural populations, but also indicate that chromosomal changes occur rapidly following polyploidisation.
These data shed new light on previous analyses of genome and transcriptome structures in de novo and establishing polyploid species. Crucially our results highlight the necessity of studying karyotypes in young ( |
doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0003353 |
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Applications of fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) to natural populations of T. mirus and T. miscellus suggest that chromosomal rearrangements and other chromosomal changes are common in both allotetraploids. We detected extensive chromosomal polymorphism between individuals and populations, including (i) plants monosomic and trisomic for particular chromosomes (perhaps indicating compensatory trisomy), (ii) intergenomic translocations and (iii) variable sizes and expression patterns of individual ribosomal DNA (rDNA) loci. We even observed karyotypic variation among sibling plants. Significantly, translocations, chromosome loss, and meiotic irregularities, including quadrivalent formation, were observed in synthetic (S(0) and S(1) generations) polyploid lines. Our results not only provide a mechanism for chromosomal variation in natural populations, but also indicate that chromosomal changes occur rapidly following polyploidisation.
These data shed new light on previous analyses of genome and transcriptome structures in de novo and establishing polyploid species. Crucially our results highlight the necessity of studying karyotypes in young (<150 years old) polyploid species and synthetic polyploids that resemble natural species. The data also provide insight into the mechanisms that perturb inheritance patterns of genetic markers in synthetic polyploids and populations of young natural polyploid species.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003353</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18843372</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Aberration ; Analysis ; Asteraceae ; Barley ; Biological evolution ; Biology ; Biophysics ; Chromosome rearrangements ; Chromosome translocations ; Chromosomes ; Chromosomes, Plant ; Cytogenetics ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; Diploidy ; Divergence ; DNA ; DNA methylation ; DNA, Ribosomal - genetics ; Epigenetics ; Eukaryotes ; Evolution ; Evolution, Molecular ; Evolutionary genetics ; Fish populations ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescence in situ hybridization ; Gene expression ; Genetic markers ; Genetic polymorphisms ; Genetic research ; Genetics ; Genetics and Genomics/Genomics ; Genetics and Genomics/Plant Genomes and Evolution ; Genetics and Genomics/Population Genetics ; Genome, Plant ; Genomes ; Genomics ; Heredity ; Hybridization ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Karyotypes ; Karyotyping ; Life sciences ; Meiosis ; Meiosis - physiology ; Mitosis - physiology ; Mutation ; Natural populations ; Polymorphism ; Polyploidy ; Populations ; Rape plants ; Species ; Tragopogon - anatomy & histology ; Tragopogon - genetics ; Tragopogon dubius ; Tragopogon mirus ; Tragopogon miscellus ; Tragopogon porrifolius ; Trisomy</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2008-10, Vol.3 (10), p.e3353-e3353</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2008 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2008 Lim et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Lim et al. 2008</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c728t-2ffd01ec1783ca1bccbc194376faaeb836fcc1334343028b0cbcb2433b12debd3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c728t-2ffd01ec1783ca1bccbc194376faaeb836fcc1334343028b0cbcb2433b12debd3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2556386/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2556386/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18843372$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lim, K Yoong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soltis, Douglas E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soltis, Pamela S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tate, Jennifer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matyasek, Roman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Srubarova, Hana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kovarik, Ales</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pires, J Chris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiong, Zhiyong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leitch, Andrew R</creatorcontrib><title>Rapid chromosome evolution in recently formed polyploids in Tragopogon (Asteraceae)</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Polyploidy, frequently termed "whole genome duplication", is a major force in the evolution of many eukaryotes. Indeed, most angiosperm species have undergone at least one round of polyploidy in their evolutionary history. Despite enormous progress in our understanding of many aspects of polyploidy, we essentially have no information about the role of chromosome divergence in the establishment of young polyploid populations. Here we investigate synthetic lines and natural populations of two recently and recurrently formed allotetraploids Tragopogon mirus and T. miscellus (formed within the past 80 years) to assess the role of aberrant meiosis in generating chromosomal/genomic diversity. That diversity is likely important in the formation, establishment and survival of polyploid populations and species.
Applications of fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) to natural populations of T. mirus and T. miscellus suggest that chromosomal rearrangements and other chromosomal changes are common in both allotetraploids. We detected extensive chromosomal polymorphism between individuals and populations, including (i) plants monosomic and trisomic for particular chromosomes (perhaps indicating compensatory trisomy), (ii) intergenomic translocations and (iii) variable sizes and expression patterns of individual ribosomal DNA (rDNA) loci. We even observed karyotypic variation among sibling plants. Significantly, translocations, chromosome loss, and meiotic irregularities, including quadrivalent formation, were observed in synthetic (S(0) and S(1) generations) polyploid lines. Our results not only provide a mechanism for chromosomal variation in natural populations, but also indicate that chromosomal changes occur rapidly following polyploidisation.
These data shed new light on previous analyses of genome and transcriptome structures in de novo and establishing polyploid species. Crucially our results highlight the necessity of studying karyotypes in young (<150 years old) polyploid species and synthetic polyploids that resemble natural species. The data also provide insight into the mechanisms that perturb inheritance patterns of genetic markers in synthetic polyploids and populations of young natural polyploid species.</description><subject>Aberration</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Asteraceae</subject><subject>Barley</subject><subject>Biological evolution</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Biophysics</subject><subject>Chromosome rearrangements</subject><subject>Chromosome translocations</subject><subject>Chromosomes</subject><subject>Chromosomes, Plant</subject><subject>Cytogenetics</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>Diploidy</subject><subject>Divergence</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>DNA methylation</subject><subject>DNA, Ribosomal - genetics</subject><subject>Epigenetics</subject><subject>Eukaryotes</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Evolution, Molecular</subject><subject>Evolutionary genetics</subject><subject>Fish populations</subject><subject>Fluorescence</subject><subject>Fluorescence in situ hybridization</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Genetic markers</subject><subject>Genetic polymorphisms</subject><subject>Genetic research</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>Genetics and Genomics/Genomics</subject><subject>Genetics and Genomics/Plant Genomes and Evolution</subject><subject>Genetics and Genomics/Population Genetics</subject><subject>Genome, Plant</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Genomics</subject><subject>Heredity</subject><subject>Hybridization</subject><subject>In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence</subject><subject>Karyotypes</subject><subject>Karyotyping</subject><subject>Life sciences</subject><subject>Meiosis</subject><subject>Meiosis - physiology</subject><subject>Mitosis - physiology</subject><subject>Mutation</subject><subject>Natural populations</subject><subject>Polymorphism</subject><subject>Polyploidy</subject><subject>Populations</subject><subject>Rape plants</subject><subject>Species</subject><subject>Tragopogon - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Tragopogon - genetics</subject><subject>Tragopogon dubius</subject><subject>Tragopogon mirus</subject><subject>Tragopogon miscellus</subject><subject>Tragopogon porrifolius</subject><subject>Trisomy</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkl9v0zAUxSMEYmPwDRBEQprYQ4v_pE7yglRNAypNmrQNXi3HuU5dOXGwk4l-e27XAC3iAfnBlu_vHl8fnSR5Tcmc8px-2PgxdMrNe9_BnBDC-YI_SU5pydlMMMKfHpxPkhcxbghZ8EKI58kJLYqM85ydJne3qrd1qtfBtz76FlJ48G4crO9S26UBNHSD26bGhxbqtPdu2ztv67ir3gfV-N43yL5fxgGC0qDg4mXyzCgX4dW0nyVfP13dX36ZXd98Xl0ur2c6Z8UwY8bUhIKmecG1opXWlaZlxnNhlIKq4MJoTTnPcBFWVATrFcO5K8pqqGp-lrzd6-JEUU5-REk5RaqkgiOx2hO1VxvZB9uqsJVeWfl44UMjVRisdiC5ELUqjVgQ0BnDmSDXNSkEVaLUphSo9XF6bazQip0vQbkj0eNKZ9ey8Q-SLRYCfUeB80kg-O8jxEG2NmpwTnXgxyhFKbKSkhLBd3-B__7bfE81Cse3nfH4qsZVQ2s1hsJYvF9mOROU0bLAhoujBmQG-DE0aoxRru5u_5-9-XbMnh-wa1BuWMcpQ_EYzPagDj7GAOa3eZTIXaZ__VPuMi2nTGPbm0Pj_zRNIeY_AZbw81M</recordid><startdate>20081009</startdate><enddate>20081009</enddate><creator>Lim, K Yoong</creator><creator>Soltis, Douglas E</creator><creator>Soltis, Pamela S</creator><creator>Tate, Jennifer</creator><creator>Matyasek, Roman</creator><creator>Srubarova, Hana</creator><creator>Kovarik, Ales</creator><creator>Pires, J Chris</creator><creator>Xiong, Zhiyong</creator><creator>Leitch, Andrew R</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20081009</creationdate><title>Rapid chromosome evolution in recently formed polyploids in Tragopogon (Asteraceae)</title><author>Lim, K Yoong ; Soltis, Douglas E ; Soltis, Pamela S ; Tate, Jennifer ; Matyasek, Roman ; Srubarova, Hana ; Kovarik, Ales ; Pires, J Chris ; Xiong, Zhiyong ; Leitch, Andrew R</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c728t-2ffd01ec1783ca1bccbc194376faaeb836fcc1334343028b0cbcb2433b12debd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>Aberration</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Asteraceae</topic><topic>Barley</topic><topic>Biological evolution</topic><topic>Biology</topic><topic>Biophysics</topic><topic>Chromosome rearrangements</topic><topic>Chromosome translocations</topic><topic>Chromosomes</topic><topic>Chromosomes, Plant</topic><topic>Cytogenetics</topic><topic>Deoxyribonucleic acid</topic><topic>Diploidy</topic><topic>Divergence</topic><topic>DNA</topic><topic>DNA methylation</topic><topic>DNA, Ribosomal - genetics</topic><topic>Epigenetics</topic><topic>Eukaryotes</topic><topic>Evolution</topic><topic>Evolution, Molecular</topic><topic>Evolutionary genetics</topic><topic>Fish populations</topic><topic>Fluorescence</topic><topic>Fluorescence in situ hybridization</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Genetic markers</topic><topic>Genetic polymorphisms</topic><topic>Genetic research</topic><topic>Genetics</topic><topic>Genetics and Genomics/Genomics</topic><topic>Genetics and Genomics/Plant Genomes and Evolution</topic><topic>Genetics and Genomics/Population Genetics</topic><topic>Genome, Plant</topic><topic>Genomes</topic><topic>Genomics</topic><topic>Heredity</topic><topic>Hybridization</topic><topic>In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence</topic><topic>Karyotypes</topic><topic>Karyotyping</topic><topic>Life sciences</topic><topic>Meiosis</topic><topic>Meiosis - physiology</topic><topic>Mitosis - physiology</topic><topic>Mutation</topic><topic>Natural populations</topic><topic>Polymorphism</topic><topic>Polyploidy</topic><topic>Populations</topic><topic>Rape plants</topic><topic>Species</topic><topic>Tragopogon - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Tragopogon - genetics</topic><topic>Tragopogon dubius</topic><topic>Tragopogon mirus</topic><topic>Tragopogon miscellus</topic><topic>Tragopogon porrifolius</topic><topic>Trisomy</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lim, K Yoong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soltis, Douglas E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soltis, Pamela S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tate, Jennifer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matyasek, Roman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Srubarova, Hana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kovarik, Ales</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pires, J Chris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiong, Zhiyong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leitch, Andrew R</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lim, K Yoong</au><au>Soltis, Douglas E</au><au>Soltis, Pamela S</au><au>Tate, Jennifer</au><au>Matyasek, Roman</au><au>Srubarova, Hana</au><au>Kovarik, Ales</au><au>Pires, J Chris</au><au>Xiong, Zhiyong</au><au>Leitch, Andrew R</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Rapid chromosome evolution in recently formed polyploids in Tragopogon (Asteraceae)</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2008-10-09</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>3</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>e3353</spage><epage>e3353</epage><pages>e3353-e3353</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Polyploidy, frequently termed "whole genome duplication", is a major force in the evolution of many eukaryotes. Indeed, most angiosperm species have undergone at least one round of polyploidy in their evolutionary history. Despite enormous progress in our understanding of many aspects of polyploidy, we essentially have no information about the role of chromosome divergence in the establishment of young polyploid populations. Here we investigate synthetic lines and natural populations of two recently and recurrently formed allotetraploids Tragopogon mirus and T. miscellus (formed within the past 80 years) to assess the role of aberrant meiosis in generating chromosomal/genomic diversity. That diversity is likely important in the formation, establishment and survival of polyploid populations and species.
Applications of fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) to natural populations of T. mirus and T. miscellus suggest that chromosomal rearrangements and other chromosomal changes are common in both allotetraploids. We detected extensive chromosomal polymorphism between individuals and populations, including (i) plants monosomic and trisomic for particular chromosomes (perhaps indicating compensatory trisomy), (ii) intergenomic translocations and (iii) variable sizes and expression patterns of individual ribosomal DNA (rDNA) loci. We even observed karyotypic variation among sibling plants. Significantly, translocations, chromosome loss, and meiotic irregularities, including quadrivalent formation, were observed in synthetic (S(0) and S(1) generations) polyploid lines. Our results not only provide a mechanism for chromosomal variation in natural populations, but also indicate that chromosomal changes occur rapidly following polyploidisation.
These data shed new light on previous analyses of genome and transcriptome structures in de novo and establishing polyploid species. Crucially our results highlight the necessity of studying karyotypes in young (<150 years old) polyploid species and synthetic polyploids that resemble natural species. The data also provide insight into the mechanisms that perturb inheritance patterns of genetic markers in synthetic polyploids and populations of young natural polyploid species.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>18843372</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0003353</doi><tpages>e3353</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
ispartof | PloS one, 2008-10, Vol.3 (10), p.e3353-e3353 |
issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1312439163 |
source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
subjects | Aberration Analysis Asteraceae Barley Biological evolution Biology Biophysics Chromosome rearrangements Chromosome translocations Chromosomes Chromosomes, Plant Cytogenetics Deoxyribonucleic acid Diploidy Divergence DNA DNA methylation DNA, Ribosomal - genetics Epigenetics Eukaryotes Evolution Evolution, Molecular Evolutionary genetics Fish populations Fluorescence Fluorescence in situ hybridization Gene expression Genetic markers Genetic polymorphisms Genetic research Genetics Genetics and Genomics/Genomics Genetics and Genomics/Plant Genomes and Evolution Genetics and Genomics/Population Genetics Genome, Plant Genomes Genomics Heredity Hybridization In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence Karyotypes Karyotyping Life sciences Meiosis Meiosis - physiology Mitosis - physiology Mutation Natural populations Polymorphism Polyploidy Populations Rape plants Species Tragopogon - anatomy & histology Tragopogon - genetics Tragopogon dubius Tragopogon mirus Tragopogon miscellus Tragopogon porrifolius Trisomy |
title | Rapid chromosome evolution in recently formed polyploids in Tragopogon (Asteraceae) |
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