Prenatal restraint stress generates two distinct behavioral and neurochemical profiles in male and female rats

Prenatal Restraint Stress (PRS) in rats is a validated model of early stress resulting in permanent behavioral and neurobiological outcomes. Although sexual dimorphism in the effects of PRS has been hypothesized for more than 30 years, few studies in this long period have directly addressed the issu...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2008-05, Vol.3 (5), p.e2170-e2170
Hauptverfasser: Zuena, Anna Rita, Mairesse, Jerome, Casolini, Paola, Cinque, Carlo, Alemà, Giovanni Sebastiano, Morley-Fletcher, Sara, Chiodi, Valentina, Spagnoli, Luigi Giusto, Gradini, Roberto, Catalani, Assia, Nicoletti, Ferdinando, Maccari, Stefania
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creator Zuena, Anna Rita
Mairesse, Jerome
Casolini, Paola
Cinque, Carlo
Alemà, Giovanni Sebastiano
Morley-Fletcher, Sara
Chiodi, Valentina
Spagnoli, Luigi Giusto
Gradini, Roberto
Catalani, Assia
Nicoletti, Ferdinando
Maccari, Stefania
description Prenatal Restraint Stress (PRS) in rats is a validated model of early stress resulting in permanent behavioral and neurobiological outcomes. Although sexual dimorphism in the effects of PRS has been hypothesized for more than 30 years, few studies in this long period have directly addressed the issue. Our group has uncovered a pronounced gender difference in the effects of PRS (stress delivered to the mothers 3 times per day during the last 10 days of pregnancy) on anxiety, spatial learning, and a series of neurobiological parameters classically associated with hippocampus-dependent behaviors. Adult male rats subjected to PRS ("PRS rats") showed increased anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze (EPM), a reduction in the survival of newborn cells in the dentate gyrus, a reduction in the activity of mGlu1/5 metabotropic glutamate receptors in the ventral hippocampus, and an increase in the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and pro-BDNF in the hippocampus. In contrast, female PRS rats displayed reduced anxiety in the EPM, improved learning in the Morris water maze, an increase in the activity of mGlu1/5 receptors in the ventral and dorsal hippocampus, and no changes in hippocampal neurogenesis or BDNF levels. The direction of the changes in neurogenesis, BDNF levels and mGlu receptor function in PRS animals was not consistent with the behavioral changes, suggesting that PRS perturbs the interdependency of these particular parameters and their relation to hippocampus-dependent behavior. Our data suggest that the epigenetic changes in hippocampal neuroplasticity induced by early environmental challenges are critically sex-dependent and that the behavioral outcome may diverge in males and females.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0002170
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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zuena, Anna Rita</au><au>Mairesse, Jerome</au><au>Casolini, Paola</au><au>Cinque, Carlo</au><au>Alemà, Giovanni Sebastiano</au><au>Morley-Fletcher, Sara</au><au>Chiodi, Valentina</au><au>Spagnoli, Luigi Giusto</au><au>Gradini, Roberto</au><au>Catalani, Assia</au><au>Nicoletti, Ferdinando</au><au>Maccari, Stefania</au><au>Cookson, Mark R.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Prenatal restraint stress generates two distinct behavioral and neurochemical profiles in male and female rats</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2008-05-14</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>3</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e2170</spage><epage>e2170</epage><pages>e2170-e2170</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Prenatal Restraint Stress (PRS) in rats is a validated model of early stress resulting in permanent behavioral and neurobiological outcomes. Although sexual dimorphism in the effects of PRS has been hypothesized for more than 30 years, few studies in this long period have directly addressed the issue. Our group has uncovered a pronounced gender difference in the effects of PRS (stress delivered to the mothers 3 times per day during the last 10 days of pregnancy) on anxiety, spatial learning, and a series of neurobiological parameters classically associated with hippocampus-dependent behaviors. Adult male rats subjected to PRS ("PRS rats") showed increased anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze (EPM), a reduction in the survival of newborn cells in the dentate gyrus, a reduction in the activity of mGlu1/5 metabotropic glutamate receptors in the ventral hippocampus, and an increase in the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and pro-BDNF in the hippocampus. In contrast, female PRS rats displayed reduced anxiety in the EPM, improved learning in the Morris water maze, an increase in the activity of mGlu1/5 receptors in the ventral and dorsal hippocampus, and no changes in hippocampal neurogenesis or BDNF levels. The direction of the changes in neurogenesis, BDNF levels and mGlu receptor function in PRS animals was not consistent with the behavioral changes, suggesting that PRS perturbs the interdependency of these particular parameters and their relation to hippocampus-dependent behavior. Our data suggest that the epigenetic changes in hippocampal neuroplasticity induced by early environmental challenges are critically sex-dependent and that the behavioral outcome may diverge in males and females.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>18478112</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0002170</doi><tpages>e2170</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 1932-6203
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1932-6203
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source PLoS; MEDLINE; Full-Text Journals in Chemistry (Open access); DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PubMed Central; EZB Electronic Journals Library
subjects Amino acids
Animal behavior
Animals
Animals, Newborn
Anxieties
Anxiety
Behavior
Behavioral plasticity
Brain
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - metabolism
Cell Biology/Cellular Death and Stress Responses
Cell Biology/Neuronal and Glial Cell Biology
Cell Biology/Neuronal Signaling Mechanisms
Cell Differentiation
Cell survival
Chemical Biology/Protein Chemistry and Proteomics
Dentate gyrus
Developmental Biology/Neurodevelopment
Diabetes and Endocrinology/Neuroendocrinology and Pituitary
Diabetes and Endocrinology/Type 2 Diabetes
Dimorphism
Female
Females
Gender
Genetics and Genomics/Epigenetics
Glutamate
Glutamic acid receptors (metabotropic)
Hippocampal plasticity
Hippocampus
Hippocampus - cytology
Hippocampus - metabolism
Histology
Hydrolysis
Immobilization
Learning
Male
Males
Maze learning
Memory
Mental Health/Anxiety Disorders
Mental Health/Psychopharmacology
Metabolism
Nervous system
Neurobiology
Neurogenesis
Neuroplasticity
Neuroscience/Neural Homeostasis
Neuroscience/Neurobiology of Disease and Regeneration
Neuroscience/Neuronal and Glial Cell Biology
Neuroscience/Neuronal Signaling Mechanisms
Pharmacology
Phenols
Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates - metabolism
Physiology
Physiology/Endocrinology
Pregnancy
Prenatal experience
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5
Receptors
Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate - metabolism
Reduction
Rodents
Sex Factors
Sexual dimorphism
Spatial discrimination learning
Spatial memory
Stress
Stresses
title Prenatal restraint stress generates two distinct behavioral and neurochemical profiles in male and female rats
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