Abundance of sea kraits correlates with precipitation
Recent studies have shown that sea kraits (Laticauda spp.)--amphibious sea snakes--dehydrate without a source of fresh water, drink only fresh water or very dilute brackish water, and have a spatial distribution of abundance that correlates with freshwater sites in Taiwan. The spatial distribution c...
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| description | Recent studies have shown that sea kraits (Laticauda spp.)--amphibious sea snakes--dehydrate without a source of fresh water, drink only fresh water or very dilute brackish water, and have a spatial distribution of abundance that correlates with freshwater sites in Taiwan. The spatial distribution correlates with sites where there is a source of fresh water in addition to local precipitation. Here we report six years of longitudinal data on the abundance of sea kraits related to precipitation at sites where these snakes are normally abundant in the coastal waters of Lanyu (Orchid Island), Taiwan. The number of observed sea kraits varies from year-to-year and correlates positively with previous 6-mo cumulative rainfall, which serves as an inverse index of drought. Grouped data for snake counts indicate that mean abundance in wet years is nearly 3-fold greater than in dry years, and this difference is significant. These data corroborate previous findings and suggest that freshwater dependence influences the abundance or activity of sea kraits on both spatial and temporal scales. The increasing evidence for freshwater dependence in these and other marine species have important implications for the possible impact of climate change on sea snake distributions. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0028556 |
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The spatial distribution correlates with sites where there is a source of fresh water in addition to local precipitation. Here we report six years of longitudinal data on the abundance of sea kraits related to precipitation at sites where these snakes are normally abundant in the coastal waters of Lanyu (Orchid Island), Taiwan. The number of observed sea kraits varies from year-to-year and correlates positively with previous 6-mo cumulative rainfall, which serves as an inverse index of drought. Grouped data for snake counts indicate that mean abundance in wet years is nearly 3-fold greater than in dry years, and this difference is significant. These data corroborate previous findings and suggest that freshwater dependence influences the abundance or activity of sea kraits on both spatial and temporal scales. The increasing evidence for freshwater dependence in these and other marine species have important implications for the possible impact of climate change on sea snake distributions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028556</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22194849</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Abundance ; Animals ; Biology ; Brackish water ; Bungarus - physiology ; Climate change ; Coastal waters ; Correlation analysis ; Dehydration ; Dilution ; Drinking water ; Drought ; Drought index ; Earth Sciences ; Elapidae - physiology ; Fresh water ; Freshwater ; Freshwater environments ; Global temperature changes ; Global warming ; Hydrologic data ; Hypotheses ; Laticauda ; Laticauda colubrina ; Laticauda semifasciata ; Local precipitation ; Precipitation ; Rain ; Rainfall ; Salinity ; Snakes ; Spatial distribution ; Surface water ; Trends ; Water shortages ; Water temperature</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2011-12, Vol.6 (12), p.e28556</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2011 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2011 Lillywhite, Tu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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The spatial distribution correlates with sites where there is a source of fresh water in addition to local precipitation. Here we report six years of longitudinal data on the abundance of sea kraits related to precipitation at sites where these snakes are normally abundant in the coastal waters of Lanyu (Orchid Island), Taiwan. The number of observed sea kraits varies from year-to-year and correlates positively with previous 6-mo cumulative rainfall, which serves as an inverse index of drought. Grouped data for snake counts indicate that mean abundance in wet years is nearly 3-fold greater than in dry years, and this difference is significant. These data corroborate previous findings and suggest that freshwater dependence influences the abundance or activity of sea kraits on both spatial and temporal scales. 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The spatial distribution correlates with sites where there is a source of fresh water in addition to local precipitation. Here we report six years of longitudinal data on the abundance of sea kraits related to precipitation at sites where these snakes are normally abundant in the coastal waters of Lanyu (Orchid Island), Taiwan. The number of observed sea kraits varies from year-to-year and correlates positively with previous 6-mo cumulative rainfall, which serves as an inverse index of drought. Grouped data for snake counts indicate that mean abundance in wet years is nearly 3-fold greater than in dry years, and this difference is significant. These data corroborate previous findings and suggest that freshwater dependence influences the abundance or activity of sea kraits on both spatial and temporal scales. The increasing evidence for freshwater dependence in these and other marine species have important implications for the possible impact of climate change on sea snake distributions.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>22194849</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0028556</doi><tpages>e28556</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Abundance Animals Biology Brackish water Bungarus - physiology Climate change Coastal waters Correlation analysis Dehydration Dilution Drinking water Drought Drought index Earth Sciences Elapidae - physiology Fresh water Freshwater Freshwater environments Global temperature changes Global warming Hydrologic data Hypotheses Laticauda Laticauda colubrina Laticauda semifasciata Local precipitation Precipitation Rain Rainfall Salinity Snakes Spatial distribution Surface water Trends Water shortages Water temperature |
| title | Abundance of sea kraits correlates with precipitation |
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