A comparison of the epidemiology and clinical presentation of seasonal influenza A and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in Guatemala
A new influenza A (H1N1) virus was first found in April 2009 and proceeded to cause a global pandemic. We compare the epidemiology and clinical presentation of seasonal influenza A (H1N1 and H3N2) and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) using a prospective surveillance system for acute respirat...
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| creator | Lindblade, Kim A Arvelo, Wences Gray, Jennifer Estevez, Alejandra Frenkel, Gal Reyes, Lissette Moscoso, Fabiola Moir, Juan Carlos Fry, Alicia M Olsen, Sonja J |
| description | A new influenza A (H1N1) virus was first found in April 2009 and proceeded to cause a global pandemic. We compare the epidemiology and clinical presentation of seasonal influenza A (H1N1 and H3N2) and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) using a prospective surveillance system for acute respiratory disease in Guatemala.
Patients admitted to two public hospitals in Guatemala in 2008-2009 who met a pneumonia case definition, and ambulatory patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) at 10 ambulatory clinics were invited to participate. Data were collected through patient interview, chart abstraction and standardized physical and radiological exams. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken from all enrolled patients for laboratory diagnosis of influenza A virus infection with real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We identified 1,744 eligible, hospitalized pneumonia patients, enrolled 1,666 (96%) and tested samples from 1,601 (96%); 138 (9%) had influenza A virus infection. Surveillance for ILI found 899 eligible patients, enrolled 801 (89%) and tested samples from 793 (99%); influenza A virus infection was identified in 246 (31%). The age distribution of hospitalized pneumonia patients was similar between seasonal H1N1 and pH1N1 (P = 0.21); the proportion of pneumonia patients |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0015826 |
| format | Article |
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Patients admitted to two public hospitals in Guatemala in 2008-2009 who met a pneumonia case definition, and ambulatory patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) at 10 ambulatory clinics were invited to participate. Data were collected through patient interview, chart abstraction and standardized physical and radiological exams. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken from all enrolled patients for laboratory diagnosis of influenza A virus infection with real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We identified 1,744 eligible, hospitalized pneumonia patients, enrolled 1,666 (96%) and tested samples from 1,601 (96%); 138 (9%) had influenza A virus infection. Surveillance for ILI found 899 eligible patients, enrolled 801 (89%) and tested samples from 793 (99%); influenza A virus infection was identified in 246 (31%). The age distribution of hospitalized pneumonia patients was similar between seasonal H1N1 and pH1N1 (P = 0.21); the proportion of pneumonia patients <1 year old with seasonal H1N1 (39%) and pH1N1 (37%) were similar (P = 0.42). The clinical presentation of pH1N1 and seasonal influenza A was similar for both hospitalized pneumonia and ILI patients. Although signs of severity (admission to an intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation and death) were higher among cases of pH1N1 than seasonal H1N1, none of the differences was statistically significant.
Small sample sizes may limit the power of this study to find significant differences between seasonal influenza A and pH1N1. In Guatemala, influenza, whether seasonal or pH1N1, appears to cause severe disease mainly in infants; targeted vaccination of children should be considered.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015826</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21209850</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age composition ; Ambulatory care facilities ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Comparative analysis ; Disease control ; Disease prevention ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Guatemala ; Health aspects ; Health surveillance ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Infant ; Infants ; Infections ; Influenza ; Influenza A ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - genetics ; Influenza, Human - epidemiology ; Influenza, Human - virology ; Male ; Mechanical ventilation ; Medicine ; Pandemics ; Patients ; Pediatric diseases ; Pediatrics ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia - epidemiology ; Pneumonia - virology ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Population ; Public health ; Respiratory diseases ; Reverse transcription ; Seasons ; Statistical analysis ; Statistical methods ; Surveillance ; Swine flu ; Vaccination ; Ventilation ; Viruses</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2010-12, Vol.5 (12), p.e15826-e15826</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2010 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2010. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. 2010</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c658t-576d2ed333e8075b17e042abe1ee91a6ccddc10d2df966016a93e85be7e5e15e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c658t-576d2ed333e8075b17e042abe1ee91a6ccddc10d2df966016a93e85be7e5e15e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3012722/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3012722/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21209850$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Cowling, Benjamin J.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Lindblade, Kim A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arvelo, Wences</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gray, Jennifer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Estevez, Alejandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frenkel, Gal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reyes, Lissette</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moscoso, Fabiola</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moir, Juan Carlos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fry, Alicia M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olsen, Sonja J</creatorcontrib><title>A comparison of the epidemiology and clinical presentation of seasonal influenza A and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in Guatemala</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>A new influenza A (H1N1) virus was first found in April 2009 and proceeded to cause a global pandemic. We compare the epidemiology and clinical presentation of seasonal influenza A (H1N1 and H3N2) and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) using a prospective surveillance system for acute respiratory disease in Guatemala.
Patients admitted to two public hospitals in Guatemala in 2008-2009 who met a pneumonia case definition, and ambulatory patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) at 10 ambulatory clinics were invited to participate. Data were collected through patient interview, chart abstraction and standardized physical and radiological exams. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken from all enrolled patients for laboratory diagnosis of influenza A virus infection with real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We identified 1,744 eligible, hospitalized pneumonia patients, enrolled 1,666 (96%) and tested samples from 1,601 (96%); 138 (9%) had influenza A virus infection. Surveillance for ILI found 899 eligible patients, enrolled 801 (89%) and tested samples from 793 (99%); influenza A virus infection was identified in 246 (31%). The age distribution of hospitalized pneumonia patients was similar between seasonal H1N1 and pH1N1 (P = 0.21); the proportion of pneumonia patients <1 year old with seasonal H1N1 (39%) and pH1N1 (37%) were similar (P = 0.42). The clinical presentation of pH1N1 and seasonal influenza A was similar for both hospitalized pneumonia and ILI patients. Although signs of severity (admission to an intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation and death) were higher among cases of pH1N1 than seasonal H1N1, none of the differences was statistically significant.
Small sample sizes may limit the power of this study to find significant differences between seasonal influenza A and pH1N1. In Guatemala, influenza, whether seasonal or pH1N1, appears to cause severe disease mainly in infants; targeted vaccination of children should be considered.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age composition</subject><subject>Ambulatory care facilities</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Comparative analysis</subject><subject>Disease control</subject><subject>Disease prevention</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Guatemala</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health surveillance</subject><subject>Hospitalization</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infants</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Influenza</subject><subject>Influenza A</subject><subject>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - genetics</subject><subject>Influenza, Human - epidemiology</subject><subject>Influenza, Human - virology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mechanical ventilation</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Pandemics</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Pediatric diseases</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Pneumonia</subject><subject>Pneumonia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pneumonia - virology</subject><subject>Polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Respiratory diseases</subject><subject>Reverse transcription</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>Surveillance</subject><subject>Swine 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comparison of the epidemiology and clinical presentation of seasonal influenza A and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in Guatemala</title><author>Lindblade, Kim A ; Arvelo, Wences ; Gray, Jennifer ; Estevez, Alejandra ; Frenkel, Gal ; Reyes, Lissette ; Moscoso, Fabiola ; Moir, Juan Carlos ; Fry, Alicia M ; Olsen, Sonja J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c658t-576d2ed333e8075b17e042abe1ee91a6ccddc10d2df966016a93e85be7e5e15e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age composition</topic><topic>Ambulatory care facilities</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Comparative analysis</topic><topic>Disease control</topic><topic>Disease prevention</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Guatemala</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Health surveillance</topic><topic>Hospitalization</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infants</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Influenza</topic><topic>Influenza A</topic><topic>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - genetics</topic><topic>Influenza, Human - epidemiology</topic><topic>Influenza, Human - virology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mechanical ventilation</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Pandemics</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Pediatric diseases</topic><topic>Pediatrics</topic><topic>Pneumonia</topic><topic>Pneumonia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Pneumonia - virology</topic><topic>Polymerase chain reaction</topic><topic>Population</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Respiratory diseases</topic><topic>Reverse transcription</topic><topic>Seasons</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Statistical methods</topic><topic>Surveillance</topic><topic>Swine 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Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lindblade, Kim A</au><au>Arvelo, Wences</au><au>Gray, Jennifer</au><au>Estevez, Alejandra</au><au>Frenkel, Gal</au><au>Reyes, Lissette</au><au>Moscoso, Fabiola</au><au>Moir, Juan Carlos</au><au>Fry, Alicia M</au><au>Olsen, Sonja J</au><au>Cowling, Benjamin J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A comparison of the epidemiology and clinical presentation of seasonal influenza A and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in Guatemala</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2010-12-30</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>5</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>e15826</spage><epage>e15826</epage><pages>e15826-e15826</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>A new influenza A (H1N1) virus was first found in April 2009 and proceeded to cause a global pandemic. We compare the epidemiology and clinical presentation of seasonal influenza A (H1N1 and H3N2) and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) using a prospective surveillance system for acute respiratory disease in Guatemala.
Patients admitted to two public hospitals in Guatemala in 2008-2009 who met a pneumonia case definition, and ambulatory patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) at 10 ambulatory clinics were invited to participate. Data were collected through patient interview, chart abstraction and standardized physical and radiological exams. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken from all enrolled patients for laboratory diagnosis of influenza A virus infection with real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We identified 1,744 eligible, hospitalized pneumonia patients, enrolled 1,666 (96%) and tested samples from 1,601 (96%); 138 (9%) had influenza A virus infection. Surveillance for ILI found 899 eligible patients, enrolled 801 (89%) and tested samples from 793 (99%); influenza A virus infection was identified in 246 (31%). The age distribution of hospitalized pneumonia patients was similar between seasonal H1N1 and pH1N1 (P = 0.21); the proportion of pneumonia patients <1 year old with seasonal H1N1 (39%) and pH1N1 (37%) were similar (P = 0.42). The clinical presentation of pH1N1 and seasonal influenza A was similar for both hospitalized pneumonia and ILI patients. Although signs of severity (admission to an intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation and death) were higher among cases of pH1N1 than seasonal H1N1, none of the differences was statistically significant.
Small sample sizes may limit the power of this study to find significant differences between seasonal influenza A and pH1N1. In Guatemala, influenza, whether seasonal or pH1N1, appears to cause severe disease mainly in infants; targeted vaccination of children should be considered.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>21209850</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0015826</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Age composition Ambulatory care facilities Child Child, Preschool Children Comparative analysis Disease control Disease prevention Epidemiology Female Guatemala Health aspects Health surveillance Hospitalization Hospitals Humans Infant Infants Infections Influenza Influenza A Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - genetics Influenza, Human - epidemiology Influenza, Human - virology Male Mechanical ventilation Medicine Pandemics Patients Pediatric diseases Pediatrics Pneumonia Pneumonia - epidemiology Pneumonia - virology Polymerase chain reaction Population Public health Respiratory diseases Reverse transcription Seasons Statistical analysis Statistical methods Surveillance Swine flu Vaccination Ventilation Viruses |
| title | A comparison of the epidemiology and clinical presentation of seasonal influenza A and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in Guatemala |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-24T08%3A55%3A19IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A%20comparison%20of%20the%20epidemiology%20and%20clinical%20presentation%20of%20seasonal%20influenza%20A%20and%202009%20pandemic%20influenza%20A%20(H1N1)%20in%20Guatemala&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Lindblade,%20Kim%20A&rft.date=2010-12-30&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=e15826&rft.epage=e15826&rft.pages=e15826-e15826&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0015826&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA473811133%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1312183768&rft_id=info:pmid/21209850&rft_galeid=A473811133&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_ee455652388c4009b699ea94afa9bb19&rfr_iscdi=true |