Impact of lack of breast feeding during neonatal age on the development of clinical signs of pneumonia and hypoxemia in young infants with diarrhea
Hypoxemia is a grave sequel of pneumonia, and an important predictor of a fatal outcome. Pneumonia in the neonatal period is often associated with lack of breast feeding. However, there is no published report on the impact of the cessation of breast feeding in the neonatal period on the development...
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| description | Hypoxemia is a grave sequel of pneumonia, and an important predictor of a fatal outcome. Pneumonia in the neonatal period is often associated with lack of breast feeding. However, there is no published report on the impact of the cessation of breast feeding in the neonatal period on the development of pneumonia and hypoxemia. The purpose of our study was to assess the impact of non-breast feeding or stopping breast feeding during the neonatal period (henceforth to be referred to as non-breast fed) on clinical features of pneumonia and hypoxemia in 0-6-month-old infants with diarrhea admitted to an urban hospital in Bangladesh.
We prospectively enrolled all infants (n = 107) aged 0 to 6 months who were admitted to the Special Care Ward (SCW) of the Dhaka Hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDR,B) with diarrhea and pneumonia from September 2007 through December 2007.We compared the clinical features of pneumonia and hypoxemia of breast fed infants (n = 34) with those who were non-breast fed (n = 73).
The median (inter-quartile range) duration of hypoxemia (hours) in non-breast-feds was longer than breast-fed infants [0.0 (0.0, 12.0) vs. 12.0 (0.0, 21.75); p = 0.021]. After adjusting for potential confounders such as inability to drink, fever, head nodding, cyanosis, grunting respiration, and lower chest wall in drawing, the non-breast-fed infants with pneumonia along with diarrhea had a higher probability of cough (OR 9.09; CI 1.34-61.71; p = 0.024), hypoxemia (OR 3.32; CI 1.23-8.93; p = 0.017), and severe undernutrition (OR 3.42; CI 1.29-9.12; p = 0.014).
Non-breast feeding or cessation of breast feeding during the neonatal period may substantially increase the incidence of severe malnutrition, incidence of cough, and both the incidence and duration of hypoxemia in young infants presenting with pneumonia and diarrhea. The findings emphasize the paramount importance of the continuation of breast feeding in the neonatal period and early infancy. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0025817 |
| format | Article |
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We prospectively enrolled all infants (n = 107) aged 0 to 6 months who were admitted to the Special Care Ward (SCW) of the Dhaka Hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDR,B) with diarrhea and pneumonia from September 2007 through December 2007.We compared the clinical features of pneumonia and hypoxemia of breast fed infants (n = 34) with those who were non-breast fed (n = 73).
The median (inter-quartile range) duration of hypoxemia (hours) in non-breast-feds was longer than breast-fed infants [0.0 (0.0, 12.0) vs. 12.0 (0.0, 21.75); p = 0.021]. After adjusting for potential confounders such as inability to drink, fever, head nodding, cyanosis, grunting respiration, and lower chest wall in drawing, the non-breast-fed infants with pneumonia along with diarrhea had a higher probability of cough (OR 9.09; CI 1.34-61.71; p = 0.024), hypoxemia (OR 3.32; CI 1.23-8.93; p = 0.017), and severe undernutrition (OR 3.42; CI 1.29-9.12; p = 0.014).
Non-breast feeding or cessation of breast feeding during the neonatal period may substantially increase the incidence of severe malnutrition, incidence of cough, and both the incidence and duration of hypoxemia in young infants presenting with pneumonia and diarrhea. The findings emphasize the paramount importance of the continuation of breast feeding in the neonatal period and early infancy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025817</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21991362</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Anoxemia ; Asthma ; Audits ; Babies ; Breast ; Breast Feeding ; Breast milk ; Breastfeeding & lactation ; Child mortality ; Children & youth ; Cough ; Cyanosis ; Developing countries ; Diarrhea ; Diarrhea - complications ; Directors ; Environment ; Family medical history ; Feeding ; Female ; Fever ; Growth factors ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Hypoxemia ; Hypoxia - etiology ; Hypoxia - pathology ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infants ; LDCs ; Male ; Malnutrition ; Medicine ; Neonates ; Newborn babies ; Newborn infants ; Nutrition ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia - etiology ; Pneumonia - pathology ; Sleep disorders ; Social Class ; Undernutrition</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2011-10, Vol.6 (10), p.e25817-e25817</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2011 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2011 Chisti et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Chisti et al. 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c691t-13c5c2d1373560834212d1d03c6ee12a621155e6c4961d5aa390bc84a29bcd1e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c691t-13c5c2d1373560834212d1d03c6ee12a621155e6c4961d5aa390bc84a29bcd1e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3185044/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3185044/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79569,79570</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21991362$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chisti, Mohammod J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salam, Mohammed A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, Jonathan Harvey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahmed, Tahmeed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ashraf, Hasan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bardhan, Pradip K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pietroni, Mark A C</creatorcontrib><title>Impact of lack of breast feeding during neonatal age on the development of clinical signs of pneumonia and hypoxemia in young infants with diarrhea</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Hypoxemia is a grave sequel of pneumonia, and an important predictor of a fatal outcome. Pneumonia in the neonatal period is often associated with lack of breast feeding. However, there is no published report on the impact of the cessation of breast feeding in the neonatal period on the development of pneumonia and hypoxemia. The purpose of our study was to assess the impact of non-breast feeding or stopping breast feeding during the neonatal period (henceforth to be referred to as non-breast fed) on clinical features of pneumonia and hypoxemia in 0-6-month-old infants with diarrhea admitted to an urban hospital in Bangladesh.
We prospectively enrolled all infants (n = 107) aged 0 to 6 months who were admitted to the Special Care Ward (SCW) of the Dhaka Hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDR,B) with diarrhea and pneumonia from September 2007 through December 2007.We compared the clinical features of pneumonia and hypoxemia of breast fed infants (n = 34) with those who were non-breast fed (n = 73).
The median (inter-quartile range) duration of hypoxemia (hours) in non-breast-feds was longer than breast-fed infants [0.0 (0.0, 12.0) vs. 12.0 (0.0, 21.75); p = 0.021]. After adjusting for potential confounders such as inability to drink, fever, head nodding, cyanosis, grunting respiration, and lower chest wall in drawing, the non-breast-fed infants with pneumonia along with diarrhea had a higher probability of cough (OR 9.09; CI 1.34-61.71; p = 0.024), hypoxemia (OR 3.32; CI 1.23-8.93; p = 0.017), and severe undernutrition (OR 3.42; CI 1.29-9.12; p = 0.014).
Non-breast feeding or cessation of breast feeding during the neonatal period may substantially increase the incidence of severe malnutrition, incidence of cough, and both the incidence and duration of hypoxemia in young infants presenting with pneumonia and diarrhea. The findings emphasize the paramount importance of the continuation of breast feeding in the neonatal period and early infancy.</description><subject>Anoxemia</subject><subject>Asthma</subject><subject>Audits</subject><subject>Babies</subject><subject>Breast</subject><subject>Breast Feeding</subject><subject>Breast milk</subject><subject>Breastfeeding & lactation</subject><subject>Child mortality</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Cough</subject><subject>Cyanosis</subject><subject>Developing countries</subject><subject>Diarrhea</subject><subject>Diarrhea - complications</subject><subject>Directors</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Family medical history</subject><subject>Feeding</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fever</subject><subject>Growth factors</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypoxemia</subject><subject>Hypoxia - etiology</subject><subject>Hypoxia - pathology</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Infants</subject><subject>LDCs</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Malnutrition</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Neonates</subject><subject>Newborn babies</subject><subject>Newborn infants</subject><subject>Nutrition</subject><subject>Pneumonia</subject><subject>Pneumonia - etiology</subject><subject>Pneumonia - pathology</subject><subject>Sleep disorders</subject><subject>Social Class</subject><subject>Undernutrition</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk9tu1DAQhiMEoqXwBggsIYG42MWH2JvcIFUVh5UqVeJ0a83aTtbFsYPtlPY5eGG83W3VRb1AuZjM-Jvf9oynqp4TPCdsQd6dhyl6cPMxeDPHmPKGLB5Uh6RldCYoZg_v_B9UT1I6x5izRojH1QElbUuYoIfVn-UwgsoodMiB-rmxq2ggZdQZo63vkZ7ixngTPGRwCHqDgkd5bZA2F8aFcTD-WkA5660qSLK9T5vI6M00BG8BgddofTWGSzMUz3p0Faaian0HPif02-Y10hZiXBt4Wj3qwCXzbGePqu8fP3w7-Tw7Pfu0PDk-nSnRkjwjTHFFdSkG4wI3rKakeBozJYwhFAQlhHMjVN0KojkAa_FKNTXQdqU0MeyoernVHV1IclfPJAnDLaWc0KYQyy2hA5zLMdoB4pUMYOV1IMReQsxWOSNF0-la6XZFal5rvYDitQ0jK4OJAs6K1vvdbtNqMFqVokVwe6L7K96uZR8uJCMNx3VdBN7sBGL4NZmU5WCTMs5B6c2UZNM2pCV0QQr56h_y_svtqB7K-UsnQtlWbTTlcb0QjWgZ54Wa30OVT5dOqvL2Olviewlv9xIKk81l7mFKSS6_fvl_9uzHPvv6DlueicvrFNyUbfBpH6y3oIohpWi62xoTLDejc1MNuRkduRudkvbibn9uk25mhf0F5-4VWw</recordid><startdate>20111003</startdate><enddate>20111003</enddate><creator>Chisti, Mohammod J</creator><creator>Salam, Mohammed A</creator><creator>Smith, Jonathan Harvey</creator><creator>Ahmed, Tahmeed</creator><creator>Ashraf, Hasan</creator><creator>Bardhan, Pradip K</creator><creator>Pietroni, Mark A C</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20111003</creationdate><title>Impact of lack of breast feeding during neonatal age on the development of clinical signs of pneumonia and hypoxemia in young infants with diarrhea</title><author>Chisti, Mohammod J ; Salam, Mohammed A ; Smith, Jonathan Harvey ; Ahmed, Tahmeed ; Ashraf, Hasan ; Bardhan, Pradip K ; Pietroni, Mark A C</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c691t-13c5c2d1373560834212d1d03c6ee12a621155e6c4961d5aa390bc84a29bcd1e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Anoxemia</topic><topic>Asthma</topic><topic>Audits</topic><topic>Babies</topic><topic>Breast</topic><topic>Breast Feeding</topic><topic>Breast milk</topic><topic>Breastfeeding & lactation</topic><topic>Child mortality</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Cough</topic><topic>Cyanosis</topic><topic>Developing countries</topic><topic>Diarrhea</topic><topic>Diarrhea - 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Pneumonia in the neonatal period is often associated with lack of breast feeding. However, there is no published report on the impact of the cessation of breast feeding in the neonatal period on the development of pneumonia and hypoxemia. The purpose of our study was to assess the impact of non-breast feeding or stopping breast feeding during the neonatal period (henceforth to be referred to as non-breast fed) on clinical features of pneumonia and hypoxemia in 0-6-month-old infants with diarrhea admitted to an urban hospital in Bangladesh.
We prospectively enrolled all infants (n = 107) aged 0 to 6 months who were admitted to the Special Care Ward (SCW) of the Dhaka Hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDR,B) with diarrhea and pneumonia from September 2007 through December 2007.We compared the clinical features of pneumonia and hypoxemia of breast fed infants (n = 34) with those who were non-breast fed (n = 73).
The median (inter-quartile range) duration of hypoxemia (hours) in non-breast-feds was longer than breast-fed infants [0.0 (0.0, 12.0) vs. 12.0 (0.0, 21.75); p = 0.021]. After adjusting for potential confounders such as inability to drink, fever, head nodding, cyanosis, grunting respiration, and lower chest wall in drawing, the non-breast-fed infants with pneumonia along with diarrhea had a higher probability of cough (OR 9.09; CI 1.34-61.71; p = 0.024), hypoxemia (OR 3.32; CI 1.23-8.93; p = 0.017), and severe undernutrition (OR 3.42; CI 1.29-9.12; p = 0.014).
Non-breast feeding or cessation of breast feeding during the neonatal period may substantially increase the incidence of severe malnutrition, incidence of cough, and both the incidence and duration of hypoxemia in young infants presenting with pneumonia and diarrhea. The findings emphasize the paramount importance of the continuation of breast feeding in the neonatal period and early infancy.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>21991362</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0025817</doi><tpages>e25817</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Anoxemia Asthma Audits Babies Breast Breast Feeding Breast milk Breastfeeding & lactation Child mortality Children & youth Cough Cyanosis Developing countries Diarrhea Diarrhea - complications Directors Environment Family medical history Feeding Female Fever Growth factors Hospitals Humans Hypoxemia Hypoxia - etiology Hypoxia - pathology Incidence Infant Infant, Newborn Infants LDCs Male Malnutrition Medicine Neonates Newborn babies Newborn infants Nutrition Pneumonia Pneumonia - etiology Pneumonia - pathology Sleep disorders Social Class Undernutrition |
| title | Impact of lack of breast feeding during neonatal age on the development of clinical signs of pneumonia and hypoxemia in young infants with diarrhea |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-13T20%3A14%3A00IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Impact%20of%20lack%20of%20breast%20feeding%20during%20neonatal%20age%20on%20the%20development%20of%20clinical%20signs%20of%20pneumonia%20and%20hypoxemia%20in%20young%20infants%20with%20diarrhea&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Chisti,%20Mohammod%20J&rft.date=2011-10-03&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=e25817&rft.epage=e25817&rft.pages=e25817-e25817&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0025817&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA476869355%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1309225128&rft_id=info:pmid/21991362&rft_galeid=A476869355&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_68fd4cd9b1454dd7ad4c9831be01ca53&rfr_iscdi=true |