Reliable Drosophila body fat quantification by a coupled colorimetric assay
Factors and mechanisms controlling lipometabolism homeostasis share a remarkable evolutionary conservation between humans and Drosophila flies. Accordingly, the Drosophila model has been successfully used to understand the pathophysiology of human metabolic diseases such as obesity. Body fat stores...
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description | Factors and mechanisms controlling lipometabolism homeostasis share a remarkable evolutionary conservation between humans and Drosophila flies. Accordingly, the Drosophila model has been successfully used to understand the pathophysiology of human metabolic diseases such as obesity. Body fat stores in species as different as humans and flies consist of neutral lipids, mainly triacylglycerols. Changes in body fat storage are a diagnostic phenotype of lipometabolism imbalances of genetic or environmental origin. Various methods have been developed to quantify Drosophila body fat storage. The most widely used method adopts a commercial coupled colorimetric assay designed for human serum triacylglycerol quantification, which is based on glycerol content determination after enzymatic conversion of glycerides into glycerol. The coupled colorimetric assay is compatible with large-scale genetic screen approaches and has been successfully applied to characterize central regulators of Drosophila lipometabolism. Recently, the applicability of the coupled colorimetric assay for Drosophila storage fat quantification has been questioned in principle. Here we compare the performance of the coupled colorimetric assay on Drosophila samples with thin layer chromatography, the "gold standard" in storage lipid analysis. Our data show that the presented variant of the coupled colorimetric assay reliably discriminates between lean and fat flies and allows robust, quick and cost-effective quantification of Drosophila body fat stores. |
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Accordingly, the Drosophila model has been successfully used to understand the pathophysiology of human metabolic diseases such as obesity. Body fat stores in species as different as humans and flies consist of neutral lipids, mainly triacylglycerols. Changes in body fat storage are a diagnostic phenotype of lipometabolism imbalances of genetic or environmental origin. Various methods have been developed to quantify Drosophila body fat storage. The most widely used method adopts a commercial coupled colorimetric assay designed for human serum triacylglycerol quantification, which is based on glycerol content determination after enzymatic conversion of glycerides into glycerol. The coupled colorimetric assay is compatible with large-scale genetic screen approaches and has been successfully applied to characterize central regulators of Drosophila lipometabolism. Recently, the applicability of the coupled colorimetric assay for Drosophila storage fat quantification has been questioned in principle. Here we compare the performance of the coupled colorimetric assay on Drosophila samples with thin layer chromatography, the "gold standard" in storage lipid analysis. Our data show that the presented variant of the coupled colorimetric assay reliably discriminates between lean and fat flies and allows robust, quick and cost-effective quantification of Drosophila body fat stores.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023796</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21931614</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adipocytes ; Adipose Tissue - metabolism ; Animals ; Assaying ; Biology ; Biomedical laboratory equipment ; Body fat ; Chromatography ; Colorimetry ; Colorimetry - methods ; Conservation ; Data processing ; Diagnostic systems ; Diet ; Drosophila ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Drosophila melanogaster - cytology ; Drosophila melanogaster - genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster - metabolism ; Enzymes ; Evolutionary conservation ; Flies ; Genetic aspects ; Genetic screening ; Genomes ; Genotype ; Glycerides ; Glycerol ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Insects ; Lipids ; Male ; Metabolic disorders ; Metabolism ; Obesity ; Obesity - genetics ; Obesity - metabolism ; Obesity - pathology ; Pigments ; Regulators ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sleep deprivation ; Thin layer chromatography ; Triglycerides ; Triglycerides - metabolism</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2011-09, Vol.6 (9), p.e23796-e23796</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2011 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2011 Hildebrandt et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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Accordingly, the Drosophila model has been successfully used to understand the pathophysiology of human metabolic diseases such as obesity. Body fat stores in species as different as humans and flies consist of neutral lipids, mainly triacylglycerols. Changes in body fat storage are a diagnostic phenotype of lipometabolism imbalances of genetic or environmental origin. Various methods have been developed to quantify Drosophila body fat storage. The most widely used method adopts a commercial coupled colorimetric assay designed for human serum triacylglycerol quantification, which is based on glycerol content determination after enzymatic conversion of glycerides into glycerol. The coupled colorimetric assay is compatible with large-scale genetic screen approaches and has been successfully applied to characterize central regulators of Drosophila lipometabolism. Recently, the applicability of the coupled colorimetric assay for Drosophila storage fat quantification has been questioned in principle. Here we compare the performance of the coupled colorimetric assay on Drosophila samples with thin layer chromatography, the "gold standard" in storage lipid analysis. Our data show that the presented variant of the coupled colorimetric assay reliably discriminates between lean and fat flies and allows robust, quick and cost-effective quantification of Drosophila body fat stores.</description><subject>Adipocytes</subject><subject>Adipose Tissue - metabolism</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Assaying</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Biomedical laboratory equipment</subject><subject>Body fat</subject><subject>Chromatography</subject><subject>Colorimetry</subject><subject>Colorimetry - methods</subject><subject>Conservation</subject><subject>Data processing</subject><subject>Diagnostic systems</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Drosophila</subject><subject>Drosophila melanogaster</subject><subject>Drosophila melanogaster - cytology</subject><subject>Drosophila melanogaster - genetics</subject><subject>Drosophila melanogaster - metabolism</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Evolutionary conservation</subject><subject>Flies</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Genetic screening</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Glycerides</subject><subject>Glycerol</subject><subject>Homeostasis</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Insects</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Metabolic disorders</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Obesity - genetics</subject><subject>Obesity - metabolism</subject><subject>Obesity - pathology</subject><subject>Pigments</subject><subject>Regulators</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Sleep deprivation</subject><subject>Thin layer chromatography</subject><subject>Triglycerides</subject><subject>Triglycerides - metabolism</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkk1r3DAQhk1paZJt_0FpDYWWHnYrWbYlXwoh_VoaCKQfVzGWxrtatJZjySX776vtOmFdcig6SIyeeTWaeZPkBSULyjh9v3FD34JddK7FBSEZ41X5KDmlFcvmZUbY46PzSXLm_YaQgomyfJqcZPGGljQ_Tb5dozVQW0w_9s67bm0spLXTu7SBkN4M0AbTGAXBuDatdymkyg2dRR1363qzxdAblYL3sHuWPGnAenw-7rPk5-dPPy6-zi-vviwvzi_nihc8zLkGXQPRFJscBXBeNjUvMiClQq2rUoiS5IQLSgivFCAHomK4UKSuhaozNkteHXQ767wc--AlZURUNPYhj8TyQGgHG9nFMqHfSQdG_g24fiWhD0ZZlIqrQmcAlFOV5zURWlSIuaj2BZICo9aH8bWh3qJW2IYe7ER0etOatVy535JRTjJRRYG3o0Dvbgb0QW6NV2gttOgGLyMSh8EKFsnX_5APf26kVhDrN23j4rNqrynPcx7bR8o46FmyeICKS-PWqOiZxsT4JOHdJCEyAW_DCgbv5fL79f-zV7-m7Jsjdo1gw9o7O-wd5adgfgBVdKLvsbnvMSVyb_m7bsi95eVo-Zj28ng-90l3Hmd_ALA6_B4</recordid><startdate>20110909</startdate><enddate>20110909</enddate><creator>Hildebrandt, Anja</creator><creator>Bickmeyer, Iris</creator><creator>Kühnlein, Ronald P</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110909</creationdate><title>Reliable Drosophila body fat quantification by a coupled colorimetric assay</title><author>Hildebrandt, Anja ; Bickmeyer, Iris ; Kühnlein, Ronald P</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c757t-7dadba0d1ef4e8a776fb752a06cedd968860407810079cae7a0cd965c0bb8cb23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Adipocytes</topic><topic>Adipose Tissue - 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genetics</topic><topic>Obesity - metabolism</topic><topic>Obesity - pathology</topic><topic>Pigments</topic><topic>Regulators</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>Sleep deprivation</topic><topic>Thin layer chromatography</topic><topic>Triglycerides</topic><topic>Triglycerides - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hildebrandt, Anja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bickmeyer, Iris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kühnlein, Ronald P</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hildebrandt, Anja</au><au>Bickmeyer, Iris</au><au>Kühnlein, Ronald P</au><au>Samakovlis, Christos</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Reliable Drosophila body fat quantification by a coupled colorimetric assay</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2011-09-09</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>6</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>e23796</spage><epage>e23796</epage><pages>e23796-e23796</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Factors and mechanisms controlling lipometabolism homeostasis share a remarkable evolutionary conservation between humans and Drosophila flies. Accordingly, the Drosophila model has been successfully used to understand the pathophysiology of human metabolic diseases such as obesity. Body fat stores in species as different as humans and flies consist of neutral lipids, mainly triacylglycerols. Changes in body fat storage are a diagnostic phenotype of lipometabolism imbalances of genetic or environmental origin. Various methods have been developed to quantify Drosophila body fat storage. The most widely used method adopts a commercial coupled colorimetric assay designed for human serum triacylglycerol quantification, which is based on glycerol content determination after enzymatic conversion of glycerides into glycerol. The coupled colorimetric assay is compatible with large-scale genetic screen approaches and has been successfully applied to characterize central regulators of Drosophila lipometabolism. Recently, the applicability of the coupled colorimetric assay for Drosophila storage fat quantification has been questioned in principle. Here we compare the performance of the coupled colorimetric assay on Drosophila samples with thin layer chromatography, the "gold standard" in storage lipid analysis. Our data show that the presented variant of the coupled colorimetric assay reliably discriminates between lean and fat flies and allows robust, quick and cost-effective quantification of Drosophila body fat stores.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>21931614</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0023796</doi><tpages>e23796</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adipocytes Adipose Tissue - metabolism Animals Assaying Biology Biomedical laboratory equipment Body fat Chromatography Colorimetry Colorimetry - methods Conservation Data processing Diagnostic systems Diet Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila melanogaster - cytology Drosophila melanogaster - genetics Drosophila melanogaster - metabolism Enzymes Evolutionary conservation Flies Genetic aspects Genetic screening Genomes Genotype Glycerides Glycerol Homeostasis Humans Insects Lipids Male Metabolic disorders Metabolism Obesity Obesity - genetics Obesity - metabolism Obesity - pathology Pigments Regulators Reproducibility of Results Sleep deprivation Thin layer chromatography Triglycerides Triglycerides - metabolism |
title | Reliable Drosophila body fat quantification by a coupled colorimetric assay |
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