Sperm-storage defects and live birth in Drosophila females lacking spermathecal secretory cells
Male Drosophila flies secrete seminal-fluid proteins that mediate proper sperm storage and fertilization, and that induce changes in female behavior. Females also produce reproductive-tract secretions, yet their contributions to postmating physiology are poorly understood. Large secretory cells line...
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| creator | Schnakenberg, Sandra L Matias, Wilfredo R Siegal, Mark L |
| description | Male Drosophila flies secrete seminal-fluid proteins that mediate proper sperm storage and fertilization, and that induce changes in female behavior. Females also produce reproductive-tract secretions, yet their contributions to postmating physiology are poorly understood. Large secretory cells line the female's spermathecae, a pair of sperm-storage organs. We identified the regulatory regions controlling transcription of two genes exclusively expressed in these spermathecal secretory cells (SSC): Spermathecal endopeptidase 1 (Send1), which is expressed in both unmated and mated females, and Spermathecal endopeptidase 2 (Send2), which is induced by mating. We used these regulatory sequences to perform precise genetic ablations of the SSC at distinct time points relative to mating. We show that the SSC are required for recruiting sperm to the spermathecae, but not for retaining sperm there. The SSC also act at a distance in the reproductive tract, in that their ablation: (1) reduces sperm motility in the female's other sperm-storage organ, the seminal receptacle; and (2) causes ovoviviparity--the retention and internal development of fertilized eggs. These results establish the reproductive functions of the SSC, shed light on the evolution of live birth, and open new avenues for studying and manipulating female fertility in insects. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001192 |
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Females also produce reproductive-tract secretions, yet their contributions to postmating physiology are poorly understood. Large secretory cells line the female's spermathecae, a pair of sperm-storage organs. We identified the regulatory regions controlling transcription of two genes exclusively expressed in these spermathecal secretory cells (SSC): Spermathecal endopeptidase 1 (Send1), which is expressed in both unmated and mated females, and Spermathecal endopeptidase 2 (Send2), which is induced by mating. We used these regulatory sequences to perform precise genetic ablations of the SSC at distinct time points relative to mating. We show that the SSC are required for recruiting sperm to the spermathecae, but not for retaining sperm there. The SSC also act at a distance in the reproductive tract, in that their ablation: (1) reduces sperm motility in the female's other sperm-storage organ, the seminal receptacle; and (2) causes ovoviviparity--the retention and internal development of fertilized eggs. These results establish the reproductive functions of the SSC, shed light on the evolution of live birth, and open new avenues for studying and manipulating female fertility in insects.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1545-7885</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1544-9173</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1545-7885</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001192</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22087073</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Anatomy & physiology ; Animal reproduction ; Animals ; Biology ; Drosophila ; Drosophila Proteins - genetics ; Drosophila Proteins - metabolism ; Embryos ; Evolution ; Experiments ; Female ; Females ; Fertilization (Biology) ; Genetic aspects ; Insects ; Male ; Microscopy ; Motility ; Physiological aspects ; Proteins ; Reproduction - genetics ; Reproduction - physiology ; Sperm ; Sperm Motility - genetics ; Sperm Motility - physiology ; Spermatozoa ; Spermatozoa - metabolism ; Spermatozoa - physiology</subject><ispartof>PLoS biology, 2011-11, Vol.9 (11), p.e1001192-e1001192</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2011 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2011 Schnakenberg et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Schnakenberg SL, Matias WR, Siegal ML (2011) Sperm-Storage Defects and Live Birth in Drosophila Females Lacking Spermathecal Secretory Cells. 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Females also produce reproductive-tract secretions, yet their contributions to postmating physiology are poorly understood. Large secretory cells line the female's spermathecae, a pair of sperm-storage organs. We identified the regulatory regions controlling transcription of two genes exclusively expressed in these spermathecal secretory cells (SSC): Spermathecal endopeptidase 1 (Send1), which is expressed in both unmated and mated females, and Spermathecal endopeptidase 2 (Send2), which is induced by mating. We used these regulatory sequences to perform precise genetic ablations of the SSC at distinct time points relative to mating. We show that the SSC are required for recruiting sperm to the spermathecae, but not for retaining sperm there. The SSC also act at a distance in the reproductive tract, in that their ablation: (1) reduces sperm motility in the female's other sperm-storage organ, the seminal receptacle; and (2) causes ovoviviparity--the retention and internal development of fertilized eggs. These results establish the reproductive functions of the SSC, shed light on the evolution of live birth, and open new avenues for studying and manipulating female fertility in insects.</description><subject>Anatomy & physiology</subject><subject>Animal reproduction</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Drosophila</subject><subject>Drosophila Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Drosophila Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Embryos</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Fertilization (Biology)</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Insects</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Microscopy</subject><subject>Motility</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Reproduction - genetics</subject><subject>Reproduction - physiology</subject><subject>Sperm</subject><subject>Sperm Motility - genetics</subject><subject>Sperm Motility - physiology</subject><subject>Spermatozoa</subject><subject>Spermatozoa - metabolism</subject><subject>Spermatozoa - physiology</subject><issn>1545-7885</issn><issn>1544-9173</issn><issn>1545-7885</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqVk0tv1DAUhSMEoqXwDxBEYoFYzOBHYscbpKq8RqqoRCu2lmNfZ1yceGpnKvrvcZi06qAuQFkkuvnOufaxb1G8xGiJKcfvL8M2DsovN60LS4wQxoI8Kg5xXdUL3jT143vfB8WzlC4RIkSQ5mlxQAhqOOL0sJDnG4j9Io0hqg5KAxb0mEo1mNK7ayhbF8d16YbyYwwpbNbOq9JCrzyk0iv90w1dmSYLNa5BK18m0BGy202pwfv0vHhilU_wYn4fFRefP12cfF2cnn1ZnRyfLjRnaFxowrgxqlKcsYpjCtSaWjRCU11VXBGGaCMwJqIVrBE1sqoGxm2jqDCiUvSoeL2z3fiQ5BxNklkgUM05p5lY7QgT1KXcRNereCODcvJPIcROqjg67UGytmZZYVVrSdXmzpiAMcwQCkbYqs1eH-Zu27YHo2EYo_J7pvt_BreWXbiWlGDE6zobvJ0NYrjaQhpl79KUlxogbJPMi2asaRjJ5Ju_yIc3N1NdPhjpBhtyWz15ymPCK4qmWDO1fIDKj4He6TCAdbm-J3i3J8jMCL_GTm1Tkqvz7__Bfvt39uzHPlvtWJ0vYIpg72LGSE6DcBuInAZBzoOQZa_uH9Gd6Pbm099APwML</recordid><startdate>20111101</startdate><enddate>20111101</enddate><creator>Schnakenberg, Sandra L</creator><creator>Matias, Wilfredo R</creator><creator>Siegal, Mark L</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISN</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><scope>CZG</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20111101</creationdate><title>Sperm-storage defects and live birth in Drosophila females lacking spermathecal secretory cells</title><author>Schnakenberg, Sandra L ; Matias, Wilfredo R ; Siegal, Mark L</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c760t-c267dda4a7664713e3fd5989c3c447a2603891129b968950fa5e67f8a39d94a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Anatomy & physiology</topic><topic>Animal reproduction</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biology</topic><topic>Drosophila</topic><topic>Drosophila Proteins - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><collection>PLoS Biology</collection><jtitle>PLoS biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Schnakenberg, Sandra L</au><au>Matias, Wilfredo R</au><au>Siegal, Mark L</au><au>Wolfner, Mariana Federica</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Sperm-storage defects and live birth in Drosophila females lacking spermathecal secretory cells</atitle><jtitle>PLoS biology</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS Biol</addtitle><date>2011-11-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>e1001192</spage><epage>e1001192</epage><pages>e1001192-e1001192</pages><issn>1545-7885</issn><issn>1544-9173</issn><eissn>1545-7885</eissn><abstract>Male Drosophila flies secrete seminal-fluid proteins that mediate proper sperm storage and fertilization, and that induce changes in female behavior. Females also produce reproductive-tract secretions, yet their contributions to postmating physiology are poorly understood. Large secretory cells line the female's spermathecae, a pair of sperm-storage organs. We identified the regulatory regions controlling transcription of two genes exclusively expressed in these spermathecal secretory cells (SSC): Spermathecal endopeptidase 1 (Send1), which is expressed in both unmated and mated females, and Spermathecal endopeptidase 2 (Send2), which is induced by mating. We used these regulatory sequences to perform precise genetic ablations of the SSC at distinct time points relative to mating. We show that the SSC are required for recruiting sperm to the spermathecae, but not for retaining sperm there. The SSC also act at a distance in the reproductive tract, in that their ablation: (1) reduces sperm motility in the female's other sperm-storage organ, the seminal receptacle; and (2) causes ovoviviparity--the retention and internal development of fertilized eggs. These results establish the reproductive functions of the SSC, shed light on the evolution of live birth, and open new avenues for studying and manipulating female fertility in insects.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>22087073</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pbio.1001192</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Anatomy & physiology Animal reproduction Animals Biology Drosophila Drosophila Proteins - genetics Drosophila Proteins - metabolism Embryos Evolution Experiments Female Females Fertilization (Biology) Genetic aspects Insects Male Microscopy Motility Physiological aspects Proteins Reproduction - genetics Reproduction - physiology Sperm Sperm Motility - genetics Sperm Motility - physiology Spermatozoa Spermatozoa - metabolism Spermatozoa - physiology |
| title | Sperm-storage defects and live birth in Drosophila females lacking spermathecal secretory cells |
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