High resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in multiple sclerosis: the first follow up study over two years
"Non-invasive, faster and less expensive than MRI" and "the eye is a window to the brain" are recent slogans promoting optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a new surrogate marker in multiple sclerosis (MS). Indeed, OCT allows for the first time a non-invasive visualization of ax...
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| creator | Serbecic, Nermin Aboul-Enein, Fahmy Beutelspacher, Sven C Vass, Clemens Kristoferitsch, Wolfgang Lassmann, Hans Reitner, Andreas Schmidt-Erfurth, Ursula |
| description | "Non-invasive, faster and less expensive than MRI" and "the eye is a window to the brain" are recent slogans promoting optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a new surrogate marker in multiple sclerosis (MS). Indeed, OCT allows for the first time a non-invasive visualization of axons of the central nervous system (CNS). Reduction of retina nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness was suggested to correlate with disease activity and duration. However, several issues are unclear: Do a few million axons, which build up both optic nerves, really resemble billions of CNS neurons? Does global CNS damage really result in global RNFL reduction? And if so, does global RNFL reduction really exist in all MS patients, and follow a slowly but steadily ongoing pattern? How can these (hypothesized) subtle global RNFL changes be reliably measured and separated from the rather gross RNFL changes caused by optic neuritis? Before generally being accepted, this interpretation needs further critical and objective validation.
We prospectively studied 37 MS patients with relapsing remitting (n = 27) and secondary progressive (n = 10) course on two occasions with a median interval of 22.4±0.5 months [range 19-27]. We used the high resolution spectral domain (SD-)OCT with the Spectralis 3.5 mm circle scan protocol with locked reference images and eye tracking mode. Patients with an attack of optic neuritis within 12 months prior to the onset of the study were excluded.
Although the disease was highly active over the observation period in more than half of the included relapsing remitting MS patients (19 patients/32 relapses) and the initial RNFL pattern showed a broad range, from normal to markedly reduced thickness, no significant changes between baseline and follow-up examinations could be detected.
These results show that caution is required when using OCT for monitoring disease activity and global axonal injury in MS. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0019843 |
| format | Article |
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We prospectively studied 37 MS patients with relapsing remitting (n = 27) and secondary progressive (n = 10) course on two occasions with a median interval of 22.4±0.5 months [range 19-27]. We used the high resolution spectral domain (SD-)OCT with the Spectralis 3.5 mm circle scan protocol with locked reference images and eye tracking mode. Patients with an attack of optic neuritis within 12 months prior to the onset of the study were excluded.
Although the disease was highly active over the observation period in more than half of the included relapsing remitting MS patients (19 patients/32 relapses) and the initial RNFL pattern showed a broad range, from normal to markedly reduced thickness, no significant changes between baseline and follow-up examinations could be detected.
These results show that caution is required when using OCT for monitoring disease activity and global axonal injury in MS.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019843</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21611198</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aquaporins ; Axons ; Biology ; Brain ; Central nervous system ; Coherence ; Demography ; Epidemiology ; Eye ; Eye injuries ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; High resolution ; Humans ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Medicine ; Middle Aged ; Multiple sclerosis ; Multiple Sclerosis - diagnosis ; Nerve Fibers - pathology ; Nerves ; Neuritis ; Neurology ; Optic neuritis ; Optical Coherence Tomography ; Optics ; Pathology ; Patients ; Reduction ; Retina ; Retina - pathology ; Spectra ; Thickness ; Tomography ; Tomography, Optical Coherence - methods ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2011-05, Vol.6 (5), p.e19843-e19843</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2011 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2011 Serbecic et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Serbecic et al. 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c592t-da491fb8469d725268c48afd7b9ac69cf6b80b8e8a286dad9995c64333acd1033</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c592t-da491fb8469d725268c48afd7b9ac69cf6b80b8e8a286dad9995c64333acd1033</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3096644/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3096644/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21611198$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Serbecic, Nermin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aboul-Enein, Fahmy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beutelspacher, Sven C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vass, Clemens</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kristoferitsch, Wolfgang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lassmann, Hans</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reitner, Andreas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmidt-Erfurth, Ursula</creatorcontrib><title>High resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in multiple sclerosis: the first follow up study over two years</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>"Non-invasive, faster and less expensive than MRI" and "the eye is a window to the brain" are recent slogans promoting optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a new surrogate marker in multiple sclerosis (MS). Indeed, OCT allows for the first time a non-invasive visualization of axons of the central nervous system (CNS). Reduction of retina nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness was suggested to correlate with disease activity and duration. However, several issues are unclear: Do a few million axons, which build up both optic nerves, really resemble billions of CNS neurons? Does global CNS damage really result in global RNFL reduction? And if so, does global RNFL reduction really exist in all MS patients, and follow a slowly but steadily ongoing pattern? How can these (hypothesized) subtle global RNFL changes be reliably measured and separated from the rather gross RNFL changes caused by optic neuritis? Before generally being accepted, this interpretation needs further critical and objective validation.
We prospectively studied 37 MS patients with relapsing remitting (n = 27) and secondary progressive (n = 10) course on two occasions with a median interval of 22.4±0.5 months [range 19-27]. We used the high resolution spectral domain (SD-)OCT with the Spectralis 3.5 mm circle scan protocol with locked reference images and eye tracking mode. Patients with an attack of optic neuritis within 12 months prior to the onset of the study were excluded.
Although the disease was highly active over the observation period in more than half of the included relapsing remitting MS patients (19 patients/32 relapses) and the initial RNFL pattern showed a broad range, from normal to markedly reduced thickness, no significant changes between baseline and follow-up examinations could be detected.
These results show that caution is required when using OCT for monitoring disease activity and global axonal injury in MS.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aquaporins</subject><subject>Axons</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Brain</subject><subject>Central nervous system</subject><subject>Coherence</subject><subject>Demography</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Eye</subject><subject>Eye injuries</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Glaucoma</subject><subject>High resolution</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Multiple sclerosis</subject><subject>Multiple Sclerosis - diagnosis</subject><subject>Nerve Fibers - pathology</subject><subject>Nerves</subject><subject>Neuritis</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Optic neuritis</subject><subject>Optical Coherence Tomography</subject><subject>Optics</subject><subject>Pathology</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Reduction</subject><subject>Retina</subject><subject>Retina - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Serbecic, Nermin</au><au>Aboul-Enein, Fahmy</au><au>Beutelspacher, Sven C</au><au>Vass, Clemens</au><au>Kristoferitsch, Wolfgang</au><au>Lassmann, Hans</au><au>Reitner, Andreas</au><au>Schmidt-Erfurth, Ursula</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>High resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in multiple sclerosis: the first follow up study over two years</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2011-05-17</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>6</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e19843</spage><epage>e19843</epage><pages>e19843-e19843</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>"Non-invasive, faster and less expensive than MRI" and "the eye is a window to the brain" are recent slogans promoting optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a new surrogate marker in multiple sclerosis (MS). Indeed, OCT allows for the first time a non-invasive visualization of axons of the central nervous system (CNS). Reduction of retina nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness was suggested to correlate with disease activity and duration. However, several issues are unclear: Do a few million axons, which build up both optic nerves, really resemble billions of CNS neurons? Does global CNS damage really result in global RNFL reduction? And if so, does global RNFL reduction really exist in all MS patients, and follow a slowly but steadily ongoing pattern? How can these (hypothesized) subtle global RNFL changes be reliably measured and separated from the rather gross RNFL changes caused by optic neuritis? Before generally being accepted, this interpretation needs further critical and objective validation.
We prospectively studied 37 MS patients with relapsing remitting (n = 27) and secondary progressive (n = 10) course on two occasions with a median interval of 22.4±0.5 months [range 19-27]. We used the high resolution spectral domain (SD-)OCT with the Spectralis 3.5 mm circle scan protocol with locked reference images and eye tracking mode. Patients with an attack of optic neuritis within 12 months prior to the onset of the study were excluded.
Although the disease was highly active over the observation period in more than half of the included relapsing remitting MS patients (19 patients/32 relapses) and the initial RNFL pattern showed a broad range, from normal to markedly reduced thickness, no significant changes between baseline and follow-up examinations could be detected.
These results show that caution is required when using OCT for monitoring disease activity and global axonal injury in MS.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>21611198</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0019843</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Aquaporins Axons Biology Brain Central nervous system Coherence Demography Epidemiology Eye Eye injuries Follow-Up Studies Glaucoma High resolution Humans Magnetic resonance imaging Medicine Middle Aged Multiple sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis - diagnosis Nerve Fibers - pathology Nerves Neuritis Neurology Optic neuritis Optical Coherence Tomography Optics Pathology Patients Reduction Retina Retina - pathology Spectra Thickness Tomography Tomography, Optical Coherence - methods Young Adult |
| title | High resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in multiple sclerosis: the first follow up study over two years |
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