Molecular analysis of microbial communities in endotracheal tube biofilms
Ventilator-associated pneumonia is the most prevalent acquired infection of patients on intensive care units and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Evidence suggests that an improved understanding of the composition of the biofilm communities that form on endotracheal tubes may...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2011-03, Vol.6 (3), p.e14759-e14759 |
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| creator | Cairns, Scott Thomas, John Gilbert Hooper, Samuel James Wise, Matthew Peter Frost, Paul John Wilson, Melanie Julia Lewis, Michael Alexander Oxenham Williams, David Wynne |
| description | Ventilator-associated pneumonia is the most prevalent acquired infection of patients on intensive care units and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Evidence suggests that an improved understanding of the composition of the biofilm communities that form on endotracheal tubes may result in the development of improved preventative strategies for ventilator-associated pneumonia.
The aim of this study was to characterise microbial biofilms on the inner luminal surface of extubated endotracheal tubes from ICU patients using PCR and molecular profiling. Twenty-four endotracheal tubes were obtained from twenty mechanically ventilated patients. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiling of 16S rRNA gene amplicons was used to assess the diversity of the bacterial population, together with species specific PCR of key marker oral microorganisms and a quantitative assessment of culturable aerobic bacteria. Analysis of culturable aerobic bacteria revealed a range of colonisation from no growth to 2.1×10(8) colony forming units (cfu)/cm(2) of endotracheal tube (mean 1.4×10(7) cfu/cm(2)). PCR targeting of specific bacterial species detected the oral bacteria Streptococcus mutans (n = 5) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (n = 5). DGGE profiling of the endotracheal biofilms revealed complex banding patterns containing between 3 and 22 (mean 6) bands per tube, thus demonstrating the marked complexity of the constituent biofilms. Significant inter-patient diversity was evident. The number of DGGE bands detected was not related to total viable microbial counts or the duration of intubation.
Molecular profiling using DGGE demonstrated considerable biofilm compositional complexity and inter-patient diversity and provides a rapid method for the further study of biofilm composition in longitudinal and interventional studies. The presence of oral microorganisms in endotracheal tube biofilms suggests that these may be important in biofilm development and may provide a therapeutic target for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0014759 |
| format | Article |
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The aim of this study was to characterise microbial biofilms on the inner luminal surface of extubated endotracheal tubes from ICU patients using PCR and molecular profiling. Twenty-four endotracheal tubes were obtained from twenty mechanically ventilated patients. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiling of 16S rRNA gene amplicons was used to assess the diversity of the bacterial population, together with species specific PCR of key marker oral microorganisms and a quantitative assessment of culturable aerobic bacteria. Analysis of culturable aerobic bacteria revealed a range of colonisation from no growth to 2.1×10(8) colony forming units (cfu)/cm(2) of endotracheal tube (mean 1.4×10(7) cfu/cm(2)). PCR targeting of specific bacterial species detected the oral bacteria Streptococcus mutans (n = 5) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (n = 5). DGGE profiling of the endotracheal biofilms revealed complex banding patterns containing between 3 and 22 (mean 6) bands per tube, thus demonstrating the marked complexity of the constituent biofilms. Significant inter-patient diversity was evident. The number of DGGE bands detected was not related to total viable microbial counts or the duration of intubation.
Molecular profiling using DGGE demonstrated considerable biofilm compositional complexity and inter-patient diversity and provides a rapid method for the further study of biofilm composition in longitudinal and interventional studies. The presence of oral microorganisms in endotracheal tube biofilms suggests that these may be important in biofilm development and may provide a therapeutic target for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014759</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21423727</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aerobic bacteria ; Aerobic microorganisms ; Aged ; Algorithms ; Analysis ; Bacteria ; Bacteria - genetics ; Bacteria - growth & development ; Banding ; Biodiversity ; Biofilms ; Candida albicans ; Cluster Analysis ; Colonies ; Colonization ; Colony-forming cells ; Communities ; Complexity ; Critical Care and Emergency Medicine/Respiratory Failure ; Cross infection ; Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ; Dentistry ; DNA, Bacterial - genetics ; Female ; Gel electrophoresis ; Health aspects ; Hospital patients ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Infection ; Infectious Diseases/Bacterial Infections ; Infectious Diseases/Respiratory Infections ; Intensive care ; Intensive care units ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal - adverse effects ; Male ; Microbial activity ; Microbiology/Medical Microbiology ; Microorganisms ; Middle Aged ; Morbidity ; Mortality ; Nosocomial infections ; Patients ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated - microbiology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; Porphyromonas gingivalis - genetics ; Probiotics ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Ribosomal DNA ; RNA ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics ; rRNA 16S ; Species diversity ; Species Specificity ; Streptococcus infections ; Streptococcus mutans ; Templates, Genetic ; Tubes ; Ventilation ; Ventilator-associated pneumonia ; Ventilators ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2011-03, Vol.6 (3), p.e14759-e14759</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2011 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2011 Cairns et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Cairns et al. 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c724t-159e2f79e4c8f2c004beb9dbe2b0eb38f42d6ab305436c80d5f895689a2e224e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c724t-159e2f79e4c8f2c004beb9dbe2b0eb38f42d6ab305436c80d5f895689a2e224e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3056660/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3056660/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21423727$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Ahmed, Niyaz</contributor><creatorcontrib>Cairns, Scott</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thomas, John Gilbert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hooper, Samuel James</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wise, Matthew Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frost, Paul John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilson, Melanie Julia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lewis, Michael Alexander Oxenham</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, David Wynne</creatorcontrib><title>Molecular analysis of microbial communities in endotracheal tube biofilms</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Ventilator-associated pneumonia is the most prevalent acquired infection of patients on intensive care units and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Evidence suggests that an improved understanding of the composition of the biofilm communities that form on endotracheal tubes may result in the development of improved preventative strategies for ventilator-associated pneumonia.
The aim of this study was to characterise microbial biofilms on the inner luminal surface of extubated endotracheal tubes from ICU patients using PCR and molecular profiling. Twenty-four endotracheal tubes were obtained from twenty mechanically ventilated patients. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiling of 16S rRNA gene amplicons was used to assess the diversity of the bacterial population, together with species specific PCR of key marker oral microorganisms and a quantitative assessment of culturable aerobic bacteria. Analysis of culturable aerobic bacteria revealed a range of colonisation from no growth to 2.1×10(8) colony forming units (cfu)/cm(2) of endotracheal tube (mean 1.4×10(7) cfu/cm(2)). PCR targeting of specific bacterial species detected the oral bacteria Streptococcus mutans (n = 5) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (n = 5). DGGE profiling of the endotracheal biofilms revealed complex banding patterns containing between 3 and 22 (mean 6) bands per tube, thus demonstrating the marked complexity of the constituent biofilms. Significant inter-patient diversity was evident. The number of DGGE bands detected was not related to total viable microbial counts or the duration of intubation.
Molecular profiling using DGGE demonstrated considerable biofilm compositional complexity and inter-patient diversity and provides a rapid method for the further study of biofilm composition in longitudinal and interventional studies. The presence of oral microorganisms in endotracheal tube biofilms suggests that these may be important in biofilm development and may provide a therapeutic target for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aerobic bacteria</subject><subject>Aerobic microorganisms</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Algorithms</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Bacteria - genetics</subject><subject>Bacteria - growth & development</subject><subject>Banding</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Biofilms</subject><subject>Candida albicans</subject><subject>Cluster Analysis</subject><subject>Colonies</subject><subject>Colonization</subject><subject>Colony-forming cells</subject><subject>Communities</subject><subject>Complexity</subject><subject>Critical Care and Emergency Medicine/Respiratory Failure</subject><subject>Cross infection</subject><subject>Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis</subject><subject>Dentistry</subject><subject>DNA, Bacterial - genetics</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gel electrophoresis</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Hospital patients</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infection</subject><subject>Infectious Diseases/Bacterial Infections</subject><subject>Infectious Diseases/Respiratory Infections</subject><subject>Intensive care</subject><subject>Intensive care units</subject><subject>Intubation</subject><subject>Intubation, Intratracheal - adverse effects</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Microbial activity</subject><subject>Microbiology/Medical Microbiology</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Morbidity</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Nosocomial infections</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Pneumonia</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated - microbiology</subject><subject>Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>Porphyromonas gingivalis</subject><subject>Porphyromonas gingivalis - genetics</subject><subject>Probiotics</subject><subject>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</subject><subject>Ribosomal DNA</subject><subject>RNA</subject><subject>RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics</subject><subject>rRNA 16S</subject><subject>Species diversity</subject><subject>Species Specificity</subject><subject>Streptococcus infections</subject><subject>Streptococcus mutans</subject><subject>Templates, Genetic</subject><subject>Tubes</subject><subject>Ventilation</subject><subject>Ventilator-associated pneumonia</subject><subject>Ventilators</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk1uL1DAUx4so7kW_gWhBWPVhxtzTvAjL4mVgZcHba0jT05kMaTM2rbjf3nSnu0xlEUkgIfmdf3JuWfYMoyWmEr_dhqFrjV_uQgtLhDCTXD3IjrGiZCEIog8P9kfZSYxbhDgthHicHRHMCJVEHmerz8GDHbzpcpPUrqOLeajzxtkulM743IamGVrXO4i5a3Noq9B3xm4g3fVDCXnpQu18E59kj2rjIzyd1tPs-4f33y4-LS6vPq4uzi8XVhLWLzBXQGqpgNmiJhYhVkKpqhJIiaCkRc1IJUxJEWdU2AJVvC4UF4UyBAhhQE-zF3vdnQ9RT1GIGhPFmWJIsESs9kQVzFbvOteY7loH4_TNQejW2nS9sx60KRmRStlCAmYYIVWzGksuOVWC4wolrXfTa0PZQGWhTd77mej8pnUbvQ6_dHJACDEKvJoEuvBzgNjrxkUL3psWwhB1wQtS0DQT-fqfJEYEFVwgxRP68i_0_jhM1NokV11b32RuFNXnTAqVYi_HDy7vodKoIFVBKq6UXZgbvJkZJKaH3_3aDDHq1dcv_89e_ZizZwfsWGD9JgY_9C60cQ6yPZhqNMYO6rt0YKTH3riNhh57Q0-9kcyeH6byzui2Gegfl50Hvg</recordid><startdate>20110314</startdate><enddate>20110314</enddate><creator>Cairns, Scott</creator><creator>Thomas, John Gilbert</creator><creator>Hooper, Samuel James</creator><creator>Wise, Matthew Peter</creator><creator>Frost, Paul John</creator><creator>Wilson, Melanie Julia</creator><creator>Lewis, Michael Alexander Oxenham</creator><creator>Williams, David Wynne</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110314</creationdate><title>Molecular analysis of microbial communities in endotracheal tube biofilms</title><author>Cairns, Scott ; Thomas, John Gilbert ; Hooper, Samuel James ; Wise, Matthew Peter ; Frost, Paul John ; Wilson, Melanie Julia ; Lewis, Michael Alexander Oxenham ; Williams, David Wynne</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c724t-159e2f79e4c8f2c004beb9dbe2b0eb38f42d6ab305436c80d5f895689a2e224e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aerobic bacteria</topic><topic>Aerobic microorganisms</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Algorithms</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Bacteria - genetics</topic><topic>Bacteria - growth & development</topic><topic>Banding</topic><topic>Biodiversity</topic><topic>Biofilms</topic><topic>Candida albicans</topic><topic>Cluster Analysis</topic><topic>Colonies</topic><topic>Colonization</topic><topic>Colony-forming cells</topic><topic>Communities</topic><topic>Complexity</topic><topic>Critical Care and Emergency Medicine/Respiratory Failure</topic><topic>Cross infection</topic><topic>Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis</topic><topic>Dentistry</topic><topic>DNA, Bacterial - genetics</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gel electrophoresis</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Hospital patients</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infection</topic><topic>Infectious Diseases/Bacterial Infections</topic><topic>Infectious Diseases/Respiratory Infections</topic><topic>Intensive care</topic><topic>Intensive care units</topic><topic>Intubation</topic><topic>Intubation, Intratracheal - adverse effects</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Microbial activity</topic><topic>Microbiology/Medical Microbiology</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Morbidity</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Nosocomial infections</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Pneumonia</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated - microbiology</topic><topic>Polymerase Chain Reaction</topic><topic>Porphyromonas gingivalis</topic><topic>Porphyromonas gingivalis - genetics</topic><topic>Probiotics</topic><topic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</topic><topic>Ribosomal DNA</topic><topic>RNA</topic><topic>RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics</topic><topic>rRNA 16S</topic><topic>Species diversity</topic><topic>Species Specificity</topic><topic>Streptococcus infections</topic><topic>Streptococcus mutans</topic><topic>Templates, Genetic</topic><topic>Tubes</topic><topic>Ventilation</topic><topic>Ventilator-associated pneumonia</topic><topic>Ventilators</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cairns, Scott</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thomas, John Gilbert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hooper, Samuel James</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wise, Matthew Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frost, Paul John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilson, Melanie Julia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lewis, Michael Alexander Oxenham</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, David Wynne</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cairns, Scott</au><au>Thomas, John Gilbert</au><au>Hooper, Samuel James</au><au>Wise, Matthew Peter</au><au>Frost, Paul John</au><au>Wilson, Melanie Julia</au><au>Lewis, Michael Alexander Oxenham</au><au>Williams, David Wynne</au><au>Ahmed, Niyaz</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Molecular analysis of microbial communities in endotracheal tube biofilms</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2011-03-14</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>6</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>e14759</spage><epage>e14759</epage><pages>e14759-e14759</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Ventilator-associated pneumonia is the most prevalent acquired infection of patients on intensive care units and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Evidence suggests that an improved understanding of the composition of the biofilm communities that form on endotracheal tubes may result in the development of improved preventative strategies for ventilator-associated pneumonia.
The aim of this study was to characterise microbial biofilms on the inner luminal surface of extubated endotracheal tubes from ICU patients using PCR and molecular profiling. Twenty-four endotracheal tubes were obtained from twenty mechanically ventilated patients. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiling of 16S rRNA gene amplicons was used to assess the diversity of the bacterial population, together with species specific PCR of key marker oral microorganisms and a quantitative assessment of culturable aerobic bacteria. Analysis of culturable aerobic bacteria revealed a range of colonisation from no growth to 2.1×10(8) colony forming units (cfu)/cm(2) of endotracheal tube (mean 1.4×10(7) cfu/cm(2)). PCR targeting of specific bacterial species detected the oral bacteria Streptococcus mutans (n = 5) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (n = 5). DGGE profiling of the endotracheal biofilms revealed complex banding patterns containing between 3 and 22 (mean 6) bands per tube, thus demonstrating the marked complexity of the constituent biofilms. Significant inter-patient diversity was evident. The number of DGGE bands detected was not related to total viable microbial counts or the duration of intubation.
Molecular profiling using DGGE demonstrated considerable biofilm compositional complexity and inter-patient diversity and provides a rapid method for the further study of biofilm composition in longitudinal and interventional studies. The presence of oral microorganisms in endotracheal tube biofilms suggests that these may be important in biofilm development and may provide a therapeutic target for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>21423727</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0014759</doi><tpages>e14759</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2011-03, Vol.6 (3), p.e14759-e14759 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1295494064 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adult Aerobic bacteria Aerobic microorganisms Aged Algorithms Analysis Bacteria Bacteria - genetics Bacteria - growth & development Banding Biodiversity Biofilms Candida albicans Cluster Analysis Colonies Colonization Colony-forming cells Communities Complexity Critical Care and Emergency Medicine/Respiratory Failure Cross infection Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis Dentistry DNA, Bacterial - genetics Female Gel electrophoresis Health aspects Hospital patients Hospitals Humans Infection Infectious Diseases/Bacterial Infections Infectious Diseases/Respiratory Infections Intensive care Intensive care units Intubation Intubation, Intratracheal - adverse effects Male Microbial activity Microbiology/Medical Microbiology Microorganisms Middle Aged Morbidity Mortality Nosocomial infections Patients Pneumonia Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated - microbiology Polymerase Chain Reaction Porphyromonas gingivalis Porphyromonas gingivalis - genetics Probiotics Pseudomonas aeruginosa Ribosomal DNA RNA RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics rRNA 16S Species diversity Species Specificity Streptococcus infections Streptococcus mutans Templates, Genetic Tubes Ventilation Ventilator-associated pneumonia Ventilators Young Adult |
| title | Molecular analysis of microbial communities in endotracheal tube biofilms |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-22T13%3A32%3A07IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Molecular%20analysis%20of%20microbial%20communities%20in%20endotracheal%20tube%20biofilms&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Cairns,%20Scott&rft.date=2011-03-14&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=e14759&rft.epage=e14759&rft.pages=e14759-e14759&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0014759&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA476900470%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1295494064&rft_id=info:pmid/21423727&rft_galeid=A476900470&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_ab42799c87e141009f4f1757539651d0&rfr_iscdi=true |