Macrophages recognize size and shape of their targets
Recognition by macrophages is a key process in generating immune response against invading pathogens. Previous studies have focused on recognition of pathogens through surface receptors present on the macrophage's surface. Here, using polymeric particles of different geometries that represent t...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2010-04, Vol.5 (4), p.e10051 |
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| description | Recognition by macrophages is a key process in generating immune response against invading pathogens. Previous studies have focused on recognition of pathogens through surface receptors present on the macrophage's surface. Here, using polymeric particles of different geometries that represent the size and shape range of a variety of bacteria, the importance of target geometry in recognition was investigated. The studies reported here reveal that attachment of particles of different geometries to macrophages exhibits a strong dependence on size and shape. For all sizes and shapes studied, particles possessing the longest dimension in the range of 2-3 microm exhibited highest attachment. This also happens to be the size range of most commonly found bacteria in nature. The surface features of macrophages, in particular the membrane ruffles, might play an important role in this geometry-based target recognition by macrophages. These findings have significant implications in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and in designing drug delivery carriers. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0010051 |
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Previous studies have focused on recognition of pathogens through surface receptors present on the macrophage's surface. Here, using polymeric particles of different geometries that represent the size and shape range of a variety of bacteria, the importance of target geometry in recognition was investigated. The studies reported here reveal that attachment of particles of different geometries to macrophages exhibits a strong dependence on size and shape. For all sizes and shapes studied, particles possessing the longest dimension in the range of 2-3 microm exhibited highest attachment. This also happens to be the size range of most commonly found bacteria in nature. The surface features of macrophages, in particular the membrane ruffles, might play an important role in this geometry-based target recognition by macrophages. These findings have significant implications in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and in designing drug delivery carriers.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010051</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20386614</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adhesiveness ; Animals ; Bacteria ; Bacteria - immunology ; Biophysics ; Blood ; Campylobacter fetus ; Cell Line ; Chemical engineering ; Cholera ; Cooperation ; Data mining ; Disease control ; Disease prevention ; Drug Carriers ; Drug delivery ; Drug delivery systems ; Fetuses ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Geometry ; Health surveillance ; Immune response ; Immune system ; Immunology/Antigen Processing and Recognition ; Immunology/Innate Immunity ; Infectious diseases ; Laboratories ; Libraries ; Macrophages ; Macrophages - immunology ; Mice ; Models, Immunological ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; Particle Size ; Pathogenicity ; Pathogens ; Pattern recognition ; Pneumonia ; Polystyrenes ; Public health ; Receptors ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Shape recognition ; Streptococcus pyogenes ; Studies ; Target recognition ; Tuberculosis ; Vibrio cholerae ; Websites</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2010-04, Vol.5 (4), p.e10051</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2010 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2010 Doshi, Mitragotri. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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Previous studies have focused on recognition of pathogens through surface receptors present on the macrophage's surface. Here, using polymeric particles of different geometries that represent the size and shape range of a variety of bacteria, the importance of target geometry in recognition was investigated. The studies reported here reveal that attachment of particles of different geometries to macrophages exhibits a strong dependence on size and shape. For all sizes and shapes studied, particles possessing the longest dimension in the range of 2-3 microm exhibited highest attachment. This also happens to be the size range of most commonly found bacteria in nature. The surface features of macrophages, in particular the membrane ruffles, might play an important role in this geometry-based target recognition by macrophages. 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Previous studies have focused on recognition of pathogens through surface receptors present on the macrophage's surface. Here, using polymeric particles of different geometries that represent the size and shape range of a variety of bacteria, the importance of target geometry in recognition was investigated. The studies reported here reveal that attachment of particles of different geometries to macrophages exhibits a strong dependence on size and shape. For all sizes and shapes studied, particles possessing the longest dimension in the range of 2-3 microm exhibited highest attachment. This also happens to be the size range of most commonly found bacteria in nature. The surface features of macrophages, in particular the membrane ruffles, might play an important role in this geometry-based target recognition by macrophages. These findings have significant implications in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and in designing drug delivery carriers.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>20386614</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0010051</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adhesiveness Animals Bacteria Bacteria - immunology Biophysics Blood Campylobacter fetus Cell Line Chemical engineering Cholera Cooperation Data mining Disease control Disease prevention Drug Carriers Drug delivery Drug delivery systems Fetuses Fluorescent Dyes Geometry Health surveillance Immune response Immune system Immunology/Antigen Processing and Recognition Immunology/Innate Immunity Infectious diseases Laboratories Libraries Macrophages Macrophages - immunology Mice Models, Immunological Mycoplasma pneumoniae Particle Size Pathogenicity Pathogens Pattern recognition Pneumonia Polystyrenes Public health Receptors Scanning electron microscopy Shape recognition Streptococcus pyogenes Studies Target recognition Tuberculosis Vibrio cholerae Websites |
| title | Macrophages recognize size and shape of their targets |
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