Human african trypanosomiasis diagnosis in first-line health services of endemic countries, a systematic review

While the incidence of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) is decreasing, the control approach is shifting from active population screening by mobile teams to passive case detection in primary care centers. We conducted a systematic review of the literature between 1970 and 2011 to assess which diag...

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Veröffentlicht in:PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2012-11, Vol.6 (11), p.e1919-e1919
Hauptverfasser: Mitashi, Patrick, Hasker, Epco, Lejon, Veerle, Kande, Victor, Muyembe, Jean-Jacques, Lutumba, Pascal, Boelaert, Marleen
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container_end_page e1919
container_issue 11
container_start_page e1919
container_title PLoS neglected tropical diseases
container_volume 6
creator Mitashi, Patrick
Hasker, Epco
Lejon, Veerle
Kande, Victor
Muyembe, Jean-Jacques
Lutumba, Pascal
Boelaert, Marleen
description While the incidence of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) is decreasing, the control approach is shifting from active population screening by mobile teams to passive case detection in primary care centers. We conducted a systematic review of the literature between 1970 and 2011 to assess which diagnostic tools are most suitable for use in first-line health facilities in endemic countries. Our search retrieved 16 different screening and confirmation tests for HAT. The thermostable format of the Card Agglutination Test for Trypanosomiasis (CATT test) was the most appropriate screening test. Lateral flow antibody detection tests could become alternative screening tests in the near future. Confirmation of HAT diagnosis still depends on visualizing the parasite in direct microscopy. All other currently available confirmation tests are either technically too demanding and/or lack sensitivity and thus rather inappropriate for use at health center level. Novel applications of molecular tests may have potential for use at district hospital level.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001919
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subjects African trypanosomiasis
Blood
Care and treatment
Diagnosis
Diagnostic services
Diagnostic Tests, Routine - methods
Endemic Diseases
Forecasts and trends
Humans
Management
Medical examination
Medicine
Methods
Parasitology - methods
Polymerase chain reaction
Trypanosomiasis, African - diagnosis
Trypanosomiasis, African - epidemiology
title Human african trypanosomiasis diagnosis in first-line health services of endemic countries, a systematic review
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