Using recombinant proteins from Lutzomyia longipalpis saliva to estimate human vector exposure in visceral Leishmaniasis endemic areas
Leishmania is transmitted by female sand flies and deposited together with saliva, which contains a vast repertoire of pharmacologically active molecules that contribute to the establishment of the infection. The exposure to vector saliva induces an immune response against its components that can be...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2010-03, Vol.4 (3), p.e649 |
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| creator | Souza, Ana Paula Andrade, Bruno Bezerril Aquino, Dorlene Entringer, Petter Miranda, José Carlos Alcantara, Ruan Ruiz, Daniel Soto, Manuel Teixeira, Clarissa R Valenzuela, Jesus G de Oliveira, Camila Indiani Brodskyn, Cláudia Ida Barral-Netto, Manoel Barral, Aldina |
| description | Leishmania is transmitted by female sand flies and deposited together with saliva, which contains a vast repertoire of pharmacologically active molecules that contribute to the establishment of the infection. The exposure to vector saliva induces an immune response against its components that can be used as a marker of exposure to the vector. Performing large-scale serological studies to detect vector exposure has been limited by the difficulty in obtaining sand fly saliva. Here, we validate the use of two sand fly salivary recombinant proteins as markers for vector exposure.
ELISA was used to screen human sera, collected in an area endemic for visceral leishmaniasis, against the salivary gland sonicate (SGS) or two recombinant proteins (rLJM11 and rLJM17) from Lutzomyia longipalpis saliva. Antibody levels before and after SGS seroconversion (n = 26) were compared using the Wilcoxon signed rank paired test. Human sera from an area endemic for VL which recognize Lu. longipalpis saliva in ELISA also recognize a combination of rLJM17 and rLJM11. We then extended the analysis to include 40 sera from individuals who were seropositive and 40 seronegative to Lu. longipalpis SGS. Each recombinant protein was able to detect anti-saliva seroconversion, whereas the two proteins combined increased the detection significantly. Additionally, we evaluated the specificity of the anti-Lu. longipalpis response by testing 40 sera positive to Lutzomyia intermedia SGS, and very limited (2/40) cross-reactivity was observed. Receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify the effectiveness of these proteins for the prediction of anti-SGS positivity. These ROC curves evidenced the superior performance of rLJM17+rLJM11. Predicted threshold levels were confirmed for rLJM17+rLJM11 using a large panel of 1,077 serum samples.
Our results show the possibility of substituting Lu. longipalpis SGS for two recombinant proteins, LJM17 and LJM11, in order to probe for vector exposure in individuals residing in endemic areas. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000649 |
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ELISA was used to screen human sera, collected in an area endemic for visceral leishmaniasis, against the salivary gland sonicate (SGS) or two recombinant proteins (rLJM11 and rLJM17) from Lutzomyia longipalpis saliva. Antibody levels before and after SGS seroconversion (n = 26) were compared using the Wilcoxon signed rank paired test. Human sera from an area endemic for VL which recognize Lu. longipalpis saliva in ELISA also recognize a combination of rLJM17 and rLJM11. We then extended the analysis to include 40 sera from individuals who were seropositive and 40 seronegative to Lu. longipalpis SGS. Each recombinant protein was able to detect anti-saliva seroconversion, whereas the two proteins combined increased the detection significantly. Additionally, we evaluated the specificity of the anti-Lu. longipalpis response by testing 40 sera positive to Lutzomyia intermedia SGS, and very limited (2/40) cross-reactivity was observed. Receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify the effectiveness of these proteins for the prediction of anti-SGS positivity. These ROC curves evidenced the superior performance of rLJM17+rLJM11. Predicted threshold levels were confirmed for rLJM17+rLJM11 using a large panel of 1,077 serum samples.
Our results show the possibility of substituting Lu. longipalpis SGS for two recombinant proteins, LJM17 and LJM11, in order to probe for vector exposure in individuals residing in endemic areas.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1935-2735</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1935-2727</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1935-2735</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000649</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20351785</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animals ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - methods ; Exposure ; Female ; Humans ; Immune response ; Infant ; Infections ; Infectious Diseases/Neglected Tropical Diseases ; Insects ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral - epidemiology ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral - transmission ; Parasites ; Proteins ; Proteins - genetics ; Proteins - immunology ; Psychodidae - immunology ; Recombinant Proteins - genetics ; Recombinant Proteins - immunology ; Saliva - immunology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Tropical diseases ; Vector-borne diseases</subject><ispartof>PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2010-03, Vol.4 (3), p.e649</ispartof><rights>2010 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Citation: Souza AP, Andrade BB, Aquino D, Entringer P, Miranda JC, et al. (2010) Using Recombinant Proteins from Lutzomyia longipalpis Saliva to Estimate Human Vector Exposure in Visceral Leishmaniasis Endemic Areas. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4(3): e649. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000649</rights><rights>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. 2010</rights><rights>2010 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Citation: Souza AP, Andrade BB, Aquino D, Entringer P, Miranda JC, et al. (2010) Using Recombinant Proteins from Lutzomyia longipalpis Saliva to Estimate Human Vector Exposure in Visceral Leishmaniasis Endemic Areas. 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The exposure to vector saliva induces an immune response against its components that can be used as a marker of exposure to the vector. Performing large-scale serological studies to detect vector exposure has been limited by the difficulty in obtaining sand fly saliva. Here, we validate the use of two sand fly salivary recombinant proteins as markers for vector exposure.
ELISA was used to screen human sera, collected in an area endemic for visceral leishmaniasis, against the salivary gland sonicate (SGS) or two recombinant proteins (rLJM11 and rLJM17) from Lutzomyia longipalpis saliva. Antibody levels before and after SGS seroconversion (n = 26) were compared using the Wilcoxon signed rank paired test. Human sera from an area endemic for VL which recognize Lu. longipalpis saliva in ELISA also recognize a combination of rLJM17 and rLJM11. We then extended the analysis to include 40 sera from individuals who were seropositive and 40 seronegative to Lu. longipalpis SGS. Each recombinant protein was able to detect anti-saliva seroconversion, whereas the two proteins combined increased the detection significantly. Additionally, we evaluated the specificity of the anti-Lu. longipalpis response by testing 40 sera positive to Lutzomyia intermedia SGS, and very limited (2/40) cross-reactivity was observed. Receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify the effectiveness of these proteins for the prediction of anti-SGS positivity. These ROC curves evidenced the superior performance of rLJM17+rLJM11. Predicted threshold levels were confirmed for rLJM17+rLJM11 using a large panel of 1,077 serum samples.
Our results show the possibility of substituting Lu. longipalpis SGS for two recombinant proteins, LJM17 and LJM11, in order to probe for vector exposure in individuals residing in endemic areas.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - methods</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Infectious Diseases/Neglected Tropical Diseases</subject><subject>Insects</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis, Visceral - epidemiology</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis, Visceral - transmission</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Proteins - immunology</subject><subject>Psychodidae - immunology</subject><subject>Recombinant Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Recombinant Proteins - immunology</subject><subject>Saliva - immunology</subject><subject>Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><subject>Seroepidemiologic Studies</subject><subject>Tropical diseases</subject><subject>Vector-borne 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The exposure to vector saliva induces an immune response against its components that can be used as a marker of exposure to the vector. Performing large-scale serological studies to detect vector exposure has been limited by the difficulty in obtaining sand fly saliva. Here, we validate the use of two sand fly salivary recombinant proteins as markers for vector exposure.
ELISA was used to screen human sera, collected in an area endemic for visceral leishmaniasis, against the salivary gland sonicate (SGS) or two recombinant proteins (rLJM11 and rLJM17) from Lutzomyia longipalpis saliva. Antibody levels before and after SGS seroconversion (n = 26) were compared using the Wilcoxon signed rank paired test. Human sera from an area endemic for VL which recognize Lu. longipalpis saliva in ELISA also recognize a combination of rLJM17 and rLJM11. We then extended the analysis to include 40 sera from individuals who were seropositive and 40 seronegative to Lu. longipalpis SGS. Each recombinant protein was able to detect anti-saliva seroconversion, whereas the two proteins combined increased the detection significantly. Additionally, we evaluated the specificity of the anti-Lu. longipalpis response by testing 40 sera positive to Lutzomyia intermedia SGS, and very limited (2/40) cross-reactivity was observed. Receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify the effectiveness of these proteins for the prediction of anti-SGS positivity. These ROC curves evidenced the superior performance of rLJM17+rLJM11. Predicted threshold levels were confirmed for rLJM17+rLJM11 using a large panel of 1,077 serum samples.
Our results show the possibility of substituting Lu. longipalpis SGS for two recombinant proteins, LJM17 and LJM11, in order to probe for vector exposure in individuals residing in endemic areas.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>20351785</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pntd.0000649</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2010-03, Vol.4 (3), p.e649 |
| issn | 1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1288103017 |
| source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; PubMed Central Open Access |
| subjects | Animals Child Child, Preschool Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - methods Exposure Female Humans Immune response Infant Infections Infectious Diseases/Neglected Tropical Diseases Insects Leishmaniasis, Visceral - epidemiology Leishmaniasis, Visceral - transmission Parasites Proteins Proteins - genetics Proteins - immunology Psychodidae - immunology Recombinant Proteins - genetics Recombinant Proteins - immunology Saliva - immunology Sensitivity and Specificity Seroepidemiologic Studies Tropical diseases Vector-borne diseases |
| title | Using recombinant proteins from Lutzomyia longipalpis saliva to estimate human vector exposure in visceral Leishmaniasis endemic areas |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-21T20%3A03%3A50IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Using%20recombinant%20proteins%20from%20Lutzomyia%20longipalpis%20saliva%20to%20estimate%20human%20vector%20exposure%20in%20visceral%20Leishmaniasis%20endemic%20areas&rft.jtitle=PLoS%20neglected%20tropical%20diseases&rft.au=Souza,%20Ana%20Paula&rft.date=2010-03-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=e649&rft.pages=e649-&rft.issn=1935-2735&rft.eissn=1935-2735&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000649&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_plos_%3E2893306131%3C/proquest_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1288103017&rft_id=info:pmid/20351785&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_52283fe481ef4f05999c62dd4ad81776&rfr_iscdi=true |