Multi-host transmission dynamics of Schistosoma japonicum in Samar province, the Philippines
Among the 6.7 million people living in areas of the Philippines where infection with Schistosoma japonicum is considered endemic, even within small geographical areas levels of infection vary considerably. In general, the ecological drivers of this variability are not well described. Unlike other sc...
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| creator | Riley, Steven Carabin, Hélène Bélisle, Patrick Joseph, Lawrence Tallo, Veronica Balolong, Ernesto Willingham, A Lee Fernandez, Tomas J Gonzales, Ryan O'Neal Olveda, Remigio McGarvey, Stephen T |
| description | Among the 6.7 million people living in areas of the Philippines where infection with Schistosoma japonicum is considered endemic, even within small geographical areas levels of infection vary considerably. In general, the ecological drivers of this variability are not well described. Unlike other schistosomes, S. japonicum is known to infect several mammalian hosts. However, the relative contribution of different hosts to the transmission cycle is not well understood. Here, we characterize the transmission dynamics of S. japonicum using data from an extensive field study and a mathematical transmission model.
In this study, stool samples were obtained from 5,623 humans and 5,899 potential nonhuman mammalian hosts in 50 villages in the Province of Samar, the Philippines. These data, with variable numbers of samples per individual, were adjusted for known specificities and sensitivities of the measurement techniques before being used to estimate the parameters of a mathematical transmission model, under the assumption that the dynamic transmission processes of infection and recovery were in a steady state in each village. The model was structured to allow variable rates of transmission from different mammals (humans, dogs, cats, pigs, domesticated water buffalo, and rats) to snails and from snails to mammals. First, we held transmission parameters constant for all villages and found that no combination of mammalian population size and prevalence of infectivity could explain the observed variability in prevalence of infection between villages. We then allowed either the underlying rate of transmission (a) from snails to mammals or (b) from mammals to snails to vary by village. Our data provided substantially more support for model structure (a) than for model structure (b). Fitted values for the village-level transmission intensity from snails to mammals appeared to be strongly spatially correlated, which is consistent with results from descriptive hierarchical analyses.
Our results suggest that the process of acquiring mammalian S. japonicum infection is more important in explaining differences in prevalence of infection between villages than the process of snails becoming infected. Also, the contribution from water buffaloes to human S. japonicum infection in the Philippines is less important than has been recently observed for bovines in China. These findings have implications for the prioritization of mitigating interventions against S. japonicum transmis |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pmed.0050018 |
| format | Article |
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In this study, stool samples were obtained from 5,623 humans and 5,899 potential nonhuman mammalian hosts in 50 villages in the Province of Samar, the Philippines. These data, with variable numbers of samples per individual, were adjusted for known specificities and sensitivities of the measurement techniques before being used to estimate the parameters of a mathematical transmission model, under the assumption that the dynamic transmission processes of infection and recovery were in a steady state in each village. The model was structured to allow variable rates of transmission from different mammals (humans, dogs, cats, pigs, domesticated water buffalo, and rats) to snails and from snails to mammals. First, we held transmission parameters constant for all villages and found that no combination of mammalian population size and prevalence of infectivity could explain the observed variability in prevalence of infection between villages. We then allowed either the underlying rate of transmission (a) from snails to mammals or (b) from mammals to snails to vary by village. Our data provided substantially more support for model structure (a) than for model structure (b). Fitted values for the village-level transmission intensity from snails to mammals appeared to be strongly spatially correlated, which is consistent with results from descriptive hierarchical analyses.
Our results suggest that the process of acquiring mammalian S. japonicum infection is more important in explaining differences in prevalence of infection between villages than the process of snails becoming infected. Also, the contribution from water buffaloes to human S. japonicum infection in the Philippines is less important than has been recently observed for bovines in China. These findings have implications for the prioritization of mitigating interventions against S. japonicum transmission.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1549-1676</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1549-1277</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1549-1676</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0050018</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18215106</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animals ; Animals, Domestic - parasitology ; Animals, Wild - parasitology ; Cities ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disease Reservoirs ; Ecology ; Endemic Diseases ; Fresh Water - parasitology ; Global health ; Humans ; Infections ; Infectious Diseases ; Measurement techniques ; Models, Theoretical ; Mollusks ; Parasite Egg Count ; Parasites ; Philippines - epidemiology ; Public Health and Epidemiology ; Rural Population ; Schistosoma japonicum - isolation & purification ; Schistosomiasis japonica - epidemiology ; Schistosomiasis japonica - prevention & control ; Schistosomiasis japonica - transmission ; Schistosomiasis japonica - veterinary ; Snails - parasitology ; Species Specificity ; Towns ; Zoonoses</subject><ispartof>PLoS medicine, 2008-01, Vol.5 (1), p.e18-e18</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2008 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2008 Riley et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Riley S, Carabin H, Bélisle P, Joseph L, Tallo V, et al. (2008) Multi-Host Transmission Dynamics of Schistosoma japonicum in Samar Province, the Philippines. PLoS Med 5(1): e18. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050018</rights><rights>2008 Riley et al. 2008</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c762t-40428f68b7daafb5c01b18cc9ea8b7c22d56d3e87451ca7bc84aebf866a7a2fb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c762t-40428f68b7daafb5c01b18cc9ea8b7c22d56d3e87451ca7bc84aebf866a7a2fb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2211559/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2211559/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2095,2914,23846,27903,27904,53769,53771,79346,79347</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18215106$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>King, Charles H</contributor><creatorcontrib>Riley, Steven</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carabin, Hélène</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bélisle, Patrick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Joseph, Lawrence</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tallo, Veronica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balolong, Ernesto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Willingham, A Lee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernandez, Tomas J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gonzales, Ryan O'Neal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olveda, Remigio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McGarvey, Stephen T</creatorcontrib><title>Multi-host transmission dynamics of Schistosoma japonicum in Samar province, the Philippines</title><title>PLoS medicine</title><addtitle>PLoS Med</addtitle><description>Among the 6.7 million people living in areas of the Philippines where infection with Schistosoma japonicum is considered endemic, even within small geographical areas levels of infection vary considerably. In general, the ecological drivers of this variability are not well described. Unlike other schistosomes, S. japonicum is known to infect several mammalian hosts. However, the relative contribution of different hosts to the transmission cycle is not well understood. Here, we characterize the transmission dynamics of S. japonicum using data from an extensive field study and a mathematical transmission model.
In this study, stool samples were obtained from 5,623 humans and 5,899 potential nonhuman mammalian hosts in 50 villages in the Province of Samar, the Philippines. These data, with variable numbers of samples per individual, were adjusted for known specificities and sensitivities of the measurement techniques before being used to estimate the parameters of a mathematical transmission model, under the assumption that the dynamic transmission processes of infection and recovery were in a steady state in each village. The model was structured to allow variable rates of transmission from different mammals (humans, dogs, cats, pigs, domesticated water buffalo, and rats) to snails and from snails to mammals. First, we held transmission parameters constant for all villages and found that no combination of mammalian population size and prevalence of infectivity could explain the observed variability in prevalence of infection between villages. We then allowed either the underlying rate of transmission (a) from snails to mammals or (b) from mammals to snails to vary by village. Our data provided substantially more support for model structure (a) than for model structure (b). Fitted values for the village-level transmission intensity from snails to mammals appeared to be strongly spatially correlated, which is consistent with results from descriptive hierarchical analyses.
Our results suggest that the process of acquiring mammalian S. japonicum infection is more important in explaining differences in prevalence of infection between villages than the process of snails becoming infected. Also, the contribution from water buffaloes to human S. japonicum infection in the Philippines is less important than has been recently observed for bovines in China. These findings have implications for the prioritization of mitigating interventions against S. japonicum transmission.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Animals, Domestic - parasitology</subject><subject>Animals, Wild - parasitology</subject><subject>Cities</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Disease Reservoirs</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Endemic Diseases</subject><subject>Fresh Water - parasitology</subject><subject>Global health</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Infectious Diseases</subject><subject>Measurement techniques</subject><subject>Models, Theoretical</subject><subject>Mollusks</subject><subject>Parasite Egg Count</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Philippines - epidemiology</subject><subject>Public Health and Epidemiology</subject><subject>Rural Population</subject><subject>Schistosoma japonicum - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Schistosomiasis japonica - epidemiology</subject><subject>Schistosomiasis japonica - prevention & control</subject><subject>Schistosomiasis japonica - transmission</subject><subject>Schistosomiasis japonica - veterinary</subject><subject>Snails - parasitology</subject><subject>Species Specificity</subject><subject>Towns</subject><subject>Zoonoses</subject><issn>1549-1676</issn><issn>1549-1277</issn><issn>1549-1676</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqVk12L1DAUhoso7rr6D0QLwoJgx5y0aTM3C8vix8DqiqteCeE0TacZ2qQ26eL-ezNO1anMhZKLhJPnvDl5kxNFj4EsIC3g5caOg8F20XeqWhDCCAF-JzoGli0TyIv87t76KHrg3IYQuiRLcj86Ak6BAcmPo6_vxtbrpLHOx35A4zrtnLYmrm4Ndlq62NbxtWy089bZDuMN9tZoOXaxNvE1djjE_WBvtJHqRewbFX9odKv7XhvlHkb3amydejTNJ9Hn168-XbxNLq_erC7OLxNZ5NQnGckor3NeFhViXTJJoAQu5VJhiElKK5ZXqeJFxkBiUUqeoSprnudYIK3L9CR6utPtW-vEZIwTQDknnKcFD8RqR1QWN6IfdKj7VljU4mfADmuBg9eyVUKlJCuwBOSMZgQgVESzrJa0BiYlqKB1Np02lsF7qUwwrp2JzneMbsTa3ghKARhbBoHTSWCw30blvAimS9W2aJQdnSgIZSznaQCf_QUevttErTGUr01tw6lyKynOKaFA84JCoJID1FoZFUq0RtU6hGf84gAfRqXCtziY8HyWEBivvvs1js6J1fXH_2Df_zt79WXOnu6xjcLWN862ow8_2s3BbAfKwTo3qPr38wER2_b65bTYtpeY2iukPdl_-j9JUz-lPwAuNx-A</recordid><startdate>20080101</startdate><enddate>20080101</enddate><creator>Riley, Steven</creator><creator>Carabin, Hélène</creator><creator>Bélisle, Patrick</creator><creator>Joseph, Lawrence</creator><creator>Tallo, Veronica</creator><creator>Balolong, Ernesto</creator><creator>Willingham, A Lee</creator><creator>Fernandez, Tomas J</creator><creator>Gonzales, Ryan O'Neal</creator><creator>Olveda, Remigio</creator><creator>McGarvey, Stephen T</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISN</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><scope>CZK</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20080101</creationdate><title>Multi-host transmission dynamics of Schistosoma japonicum in Samar province, the Philippines</title><author>Riley, Steven ; Carabin, Hélène ; Bélisle, Patrick ; Joseph, Lawrence ; Tallo, Veronica ; Balolong, Ernesto ; Willingham, A Lee ; Fernandez, Tomas J ; Gonzales, Ryan O'Neal ; Olveda, Remigio ; McGarvey, Stephen T</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c762t-40428f68b7daafb5c01b18cc9ea8b7c22d56d3e87451ca7bc84aebf866a7a2fb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Animals, Domestic - parasitology</topic><topic>Animals, Wild - parasitology</topic><topic>Cities</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Disease Reservoirs</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Endemic Diseases</topic><topic>Fresh Water - parasitology</topic><topic>Global health</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Infectious Diseases</topic><topic>Measurement techniques</topic><topic>Models, Theoretical</topic><topic>Mollusks</topic><topic>Parasite Egg Count</topic><topic>Parasites</topic><topic>Philippines - epidemiology</topic><topic>Public Health and Epidemiology</topic><topic>Rural Population</topic><topic>Schistosoma japonicum - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Schistosomiasis japonica - epidemiology</topic><topic>Schistosomiasis japonica - prevention & control</topic><topic>Schistosomiasis japonica - transmission</topic><topic>Schistosomiasis japonica - veterinary</topic><topic>Snails - parasitology</topic><topic>Species Specificity</topic><topic>Towns</topic><topic>Zoonoses</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Riley, Steven</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carabin, Hélène</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bélisle, Patrick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Joseph, Lawrence</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tallo, Veronica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balolong, Ernesto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Willingham, A Lee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernandez, Tomas J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gonzales, Ryan O'Neal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olveda, Remigio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McGarvey, Stephen T</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Canada</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><collection>PLoS Medicine</collection><jtitle>PLoS medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Riley, Steven</au><au>Carabin, Hélène</au><au>Bélisle, Patrick</au><au>Joseph, Lawrence</au><au>Tallo, Veronica</au><au>Balolong, Ernesto</au><au>Willingham, A Lee</au><au>Fernandez, Tomas J</au><au>Gonzales, Ryan O'Neal</au><au>Olveda, Remigio</au><au>McGarvey, Stephen T</au><au>King, Charles H</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Multi-host transmission dynamics of Schistosoma japonicum in Samar province, the Philippines</atitle><jtitle>PLoS medicine</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS Med</addtitle><date>2008-01-01</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>5</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e18</spage><epage>e18</epage><pages>e18-e18</pages><issn>1549-1676</issn><issn>1549-1277</issn><eissn>1549-1676</eissn><abstract>Among the 6.7 million people living in areas of the Philippines where infection with Schistosoma japonicum is considered endemic, even within small geographical areas levels of infection vary considerably. In general, the ecological drivers of this variability are not well described. Unlike other schistosomes, S. japonicum is known to infect several mammalian hosts. However, the relative contribution of different hosts to the transmission cycle is not well understood. Here, we characterize the transmission dynamics of S. japonicum using data from an extensive field study and a mathematical transmission model.
In this study, stool samples were obtained from 5,623 humans and 5,899 potential nonhuman mammalian hosts in 50 villages in the Province of Samar, the Philippines. These data, with variable numbers of samples per individual, were adjusted for known specificities and sensitivities of the measurement techniques before being used to estimate the parameters of a mathematical transmission model, under the assumption that the dynamic transmission processes of infection and recovery were in a steady state in each village. The model was structured to allow variable rates of transmission from different mammals (humans, dogs, cats, pigs, domesticated water buffalo, and rats) to snails and from snails to mammals. First, we held transmission parameters constant for all villages and found that no combination of mammalian population size and prevalence of infectivity could explain the observed variability in prevalence of infection between villages. We then allowed either the underlying rate of transmission (a) from snails to mammals or (b) from mammals to snails to vary by village. Our data provided substantially more support for model structure (a) than for model structure (b). Fitted values for the village-level transmission intensity from snails to mammals appeared to be strongly spatially correlated, which is consistent with results from descriptive hierarchical analyses.
Our results suggest that the process of acquiring mammalian S. japonicum infection is more important in explaining differences in prevalence of infection between villages than the process of snails becoming infected. Also, the contribution from water buffaloes to human S. japonicum infection in the Philippines is less important than has been recently observed for bovines in China. These findings have implications for the prioritization of mitigating interventions against S. japonicum transmission.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>18215106</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pmed.0050018</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Animals, Domestic - parasitology Animals, Wild - parasitology Cities Cross-Sectional Studies Disease Reservoirs Ecology Endemic Diseases Fresh Water - parasitology Global health Humans Infections Infectious Diseases Measurement techniques Models, Theoretical Mollusks Parasite Egg Count Parasites Philippines - epidemiology Public Health and Epidemiology Rural Population Schistosoma japonicum - isolation & purification Schistosomiasis japonica - epidemiology Schistosomiasis japonica - prevention & control Schistosomiasis japonica - transmission Schistosomiasis japonica - veterinary Snails - parasitology Species Specificity Towns Zoonoses |
| title | Multi-host transmission dynamics of Schistosoma japonicum in Samar province, the Philippines |
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