Viruses in Fungi: Infection of Yeast with the K1 and K2 Killer Viruses
We demonstrate here that yeast killer viruses, previously thought to be transmitted only by cytoplasmic mixing during division, mating, or other induced forms of cell fusion, are capable of extracellular transmission. Viral particles from standard K1 and K2 killer strains were used to inoculate sens...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 1987-06, Vol.84 (12), p.4293-4297 |
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| container_title | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS |
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| creator | El-Sherbeini, Mohamed Bostian, Keith A. |
| description | We demonstrate here that yeast killer viruses, previously thought to be transmitted only by cytoplasmic mixing during division, mating, or other induced forms of cell fusion, are capable of extracellular transmission. Viral particles from standard K1 and K2 killer strains were used to inoculate sensitive cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, rendered competent by spheroplasting, lithium acetate treatment, or by natural mating. Extracellular transmission of the killer viruses was judged by the following criteria and controls. (i) Filter-sterilized virus inocula were shown to be free of viable yeast cells, and host cells treated in the absence of added virus did not yield killer progeny. (ii) Infected clones originating from spheroplasts or lithium acetate-treated cells were shown to possess the genotype of the host strain and the killer phenotype of the infecting virus. (iii) Infected clones derived from complementary mating pairs were found to be wild-type diploids, whose meiotic segregants exhibited 2:2 segregation for unlinked nutritional markers and 4:0 segregation for the killer phenotype. This technique is generally applicable to the study of interactions between yeast viruses and different hosts and suggests that extracellular transmission may be a natural route for the inheritance and dissemination of mycoviruses. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1073/pnas.84.12.4293 |
| format | Article |
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Viral particles from standard K1 and K2 killer strains were used to inoculate sensitive cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, rendered competent by spheroplasting, lithium acetate treatment, or by natural mating. Extracellular transmission of the killer viruses was judged by the following criteria and controls. (i) Filter-sterilized virus inocula were shown to be free of viable yeast cells, and host cells treated in the absence of added virus did not yield killer progeny. (ii) Infected clones originating from spheroplasts or lithium acetate-treated cells were shown to possess the genotype of the host strain and the killer phenotype of the infecting virus. (iii) Infected clones derived from complementary mating pairs were found to be wild-type diploids, whose meiotic segregants exhibited 2:2 segregation for unlinked nutritional markers and 4:0 segregation for the killer phenotype. 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Psychology ; Genotype ; Genotypes ; Infections ; Microbiology ; Morphology, structure, chemical composition, physicochemical properties ; Phenotype ; Phenotypes ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae - physiology ; Spheroplasts ; Spheroplasts - physiology ; Virology ; Virus Physiological Phenomena ; Viruses ; Viruses - genetics ; Yeasts</subject><ispartof>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 1987-06, Vol.84 (12), p.4293-4297</ispartof><rights>1987 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c521t-573cd465c9c0890efcad07a8c401808d1d05694a27b95ab275b9a99485c7109b3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Uhttp://www.pnas.org/content/84/12.cover.gif</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/29966$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/29966$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,728,781,785,804,886,27929,27930,53796,53798,58022,58255</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=8318759$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3295880$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>El-Sherbeini, Mohamed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bostian, Keith A.</creatorcontrib><title>Viruses in Fungi: Infection of Yeast with the K1 and K2 Killer Viruses</title><title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</title><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><description>We demonstrate here that yeast killer viruses, previously thought to be transmitted only by cytoplasmic mixing during division, mating, or other induced forms of cell fusion, are capable of extracellular transmission. Viral particles from standard K1 and K2 killer strains were used to inoculate sensitive cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, rendered competent by spheroplasting, lithium acetate treatment, or by natural mating. Extracellular transmission of the killer viruses was judged by the following criteria and controls. (i) Filter-sterilized virus inocula were shown to be free of viable yeast cells, and host cells treated in the absence of added virus did not yield killer progeny. (ii) Infected clones originating from spheroplasts or lithium acetate-treated cells were shown to possess the genotype of the host strain and the killer phenotype of the infecting virus. (iii) Infected clones derived from complementary mating pairs were found to be wild-type diploids, whose meiotic segregants exhibited 2:2 segregation for unlinked nutritional markers and 4:0 segregation for the killer phenotype. This technique is generally applicable to the study of interactions between yeast viruses and different hosts and suggests that extracellular transmission may be a natural route for the inheritance and dissemination of mycoviruses.</description><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cell separation</subject><subject>Cell walls</subject><subject>Crosses, Genetic</subject><subject>Diploidy</subject><subject>Double stranded RNA</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Genotypes</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Morphology, structure, chemical composition, physicochemical properties</subject><subject>Phenotype</subject><subject>Phenotypes</subject><subject>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</subject><subject>Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics</subject><subject>Saccharomyces cerevisiae - physiology</subject><subject>Spheroplasts</subject><subject>Spheroplasts - physiology</subject><subject>Virology</subject><subject>Virus Physiological Phenomena</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><subject>Viruses - genetics</subject><subject>Yeasts</subject><issn>0027-8424</issn><issn>1091-6490</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1987</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc9rFDEUx4Moda2eBUHJQeppti-ZZJIIHqS4bdmCFxU8hUwm002ZzaxJxh__vTPsMNRLPb3A9_N9L1--CL0ksCYgyvNDMGkt2ZrQNaOqfIRWBBQpKqbgMVoBUFFIRtlT9CylOwBQXMIJOinp-JCwQptvPg7JJewD3gzh1r_H16F1Nvs-4L7F351JGf_yeYfzzuEtwSY0eEvx1nedi3i2P0dPWtMl92Kep-jr5tOXi6vi5vPl9cXHm8JySnLBRWkbVnGrLEgFrrWmAWGkZUAkyIY0wCvFDBW14qamgtfKKMUkt2LMVZen6MNx72Go966xLuRoOn2Ifm_iH90br_9Vgt_p2_6nLoGDIKP_bPbH_sfgUtZ7n6zrOhNcPyQtBK-Aquq_IGGCc1pN4PkRtLFPKbp2-QwBPVWkp4q0ZJpQPVU0Ol7fz7Dwcyej_nbWTbKma6MJ1qcFkyWRgqsRezNj0_5FvX_n3YOAboeuy-53HslXR_Iu5T4uKFVqDPgXI0a5MQ</recordid><startdate>19870601</startdate><enddate>19870601</enddate><creator>El-Sherbeini, Mohamed</creator><creator>Bostian, Keith A.</creator><general>National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</general><general>National Acad Sciences</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19870601</creationdate><title>Viruses in Fungi: Infection of Yeast with the K1 and K2 Killer Viruses</title><author>El-Sherbeini, Mohamed ; Bostian, Keith A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c521t-573cd465c9c0890efcad07a8c401808d1d05694a27b95ab275b9a99485c7109b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1987</creationdate><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cell separation</topic><topic>Cell walls</topic><topic>Crosses, Genetic</topic><topic>Diploidy</topic><topic>Double stranded RNA</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>Genotypes</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Morphology, structure, chemical composition, physicochemical properties</topic><topic>Phenotype</topic><topic>Phenotypes</topic><topic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</topic><topic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics</topic><topic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae - physiology</topic><topic>Spheroplasts</topic><topic>Spheroplasts - physiology</topic><topic>Virology</topic><topic>Virus Physiological Phenomena</topic><topic>Viruses</topic><topic>Viruses - genetics</topic><topic>Yeasts</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>El-Sherbeini, Mohamed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bostian, Keith A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>El-Sherbeini, Mohamed</au><au>Bostian, Keith A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Viruses in Fungi: Infection of Yeast with the K1 and K2 Killer Viruses</atitle><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</jtitle><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><date>1987-06-01</date><risdate>1987</risdate><volume>84</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>4293</spage><epage>4297</epage><pages>4293-4297</pages><issn>0027-8424</issn><eissn>1091-6490</eissn><coden>PNASA6</coden><abstract>We demonstrate here that yeast killer viruses, previously thought to be transmitted only by cytoplasmic mixing during division, mating, or other induced forms of cell fusion, are capable of extracellular transmission. Viral particles from standard K1 and K2 killer strains were used to inoculate sensitive cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, rendered competent by spheroplasting, lithium acetate treatment, or by natural mating. Extracellular transmission of the killer viruses was judged by the following criteria and controls. (i) Filter-sterilized virus inocula were shown to be free of viable yeast cells, and host cells treated in the absence of added virus did not yield killer progeny. (ii) Infected clones originating from spheroplasts or lithium acetate-treated cells were shown to possess the genotype of the host strain and the killer phenotype of the infecting virus. (iii) Infected clones derived from complementary mating pairs were found to be wild-type diploids, whose meiotic segregants exhibited 2:2 segregation for unlinked nutritional markers and 4:0 segregation for the killer phenotype. 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| subjects | Biological and medical sciences Cell separation Cell walls Crosses, Genetic Diploidy Double stranded RNA Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genotype Genotypes Infections Microbiology Morphology, structure, chemical composition, physicochemical properties Phenotype Phenotypes Saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics Saccharomyces cerevisiae - physiology Spheroplasts Spheroplasts - physiology Virology Virus Physiological Phenomena Viruses Viruses - genetics Yeasts |
| title | Viruses in Fungi: Infection of Yeast with the K1 and K2 Killer Viruses |
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