In vivo XRF analysis of mercury: the relation between concentrations in the kidney and the urine
The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of mercury in organs of occupationally exposed workers using in vivo x-ray fluorescence analysis. Twenty mercury exposed workers and twelve occupationally unexposed referents participated in the study. Their mercury levels in kidney, li...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Physics in medicine & biology 1995-03, Vol.40 (3), p.413-426 |
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| creator | Borjesson, J Barregard, L Sallsten, G Schutz, A Jonson, R Alpsten, M Mattsson, S |
| description | The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of mercury in organs of occupationally exposed workers using in vivo x-ray fluorescence analysis. Twenty mercury exposed workers and twelve occupationally unexposed referents participated in the study. Their mercury levels in kidney, liver and thyroid were measured using a technique based on excitation with partly plane polarized photons. The mercury levels in blood and urine were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The detection limit for mercury in the kidney was exceeded in nine of the exposed workers, but in none of the referents. The mean kidney mercury concentration (including estimates below the detection limits) was 24 micrograms g-1 in the exposed workers, and 1 microgram g-1 in the referents. The association between mercury in the kidney and in urine was statistically significant, but it was unclear whether the relation was linear. The measurements on liver (n = 10) and thyroid (n = 8) in the exposed workers showed mercury levels below the detection limit. The study shows that it is now possible to measure the mercury concentrations in kidneys of occupationally exposed persons, using in vivo x-ray fluorescence. The estimated concentrations are in reasonable agreement with the limited human autopsy data, and the results of animal studies. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1088/0031-9155/40/3/006 |
| format | Article |
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Twenty mercury exposed workers and twelve occupationally unexposed referents participated in the study. Their mercury levels in kidney, liver and thyroid were measured using a technique based on excitation with partly plane polarized photons. The mercury levels in blood and urine were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The detection limit for mercury in the kidney was exceeded in nine of the exposed workers, but in none of the referents. The mean kidney mercury concentration (including estimates below the detection limits) was 24 micrograms g-1 in the exposed workers, and 1 microgram g-1 in the referents. The association between mercury in the kidney and in urine was statistically significant, but it was unclear whether the relation was linear. The measurements on liver (n = 10) and thyroid (n = 8) in the exposed workers showed mercury levels below the detection limit. The study shows that it is now possible to measure the mercury concentrations in kidneys of occupationally exposed persons, using in vivo x-ray fluorescence. The estimated concentrations are in reasonable agreement with the limited human autopsy data, and the results of animal studies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0031-9155</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1361-6560</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1361-6560</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/40/3/006</identifier><identifier>PMID: 7732071</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PHMBA7</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Bristol: IOP Publishing</publisher><subject>Adult ; Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biophysical Phenomena ; Biophysics ; Chemical compounds (mineral, organic) ; Chemical, physic and infectious diseases ; Clinical Medicine ; Humans ; Kidney - chemistry ; Klinisk medicin ; Liver - chemistry ; Medical and Health Sciences ; Medical sciences ; Medicin och hälsovetenskap ; Mercury - analysis ; Mercury - urine ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; Occupational medicine ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Radiologi och bildbehandling ; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imaging ; Reproducibility of Results ; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission - methods ; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission - statistics & numerical data ; Thyroid Gland - chemistry ; Tissue Distribution</subject><ispartof>Physics in medicine & biology, 1995-03, Vol.40 (3), p.413-426</ispartof><rights>1995 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c510t-43d00a35d654693abaf424023195cb617b8555bdba6cfdcc3826930c0de074f23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c510t-43d00a35d654693abaf424023195cb617b8555bdba6cfdcc3826930c0de074f23</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0031-9155/40/3/006/pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Giop$$H</linktopdf><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925,53830,53910</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=3453796$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7732071$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://lup.lub.lu.se/record/31428$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Borjesson, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barregard, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sallsten, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schutz, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jonson, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alpsten, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mattsson, S</creatorcontrib><title>In vivo XRF analysis of mercury: the relation between concentrations in the kidney and the urine</title><title>Physics in medicine & biology</title><addtitle>Phys Med Biol</addtitle><description>The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of mercury in organs of occupationally exposed workers using in vivo x-ray fluorescence analysis. Twenty mercury exposed workers and twelve occupationally unexposed referents participated in the study. Their mercury levels in kidney, liver and thyroid were measured using a technique based on excitation with partly plane polarized photons. The mercury levels in blood and urine were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The detection limit for mercury in the kidney was exceeded in nine of the exposed workers, but in none of the referents. The mean kidney mercury concentration (including estimates below the detection limits) was 24 micrograms g-1 in the exposed workers, and 1 microgram g-1 in the referents. The association between mercury in the kidney and in urine was statistically significant, but it was unclear whether the relation was linear. The measurements on liver (n = 10) and thyroid (n = 8) in the exposed workers showed mercury levels below the detection limit. The study shows that it is now possible to measure the mercury concentrations in kidneys of occupationally exposed persons, using in vivo x-ray fluorescence. The estimated concentrations are in reasonable agreement with the limited human autopsy data, and the results of animal studies.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biophysical Phenomena</subject><subject>Biophysics</subject><subject>Chemical compounds (mineral, organic)</subject><subject>Chemical, physic and infectious diseases</subject><subject>Clinical Medicine</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Kidney - chemistry</subject><subject>Klinisk medicin</subject><subject>Liver - chemistry</subject><subject>Medical and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Medicin och hälsovetenskap</subject><subject>Mercury - analysis</subject><subject>Mercury - urine</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Occupational Exposure</subject><subject>Occupational medicine</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Radiologi och bildbehandling</subject><subject>Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imaging</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission - methods</subject><subject>Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Thyroid Gland - chemistry</subject><subject>Tissue Distribution</subject><issn>0031-9155</issn><issn>1361-6560</issn><issn>1361-6560</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1995</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkEuLFDEUhYMoYzv6BwQhCzcuyr638qgqdzI4OtAgiIK7mCdGq1NFUj1D_3vTD3ozGxeXcHK_cxIOIa8R3iP0_RqAYTOgEGsOa1alfEJWyCQ2Ukh4SlYX4Dl5UcofAMS-5VfkqutYCx2uyK-7RO_j_UR_frulOulxX2KhU6Bbn-0u7z_Q5ben2Y96iVOixi8P3idqp2R9WvLxttCYjtjf6JLf1xh3lLsck39JngU9Fv_qfF6TH7efvt98aTZfP9_dfNw0ViAsDWcOQDPhpOByYNrowFsOLcNBWCOxM70QwjijpQ3OWta3FQMLzkPHQ8uuyeaUWx78vDNqznGr815NOqpxN9cxdVTxygofGPagdCdBcUStDKJRcmhD3_leWmQ1rj3F2TyVkn24BCKoQ_nq0K06dKs4KFalrKY3J1P9wNa7i-Xcdt2_Pe91sXoMWScbywVjXLBuOMQ0JyxO8_89--4x_5hTswvsHxFmpZY</recordid><startdate>19950301</startdate><enddate>19950301</enddate><creator>Borjesson, J</creator><creator>Barregard, L</creator><creator>Sallsten, G</creator><creator>Schutz, A</creator><creator>Jonson, R</creator><creator>Alpsten, M</creator><creator>Mattsson, S</creator><general>IOP Publishing</general><general>Institute of Physics</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope><scope>D95</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19950301</creationdate><title>In vivo XRF analysis of mercury: the relation between concentrations in the kidney and the urine</title><author>Borjesson, J ; Barregard, L ; Sallsten, G ; Schutz, A ; Jonson, R ; Alpsten, M ; Mattsson, S</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c510t-43d00a35d654693abaf424023195cb617b8555bdba6cfdcc3826930c0de074f23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1995</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biophysical Phenomena</topic><topic>Biophysics</topic><topic>Chemical compounds (mineral, organic)</topic><topic>Chemical, physic and infectious diseases</topic><topic>Clinical Medicine</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Kidney - chemistry</topic><topic>Klinisk medicin</topic><topic>Liver - chemistry</topic><topic>Medical and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Medicin och hälsovetenskap</topic><topic>Mercury - analysis</topic><topic>Mercury - urine</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Occupational Exposure</topic><topic>Occupational medicine</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</topic><topic>Radiologi och bildbehandling</topic><topic>Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imaging</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission - methods</topic><topic>Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Thyroid Gland - chemistry</topic><topic>Tissue Distribution</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Borjesson, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barregard, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sallsten, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schutz, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jonson, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alpsten, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mattsson, S</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><collection>SWEPUB Lunds universitet</collection><jtitle>Physics in medicine & biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Borjesson, J</au><au>Barregard, L</au><au>Sallsten, G</au><au>Schutz, A</au><au>Jonson, R</au><au>Alpsten, M</au><au>Mattsson, S</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>In vivo XRF analysis of mercury: the relation between concentrations in the kidney and the urine</atitle><jtitle>Physics in medicine & biology</jtitle><addtitle>Phys Med Biol</addtitle><date>1995-03-01</date><risdate>1995</risdate><volume>40</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>413</spage><epage>426</epage><pages>413-426</pages><issn>0031-9155</issn><issn>1361-6560</issn><eissn>1361-6560</eissn><coden>PHMBA7</coden><abstract>The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of mercury in organs of occupationally exposed workers using in vivo x-ray fluorescence analysis. Twenty mercury exposed workers and twelve occupationally unexposed referents participated in the study. Their mercury levels in kidney, liver and thyroid were measured using a technique based on excitation with partly plane polarized photons. The mercury levels in blood and urine were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The detection limit for mercury in the kidney was exceeded in nine of the exposed workers, but in none of the referents. The mean kidney mercury concentration (including estimates below the detection limits) was 24 micrograms g-1 in the exposed workers, and 1 microgram g-1 in the referents. The association between mercury in the kidney and in urine was statistically significant, but it was unclear whether the relation was linear. The measurements on liver (n = 10) and thyroid (n = 8) in the exposed workers showed mercury levels below the detection limit. The study shows that it is now possible to measure the mercury concentrations in kidneys of occupationally exposed persons, using in vivo x-ray fluorescence. The estimated concentrations are in reasonable agreement with the limited human autopsy data, and the results of animal studies.</abstract><cop>Bristol</cop><pub>IOP Publishing</pub><pmid>7732071</pmid><doi>10.1088/0031-9155/40/3/006</doi><tpages>14</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Physics in medicine & biology, 1995-03, Vol.40 (3), p.413-426 |
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| source | MEDLINE; IOP Publishing Journals; Institute of Physics (IOP) Journals - HEAL-Link |
| subjects | Adult Animals Biological and medical sciences Biophysical Phenomena Biophysics Chemical compounds (mineral, organic) Chemical, physic and infectious diseases Clinical Medicine Humans Kidney - chemistry Klinisk medicin Liver - chemistry Medical and Health Sciences Medical sciences Medicin och hälsovetenskap Mercury - analysis Mercury - urine Middle Aged Occupational Exposure Occupational medicine Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Radiologi och bildbehandling Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imaging Reproducibility of Results Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission - methods Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission - statistics & numerical data Thyroid Gland - chemistry Tissue Distribution |
| title | In vivo XRF analysis of mercury: the relation between concentrations in the kidney and the urine |
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