Bacterial contamination of different components of the waterpipe

SETTING: Waterpipe smoking is an emerging topic in tobacco research that may have unrecognised health hazards.OBJECTIVE: To determine whether waterpipes are a source of bacterial contamination.METHODS: A total of 15 restaurants and waterpipe cafés were randomly selected from the list of locations se...

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Veröffentlicht in:	The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease 2014-08, Vol.18 (8), p.988-991
Hauptverfasser:	Safizadeh, H., Moradi, M., Rad, M. Rostami, Nakhaee, N.
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Bacteria - isolation & purification Bacterial Contamination Bacterial diseases Bacteriological Techniques Biological and medical sciences Cross-Sectional Studies Hookah Human bacterial diseases Humans Infectious diseases Iran Lung Infection Medical sciences Pneumology Restaurants Smoking - adverse effects Time Factors Tobacco Products - microbiology Tuberculosis and atypical mycobacterial infections Water Microbiology
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