Latent Variable Models for Teratogenesis Using Multiple Binary Outcomes
Multiple outcomes are commonly measured in the study of birth defects. The reason is that most teratogens do not cause a single, uniquely defined defect, but rather result in a range of effects, including major malformations, minor anomalies, and deficiencies in birth weight, length and head circumf...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of the American Statistical Association 1997-03, Vol.92 (437), p.13-20 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 20 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 437 |
| container_start_page | 13 |
| container_title | Journal of the American Statistical Association |
| container_volume | 92 |
| creator | Legler, Julie M. Ryan, Louise M. Ryan, Louise M. |
| description | Multiple outcomes are commonly measured in the study of birth defects. The reason is that most teratogens do not cause a single, uniquely defined defect, but rather result in a range of effects, including major malformations, minor anomalies, and deficiencies in birth weight, length and head circumference. The spectrum of effects associated with a particular teratogen is sometimes described as a "syndrome." In this article we develop a latent variable model to characterize exposure effects on multiple binary outcomes. Not only does the method allow comparisons of control and exposed infants with respect to multiple outcomes, but it also provides a measure of the "severity" of each child's condition. Data from a study of the teratogenic effects of anticonvulsants illustrate our results. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1080/01621459.1997.10473598 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>jstor_pasca</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pascalfrancis_primary_2791087</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><jstor_id>2291445</jstor_id><sourcerecordid>2291445</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-b3938158bf883a67cb721799aa37c476398ab619d71860f5d8c0f84fda4becc93</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkV9LHDEUxYO04HbrVyiDFvo0mn8zSR6ttLaw4otK38KdTEayZCdrkkH89s2wrhahmJcL4XfOPclB6AvBpwRLfIZJSwlv1ClRSpQrLlij5AFakIaJmgr-5wNazFA9U4foU0prXI6QcoEuV5DtmKs7iA46b6ur0FufqiHE6sZGyOHejja5VN0mN95XV5PPblu4726E-FRdT9mEjU2f0ccBfLJHz3OJbn_-uLn4Va-uL39fnK9qwwTJdccUk6SR3SAlg1aYTlAilAJgwnDRMiWha4nqBZEtHppeGjxIPvTAO2uMYkv0bee7jeFhsinrjUvGeg-jDVPSkiksCG1YIY_fkOswxbGE0-VPJCWyrFuik_9BhAvOWDGbqXZHmRhSinbQ2-g25fmaYD13oPcd6LkDve-gCL8-20My4IcIo3HpRU2FKmrxiq1TDvFfc1oCaEoV4bwp2PkOc2OpZwOPIfpeZ3jyIe6t2TuJ_gKk2qQa</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>274821876</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Latent Variable Models for Teratogenesis Using Multiple Binary Outcomes</title><source>Periodicals Index Online</source><source>JSTOR Mathematics & Statistics</source><source>JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing</source><source>Taylor & Francis Journals Complete</source><creator>Legler, Julie M. ; Ryan, Louise M. ; Ryan, Louise M.</creator><creatorcontrib>Legler, Julie M. ; Ryan, Louise M. ; Ryan, Louise M.</creatorcontrib><description>Multiple outcomes are commonly measured in the study of birth defects. The reason is that most teratogens do not cause a single, uniquely defined defect, but rather result in a range of effects, including major malformations, minor anomalies, and deficiencies in birth weight, length and head circumference. The spectrum of effects associated with a particular teratogen is sometimes described as a "syndrome." In this article we develop a latent variable model to characterize exposure effects on multiple binary outcomes. Not only does the method allow comparisons of control and exposed infants with respect to multiple outcomes, but it also provides a measure of the "severity" of each child's condition. Data from a study of the teratogenic effects of anticonvulsants illustrate our results.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0162-1459</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-274X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1080/01621459.1997.10473598</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JSTNAL</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Alexandria, VA: Taylor & Francis Group</publisher><subject>Anticonvulsants ; Applications ; Applications and Case Studies ; Binary system ; Biology, psychology, social sciences ; Birth ; Birth defects ; Birth weight ; Children ; Exact sciences and technology ; Infants ; Insurance, economics, finance ; Item response theory ; Logistic regression ; Logistics ; Mathematics ; Medical sciences ; Modeling ; Multivariate analysis ; Neonatal disorders ; Newborn babies ; Probability and statistics ; Random effects ; Rasch model ; Regression analysis ; Reliability, life testing, quality control ; Sciences and techniques of general use ; Statistical analysis ; Statistical methods ; Statistics ; Teratogenesis ; Teratology</subject><ispartof>Journal of the American Statistical Association, 1997-03, Vol.92 (437), p.13-20</ispartof><rights>Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 1997</rights><rights>Copyright 1997 American Statistical Association</rights><rights>1997 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Statistical Association Mar 1997</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-b3938158bf883a67cb721799aa37c476398ab619d71860f5d8c0f84fda4becc93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-b3938158bf883a67cb721799aa37c476398ab619d71860f5d8c0f84fda4becc93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/2291445$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/2291445$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,832,27869,27924,27925,58017,58021,58250,58254,59647,60436</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=2791087$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Legler, Julie M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ryan, Louise M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ryan, Louise M.</creatorcontrib><title>Latent Variable Models for Teratogenesis Using Multiple Binary Outcomes</title><title>Journal of the American Statistical Association</title><description>Multiple outcomes are commonly measured in the study of birth defects. The reason is that most teratogens do not cause a single, uniquely defined defect, but rather result in a range of effects, including major malformations, minor anomalies, and deficiencies in birth weight, length and head circumference. The spectrum of effects associated with a particular teratogen is sometimes described as a "syndrome." In this article we develop a latent variable model to characterize exposure effects on multiple binary outcomes. Not only does the method allow comparisons of control and exposed infants with respect to multiple outcomes, but it also provides a measure of the "severity" of each child's condition. Data from a study of the teratogenic effects of anticonvulsants illustrate our results.</description><subject>Anticonvulsants</subject><subject>Applications</subject><subject>Applications and Case Studies</subject><subject>Binary system</subject><subject>Biology, psychology, social sciences</subject><subject>Birth</subject><subject>Birth defects</subject><subject>Birth weight</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Infants</subject><subject>Insurance, economics, finance</subject><subject>Item response theory</subject><subject>Logistic regression</subject><subject>Logistics</subject><subject>Mathematics</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Modeling</subject><subject>Multivariate analysis</subject><subject>Neonatal disorders</subject><subject>Newborn babies</subject><subject>Probability and statistics</subject><subject>Random effects</subject><subject>Rasch model</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Reliability, life testing, quality control</subject><subject>Sciences and techniques of general use</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>Statistics</subject><subject>Teratogenesis</subject><subject>Teratology</subject><issn>0162-1459</issn><issn>1537-274X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1997</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>K30</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkV9LHDEUxYO04HbrVyiDFvo0mn8zSR6ttLaw4otK38KdTEayZCdrkkH89s2wrhahmJcL4XfOPclB6AvBpwRLfIZJSwlv1ClRSpQrLlij5AFakIaJmgr-5wNazFA9U4foU0prXI6QcoEuV5DtmKs7iA46b6ur0FufqiHE6sZGyOHejja5VN0mN95XV5PPblu4726E-FRdT9mEjU2f0ccBfLJHz3OJbn_-uLn4Va-uL39fnK9qwwTJdccUk6SR3SAlg1aYTlAilAJgwnDRMiWha4nqBZEtHppeGjxIPvTAO2uMYkv0bee7jeFhsinrjUvGeg-jDVPSkiksCG1YIY_fkOswxbGE0-VPJCWyrFuik_9BhAvOWDGbqXZHmRhSinbQ2-g25fmaYD13oPcd6LkDve-gCL8-20My4IcIo3HpRU2FKmrxiq1TDvFfc1oCaEoV4bwp2PkOc2OpZwOPIfpeZ3jyIe6t2TuJ_gKk2qQa</recordid><startdate>19970301</startdate><enddate>19970301</enddate><creator>Legler, Julie M.</creator><creator>Ryan, Louise M.</creator><creator>Ryan, Louise M.</creator><general>Taylor & Francis Group</general><general>American Statistical Association</general><general>Taylor & Francis Ltd</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>JRZRW</scope><scope>K30</scope><scope>PAAUG</scope><scope>PAWHS</scope><scope>PAWZZ</scope><scope>PAXOH</scope><scope>PBHAV</scope><scope>PBQSW</scope><scope>PBYQZ</scope><scope>PCIWU</scope><scope>PCMID</scope><scope>PCZJX</scope><scope>PDGRG</scope><scope>PDWWI</scope><scope>PETMR</scope><scope>PFVGT</scope><scope>PGXDX</scope><scope>PIHIL</scope><scope>PISVA</scope><scope>PJCTQ</scope><scope>PJTMS</scope><scope>PLCHJ</scope><scope>PMHAD</scope><scope>PNQDJ</scope><scope>POUND</scope><scope>PPLAD</scope><scope>PQAPC</scope><scope>PQCAN</scope><scope>PQCMW</scope><scope>PQEME</scope><scope>PQHKH</scope><scope>PQMID</scope><scope>PQNCT</scope><scope>PQNET</scope><scope>PQSCT</scope><scope>PQSET</scope><scope>PSVJG</scope><scope>PVMQY</scope><scope>PZGFC</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M0T</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PADUT</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYYUZ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>S0X</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19970301</creationdate><title>Latent Variable Models for Teratogenesis Using Multiple Binary Outcomes</title><author>Legler, Julie M. ; Ryan, Louise M. ; Ryan, Louise M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-b3938158bf883a67cb721799aa37c476398ab619d71860f5d8c0f84fda4becc93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1997</creationdate><topic>Anticonvulsants</topic><topic>Applications</topic><topic>Applications and Case Studies</topic><topic>Binary system</topic><topic>Biology, psychology, social sciences</topic><topic>Birth</topic><topic>Birth defects</topic><topic>Birth weight</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Infants</topic><topic>Insurance, economics, finance</topic><topic>Item response theory</topic><topic>Logistic regression</topic><topic>Logistics</topic><topic>Mathematics</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Modeling</topic><topic>Multivariate analysis</topic><topic>Neonatal disorders</topic><topic>Newborn babies</topic><topic>Probability and statistics</topic><topic>Random effects</topic><topic>Rasch model</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Reliability, life testing, quality control</topic><topic>Sciences and techniques of general use</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Statistical methods</topic><topic>Statistics</topic><topic>Teratogenesis</topic><topic>Teratology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Legler, Julie M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ryan, Louise M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ryan, Louise M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online Segment 35</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - West</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - International</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - MEA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - Midwest</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - Northeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - Southeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - North Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - Southeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - South Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - UK / I</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - Canada</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - EMEALA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - North Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - South Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - International</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - International</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - West</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online Segments 1-50</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - APAC</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - Midwest</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - MEA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - Canada</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - UK / I</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - EMEALA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - APAC</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - Canada</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - West</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - EMEALA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - Northeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - Midwest</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - North Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - Northeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - South Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - Southeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - UK / I</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - APAC</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - MEA</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Access via ABI/INFORM (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Research Library China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><jtitle>Journal of the American Statistical Association</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Legler, Julie M.</au><au>Ryan, Louise M.</au><au>Ryan, Louise M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Latent Variable Models for Teratogenesis Using Multiple Binary Outcomes</atitle><jtitle>Journal of the American Statistical Association</jtitle><date>1997-03-01</date><risdate>1997</risdate><volume>92</volume><issue>437</issue><spage>13</spage><epage>20</epage><pages>13-20</pages><issn>0162-1459</issn><eissn>1537-274X</eissn><coden>JSTNAL</coden><abstract>Multiple outcomes are commonly measured in the study of birth defects. The reason is that most teratogens do not cause a single, uniquely defined defect, but rather result in a range of effects, including major malformations, minor anomalies, and deficiencies in birth weight, length and head circumference. The spectrum of effects associated with a particular teratogen is sometimes described as a "syndrome." In this article we develop a latent variable model to characterize exposure effects on multiple binary outcomes. Not only does the method allow comparisons of control and exposed infants with respect to multiple outcomes, but it also provides a measure of the "severity" of each child's condition. Data from a study of the teratogenic effects of anticonvulsants illustrate our results.</abstract><cop>Alexandria, VA</cop><pub>Taylor & Francis Group</pub><doi>10.1080/01621459.1997.10473598</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0162-1459 |
| ispartof | Journal of the American Statistical Association, 1997-03, Vol.92 (437), p.13-20 |
| issn | 0162-1459 1537-274X |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pascalfrancis_primary_2791087 |
| source | Periodicals Index Online; JSTOR Mathematics & Statistics; JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing; Taylor & Francis Journals Complete |
| subjects | Anticonvulsants Applications Applications and Case Studies Binary system Biology, psychology, social sciences Birth Birth defects Birth weight Children Exact sciences and technology Infants Insurance, economics, finance Item response theory Logistic regression Logistics Mathematics Medical sciences Modeling Multivariate analysis Neonatal disorders Newborn babies Probability and statistics Random effects Rasch model Regression analysis Reliability, life testing, quality control Sciences and techniques of general use Statistical analysis Statistical methods Statistics Teratogenesis Teratology |
| title | Latent Variable Models for Teratogenesis Using Multiple Binary Outcomes |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-04T10%3A20%3A25IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-jstor_pasca&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Latent%20Variable%20Models%20for%20Teratogenesis%20Using%20Multiple%20Binary%20Outcomes&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20the%20American%20Statistical%20Association&rft.au=Legler,%20Julie%20M.&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=437&rft.spage=13&rft.epage=20&rft.pages=13-20&rft.issn=0162-1459&rft.eissn=1537-274X&rft.coden=JSTNAL&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080/01621459.1997.10473598&rft_dat=%3Cjstor_pasca%3E2291445%3C/jstor_pasca%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=274821876&rft_id=info:pmid/&rft_jstor_id=2291445&rfr_iscdi=true |