Effective Density Characterization of Soot Agglomerates from Various Sources and Comparison to Aggregation Theory
Soot particle (black carbon) morphology is of dual interest, both from a health perspective and due to the influence of soot on the global climate. In this study, the mass-mobility relationships, and thus effective densities, of soot agglomerates from three types of soot emitting sources were determ...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Aerosol science and technology 2013-07, Vol.47 (7), p.792-805 |
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| creator | Rissler, Jenny Messing, Maria E. Malik, Azhar I. Nilsson, Patrik T. Nordin, Erik Z. Bohgard, Mats Sanati, Mehri Pagels, Joakim H. |
| description | Soot particle (black carbon) morphology is of dual interest, both from a health perspective and due to the influence of soot on the global climate. In this study, the mass-mobility relationships, and thus effective densities, of soot agglomerates from three types of soot emitting sources were determined in situ by combining a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) and an aerosol particle mass analyzer (APM). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy was also used. The soot sources were diesel engines, diffusion flame soot generators, and tapered candles, operated under varying conditions. The soot microstructure was found to be similar for all sources and settings tested, with a distance between the graphene layers of 3.7-3.8 Å. The particle specific surface area was found to vary from 100 to 260 m
2
/g. The particle mass-mobility relationship could be described by a power law function with an average exponent of 2.3 (±0.1) for sources with a volatile mass fraction |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1080/02786826.2013.791381 |
| format | Article |
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2
/g. The particle mass-mobility relationship could be described by a power law function with an average exponent of 2.3 (±0.1) for sources with a volatile mass fraction <10% and primary particle sizes of 11-29 nm. The diesel exhaust from a heavy duty engine at idling had a substantially higher volatile mass fraction and a higher mass-mobility exponent of 2.6. The mass-mobility exponent was essentially independent of the number of primary particles in the range covered (N
pp
= 10-1000). Despite the similar exponents, the effective density varied substantially from source to source. Two parameters were found to alter the effective density: primary particle size and coating mass fraction. A correlation was found between primary particle size and mass-mobility relationship/effective density and an empirical expression relating these parameters is presented. The effects on the DMA-APM results of doubly charged particles and DMA agglomerate alignment were investigated and quantified. Finally, the dataset was compared to three theoretical approaches describing agglomerate particles' mass-mobility relationship.
Copyright 2013 American Association for Aerosol Research</description><identifier>ISSN: 0278-6826</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1521-7388</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1521-7388</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1080/02786826.2013.791381</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ASTYDQ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Colchester: Taylor & Francis</publisher><subject>Aerosols ; Agglomerates ; Carbon black ; Charged particles ; Chemical Sciences ; Chemistry ; Colloidal state and disperse state ; Correlation analysis ; Density ; Diesel engines ; Exact sciences and technology ; Exponents ; Fysikalisk kemi ; General and physical chemistry ; Graphene ; Kemi ; Microstructure ; Morphology ; Natural Sciences ; Naturvetenskap ; Particle size ; Physical Chemistry ; Soot ; Transmission electron microscopy</subject><ispartof>Aerosol science and technology, 2013-07, Vol.47 (7), p.792-805</ispartof><rights>Copyright © American Association for Aerosol Research 2013</rights><rights>2014 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Taylor & Francis Ltd. 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c612t-d9b1d45ed31a75b0521c275cbdd1a5b6701905edb7ed1c46cb5239d4bc2cc0bd3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c612t-d9b1d45ed31a75b0521c275cbdd1a5b6701905edb7ed1c46cb5239d4bc2cc0bd3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,550,776,780,881,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=27627160$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://lup.lub.lu.se/record/3979577$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rissler, Jenny</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Messing, Maria E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malik, Azhar I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nilsson, Patrik T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nordin, Erik Z.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bohgard, Mats</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanati, Mehri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pagels, Joakim H.</creatorcontrib><title>Effective Density Characterization of Soot Agglomerates from Various Sources and Comparison to Aggregation Theory</title><title>Aerosol science and technology</title><description>Soot particle (black carbon) morphology is of dual interest, both from a health perspective and due to the influence of soot on the global climate. In this study, the mass-mobility relationships, and thus effective densities, of soot agglomerates from three types of soot emitting sources were determined in situ by combining a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) and an aerosol particle mass analyzer (APM). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy was also used. The soot sources were diesel engines, diffusion flame soot generators, and tapered candles, operated under varying conditions. The soot microstructure was found to be similar for all sources and settings tested, with a distance between the graphene layers of 3.7-3.8 Å. The particle specific surface area was found to vary from 100 to 260 m
2
/g. The particle mass-mobility relationship could be described by a power law function with an average exponent of 2.3 (±0.1) for sources with a volatile mass fraction <10% and primary particle sizes of 11-29 nm. The diesel exhaust from a heavy duty engine at idling had a substantially higher volatile mass fraction and a higher mass-mobility exponent of 2.6. The mass-mobility exponent was essentially independent of the number of primary particles in the range covered (N
pp
= 10-1000). Despite the similar exponents, the effective density varied substantially from source to source. Two parameters were found to alter the effective density: primary particle size and coating mass fraction. A correlation was found between primary particle size and mass-mobility relationship/effective density and an empirical expression relating these parameters is presented. The effects on the DMA-APM results of doubly charged particles and DMA agglomerate alignment were investigated and quantified. Finally, the dataset was compared to three theoretical approaches describing agglomerate particles' mass-mobility relationship.
Copyright 2013 American Association for Aerosol Research</description><subject>Aerosols</subject><subject>Agglomerates</subject><subject>Carbon black</subject><subject>Charged particles</subject><subject>Chemical Sciences</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Colloidal state and disperse state</subject><subject>Correlation analysis</subject><subject>Density</subject><subject>Diesel engines</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Exponents</subject><subject>Fysikalisk kemi</subject><subject>General and physical chemistry</subject><subject>Graphene</subject><subject>Kemi</subject><subject>Microstructure</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Natural Sciences</subject><subject>Naturvetenskap</subject><subject>Particle size</subject><subject>Physical Chemistry</subject><subject>Soot</subject><subject>Transmission electron microscopy</subject><issn>0278-6826</issn><issn>1521-7388</issn><issn>1521-7388</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>D8T</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkk1r3DAQhk1poNuk_6AHQyn04q1GsiX5VMI2SQsLOTTtVejLGwXbciS5YfvrK-Mkhx6awyA087zvMMMUxXtAW0AcfUaYccox3WIEZMtaIBxeFRtoMFSMcP662CxItTBvircx3iGEgGHYFPcXXWd1cr9t-dWO0aVjubuVQepkg_sjk_Nj6bvyh_epPD8cej_YIJONZRf8UP6Swfk55vIcdE7K0ZQ7P0w5HbMw-UUT7GH1ubm1PhzPipNO9tG-e3xPi5-XFze7b9X--ur77nxfaQo4VaZVYOrGGgKSNQrlWTRmjVbGgGwUZQhalMuKWQO6plo1mLSmVhprjZQhp8V-9Y0PdpqVmIIbZDgKL53o5ymHyiGiFdTyTkllBeEUiRpjLfKvEQwRhknubnib7T6tdlPw97ONSQwuatv3crR5BQJYxgkjiL-M1rjleUhKMvrhH_Qur3LMexFAatoCIghlql4pHXyMwXbPwwASywWIpwsQywWI9QKy7OOjuYxa9l2Qo3bxWYsZxQzoYv9l5dzY-TDIBx96I5I89j48ich_O_0FnbHE7Q</recordid><startdate>20130701</startdate><enddate>20130701</enddate><creator>Rissler, Jenny</creator><creator>Messing, Maria E.</creator><creator>Malik, Azhar I.</creator><creator>Nilsson, Patrik T.</creator><creator>Nordin, Erik Z.</creator><creator>Bohgard, Mats</creator><creator>Sanati, Mehri</creator><creator>Pagels, Joakim H.</creator><general>Taylor & Francis</general><general>Taylor & Francis Ltd</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AGCHP</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope><scope>D8T</scope><scope>D95</scope><scope>ZZAVC</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130701</creationdate><title>Effective Density Characterization of Soot Agglomerates from Various Sources and Comparison to Aggregation Theory</title><author>Rissler, Jenny ; 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In this study, the mass-mobility relationships, and thus effective densities, of soot agglomerates from three types of soot emitting sources were determined in situ by combining a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) and an aerosol particle mass analyzer (APM). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy was also used. The soot sources were diesel engines, diffusion flame soot generators, and tapered candles, operated under varying conditions. The soot microstructure was found to be similar for all sources and settings tested, with a distance between the graphene layers of 3.7-3.8 Å. The particle specific surface area was found to vary from 100 to 260 m
2
/g. The particle mass-mobility relationship could be described by a power law function with an average exponent of 2.3 (±0.1) for sources with a volatile mass fraction <10% and primary particle sizes of 11-29 nm. The diesel exhaust from a heavy duty engine at idling had a substantially higher volatile mass fraction and a higher mass-mobility exponent of 2.6. The mass-mobility exponent was essentially independent of the number of primary particles in the range covered (N
pp
= 10-1000). Despite the similar exponents, the effective density varied substantially from source to source. Two parameters were found to alter the effective density: primary particle size and coating mass fraction. A correlation was found between primary particle size and mass-mobility relationship/effective density and an empirical expression relating these parameters is presented. The effects on the DMA-APM results of doubly charged particles and DMA agglomerate alignment were investigated and quantified. Finally, the dataset was compared to three theoretical approaches describing agglomerate particles' mass-mobility relationship.
Copyright 2013 American Association for Aerosol Research</abstract><cop>Colchester</cop><pub>Taylor & Francis</pub><doi>10.1080/02786826.2013.791381</doi><tpages>14</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Aerosol science and technology, 2013-07, Vol.47 (7), p.792-805 |
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| subjects | Aerosols Agglomerates Carbon black Charged particles Chemical Sciences Chemistry Colloidal state and disperse state Correlation analysis Density Diesel engines Exact sciences and technology Exponents Fysikalisk kemi General and physical chemistry Graphene Kemi Microstructure Morphology Natural Sciences Naturvetenskap Particle size Physical Chemistry Soot Transmission electron microscopy |
| title | Effective Density Characterization of Soot Agglomerates from Various Sources and Comparison to Aggregation Theory |
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