Optimal sampling of visual information for lightness judgments

The variable resolution and limited processing capacity of the human visual system requires us to sample the world with eye movements and attentive processes. Here we show that where observers look can strongly modulate their reports of simple surface attributes, such as lightness. When observers ma...

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Veröffentlicht in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2013-07, Vol.110 (27), p.11163-11168
Hauptverfasser: Toscani, Matteo, Valsecchi, Matteo, Gegenfurtner, Karl R.
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container_title Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS
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creator Toscani, Matteo
Valsecchi, Matteo
Gegenfurtner, Karl R.
description The variable resolution and limited processing capacity of the human visual system requires us to sample the world with eye movements and attentive processes. Here we show that where observers look can strongly modulate their reports of simple surface attributes, such as lightness. When observers matched the color of natural objects they based their judgments on the brightest parts of the objects; at the same time, they tended to fixate points with above-average luminance. When we forced participants to fixate a specific point on the object using a gaze-contingent display setup, the matched lightness was higher when observers fixated bright regions. This finding indicates a causal link between the luminance of the fixated region and the lightness match for the whole object. Simulations with rendered physical lighting show that higher values in an object’s luminance distribution are particularly informative about reflectance. This sampling strategy is an efficient and simple heuristic for the visual system to achieve accurate and invariant judgments of lightness.
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subjects Activity levels. Psychomotricity
Attention - physiology
Biological and medical sciences
Biological Sciences
Brightness
Colors
Eye movements
Eye Movements - physiology
Eyes
Fixation, Ocular - physiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Geometric shapes
Humans
Judgment
Light
Luminance
Optical Phenomena
Optical reflection
Perception
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Psychophysics
Reflectance
Sampling
Sensory perception
Simulation
Social Sciences
Vigilance. Attention. Sleep
Vision
Visual perception
Visual Perception - physiology
Visual system
title Optimal sampling of visual information for lightness judgments
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