Successional replacement of old-growth white oak by mixed mesophytic hardwoods in southwestern Pennsylvania
Presettlement forests in southwestern Pennsylvania were dominated by Quercusalba L. A relatively undisturbed remnant of this forest type on a mesic site was surveyed to investigate the successional status of Q. alba in the region. This old-growth stand is now dominated by Fagusgrandifolia Ehrh., Ace...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Canadian journal of forest research 1990-12, Vol.20 (12), p.1864-1870 |
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| container_end_page | 1870 |
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| container_issue | 12 |
| container_start_page | 1864 |
| container_title | Canadian journal of forest research |
| container_volume | 20 |
| creator | Abrams, M.D Downs, J.A |
| description | Presettlement forests in southwestern Pennsylvania were dominated by Quercusalba L. A relatively undisturbed remnant of this forest type on a mesic site was surveyed to investigate the successional status of Q. alba in the region. This old-growth stand is now dominated by Fagusgrandifolia Ehrh., Acerrubrum L., and Liriodendrontulipifera L., representing 62% of the importance value total. Oaks (Q. alba, Q. rubra L., and Q. velutina Lam.) totalled only 18% of the importance value total. The overstory mainly comprised L. tulipifera, F. grandifolia, Q. alba, and Nyssasylvatica Marsh. Acerrubrum and Prunusserotina Ehrh. were the most abundant seedlings, and few saplings of any species were present. The oldest and largest trees were oak, with two Q. alba >300 years. Over 90% of all trees were |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1139/x90-250 |
| format | Article |
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A relatively undisturbed remnant of this forest type on a mesic site was surveyed to investigate the successional status of Q. alba in the region. This old-growth stand is now dominated by Fagusgrandifolia Ehrh., Acerrubrum L., and Liriodendrontulipifera L., representing 62% of the importance value total. Oaks (Q. alba, Q. rubra L., and Q. velutina Lam.) totalled only 18% of the importance value total. The overstory mainly comprised L. tulipifera, F. grandifolia, Q. alba, and Nyssasylvatica Marsh. Acerrubrum and Prunusserotina Ehrh. were the most abundant seedlings, and few saplings of any species were present. The oldest and largest trees were oak, with two Q. alba >300 years. Over 90% of all trees were <120 years old, including many F. grandifolia, L. tulipifera, A. rubrum, and A. saccharum Marsh., but few oaks. Logging of several trees in the 1930-1940s apparently accelerated the speed of obtaining dominance for these mixed mesophytic species. Radial growth patterns varied with species and canopy position. On average, the oldest oaks exhibited slow radial growth of <0.75 mm/year. Many understory trees had average radial growth of >1.5-2.0 mm/year and exhibited a release in growth associated with logging in the 1930-1940s. We believe this forest represents a primary example of an advanced stage of oak replacement by mixed mesophytic species, a process that seems inevitable in many eastern forests.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0045-5067</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1208-6037</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1139/x90-250</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CJFRAR</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Ottawa, Canada: NRC Research Press</publisher><subject>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions ; Biological and medical sciences ; botanical composition ; ecological succession ; Forestry ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; General forest ecology ; Generalities. Production, biomass. Quality of wood and forest products. General forest ecology ; mixed forests ; Quercus alba</subject><ispartof>Canadian journal of forest research, 1990-12, Vol.20 (12), p.1864-1870</ispartof><rights>1991 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c312t-7fcaeb3d383e9fd4d7f54562af4b558493e2c9dc9b1fe1c7f9972864ad649a763</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=19544024$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Abrams, M.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Downs, J.A</creatorcontrib><title>Successional replacement of old-growth white oak by mixed mesophytic hardwoods in southwestern Pennsylvania</title><title>Canadian journal of forest research</title><addtitle>Revue canadienne de recherche forestière</addtitle><description>Presettlement forests in southwestern Pennsylvania were dominated by Quercusalba L. A relatively undisturbed remnant of this forest type on a mesic site was surveyed to investigate the successional status of Q. alba in the region. This old-growth stand is now dominated by Fagusgrandifolia Ehrh., Acerrubrum L., and Liriodendrontulipifera L., representing 62% of the importance value total. Oaks (Q. alba, Q. rubra L., and Q. velutina Lam.) totalled only 18% of the importance value total. The overstory mainly comprised L. tulipifera, F. grandifolia, Q. alba, and Nyssasylvatica Marsh. Acerrubrum and Prunusserotina Ehrh. were the most abundant seedlings, and few saplings of any species were present. The oldest and largest trees were oak, with two Q. alba >300 years. Over 90% of all trees were <120 years old, including many F. grandifolia, L. tulipifera, A. rubrum, and A. saccharum Marsh., but few oaks. Logging of several trees in the 1930-1940s apparently accelerated the speed of obtaining dominance for these mixed mesophytic species. Radial growth patterns varied with species and canopy position. On average, the oldest oaks exhibited slow radial growth of <0.75 mm/year. Many understory trees had average radial growth of >1.5-2.0 mm/year and exhibited a release in growth associated with logging in the 1930-1940s. We believe this forest represents a primary example of an advanced stage of oak replacement by mixed mesophytic species, a process that seems inevitable in many eastern forests.</description><subject>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>botanical composition</subject><subject>ecological succession</subject><subject>Forestry</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>General forest ecology</subject><subject>Generalities. Production, biomass. Quality of wood and forest products. General forest ecology</subject><subject>mixed forests</subject><subject>Quercus alba</subject><issn>0045-5067</issn><issn>1208-6037</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1990</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp90M1KAzEUhuEgCtYqXoLZiCCM5m8yzVKKf1BQUNfDaXLijJ0mJZlae_eOVHDn6ts8fIuXkFPOrjiX5vrLsEKUbI-MuGCTQjNZ7ZMRY6osSqarQ3KU8wdjTGrJRmTxsrYWc25jgI4mXHVgcYmhp9HT2LniPcVN39BN0_ZIIyzofEuX7Rc6usQcV822by1tILlNjC7TNtAc132zwdxjCvQZQ8jb7hNCC8fkwEOX8eR3x-Tt7vZ1-lDMnu4fpzezwkou-qLyFnAunZxINN4pV_lSlVqAV_OynCgjUVjjrJlzj9xW3phKTLQCp5WBSssxudj92hRzTujrVWqXkLY1Z_VPo3poVA-NBnm-kyvIFjqfINg2_3FTKsWEGtzlzoVkE2aEZJt_Ts922EOs4T0Nh28vgnHJhNZKqEp-A2NYgFA</recordid><startdate>19901201</startdate><enddate>19901201</enddate><creator>Abrams, M.D</creator><creator>Downs, J.A</creator><general>NRC Research Press</general><general>National Research Council of Canada</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19901201</creationdate><title>Successional replacement of old-growth white oak by mixed mesophytic hardwoods in southwestern Pennsylvania</title><author>Abrams, M.D ; Downs, J.A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c312t-7fcaeb3d383e9fd4d7f54562af4b558493e2c9dc9b1fe1c7f9972864ad649a763</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1990</creationdate><topic>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>botanical composition</topic><topic>ecological succession</topic><topic>Forestry</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>General forest ecology</topic><topic>Generalities. Production, biomass. Quality of wood and forest products. General forest ecology</topic><topic>mixed forests</topic><topic>Quercus alba</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Abrams, M.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Downs, J.A</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Canadian journal of forest research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Abrams, M.D</au><au>Downs, J.A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Successional replacement of old-growth white oak by mixed mesophytic hardwoods in southwestern Pennsylvania</atitle><jtitle>Canadian journal of forest research</jtitle><addtitle>Revue canadienne de recherche forestière</addtitle><date>1990-12-01</date><risdate>1990</risdate><volume>20</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>1864</spage><epage>1870</epage><pages>1864-1870</pages><issn>0045-5067</issn><eissn>1208-6037</eissn><coden>CJFRAR</coden><abstract>Presettlement forests in southwestern Pennsylvania were dominated by Quercusalba L. A relatively undisturbed remnant of this forest type on a mesic site was surveyed to investigate the successional status of Q. alba in the region. This old-growth stand is now dominated by Fagusgrandifolia Ehrh., Acerrubrum L., and Liriodendrontulipifera L., representing 62% of the importance value total. Oaks (Q. alba, Q. rubra L., and Q. velutina Lam.) totalled only 18% of the importance value total. The overstory mainly comprised L. tulipifera, F. grandifolia, Q. alba, and Nyssasylvatica Marsh. Acerrubrum and Prunusserotina Ehrh. were the most abundant seedlings, and few saplings of any species were present. The oldest and largest trees were oak, with two Q. alba >300 years. Over 90% of all trees were <120 years old, including many F. grandifolia, L. tulipifera, A. rubrum, and A. saccharum Marsh., but few oaks. Logging of several trees in the 1930-1940s apparently accelerated the speed of obtaining dominance for these mixed mesophytic species. Radial growth patterns varied with species and canopy position. On average, the oldest oaks exhibited slow radial growth of <0.75 mm/year. Many understory trees had average radial growth of >1.5-2.0 mm/year and exhibited a release in growth associated with logging in the 1930-1940s. We believe this forest represents a primary example of an advanced stage of oak replacement by mixed mesophytic species, a process that seems inevitable in many eastern forests.</abstract><cop>Ottawa, Canada</cop><pub>NRC Research Press</pub><doi>10.1139/x90-250</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0045-5067 |
| ispartof | Canadian journal of forest research, 1990-12, Vol.20 (12), p.1864-1870 |
| issn | 0045-5067 1208-6037 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pascalfrancis_primary_19544024 |
| source | Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions Biological and medical sciences botanical composition ecological succession Forestry Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General forest ecology Generalities. Production, biomass. Quality of wood and forest products. General forest ecology mixed forests Quercus alba |
| title | Successional replacement of old-growth white oak by mixed mesophytic hardwoods in southwestern Pennsylvania |
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