African runners exhibit greater fatigue resistance, lower lactate accumulation, and higher oxidative enzyme activity
1 Medical Research Council/University of Cape Town Bioenergetics of Exercise Research Unit, Department of Physiology, and 2 Department of Anatomical Pathology, University of Cape Town Medical School, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; and 3 School of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Sydney, N...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of applied physiology (1985) 1999-03, Vol.86 (3), p.915-923 |
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| container_title | Journal of applied physiology (1985) |
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| creator | Weston, Adele R Karamizrak, O Smith, A Noakes, T. D Myburgh, Kathryn H |
| description | 1 Medical Research
Council/University of Cape Town Bioenergetics of Exercise Research
Unit, Department of Physiology, and
2 Department of Anatomical
Pathology, University of Cape Town Medical School, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; and 3 School of
Exercise and Sport Science, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2141, Australia
Nine African and eight Caucasian 10-km
runners resident at sea level volunteered. Maximal
O 2 consumption and peak treadmill velocity (PTV) were measured by using a progressive test, and fatigue
resistance [time to fatigue (TTF)] was measured by using a
newly developed high-intensity running test: 5 min at 72, 80, and 88%
of individual PTV followed by 92% PTV to exhaustion. Skeletal muscle
enzyme activities were determined in 12 runners and 12 sedentary
control subjects. In a comparison of African and Caucasian runners,
mean 10-km race time, maximal O 2
consumption, and PTV were similar. In African runners, TTF was 21%
longer ( P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1152/jappl.1999.86.3.915 |
| format | Article |
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Council/University of Cape Town Bioenergetics of Exercise Research
Unit, Department of Physiology, and
2 Department of Anatomical
Pathology, University of Cape Town Medical School, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; and 3 School of
Exercise and Sport Science, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2141, Australia
Nine African and eight Caucasian 10-km
runners resident at sea level volunteered. Maximal
O 2 consumption and peak treadmill velocity (PTV) were measured by using a progressive test, and fatigue
resistance [time to fatigue (TTF)] was measured by using a
newly developed high-intensity running test: 5 min at 72, 80, and 88%
of individual PTV followed by 92% PTV to exhaustion. Skeletal muscle
enzyme activities were determined in 12 runners and 12 sedentary
control subjects. In a comparison of African and Caucasian runners,
mean 10-km race time, maximal O 2
consumption, and PTV were similar. In African runners, TTF was 21%
longer ( P < 0.01), plasma lactate
accumulation after 5 min at 88% PTV was 38% lower ( P < 0.05), and citrate synthase
activity was 50% higher (27.9 ± 7.5 vs. 18.6 ± 2.1 µmol · g wet
wt 1 · min 1 ,
P = 0.02). Africans accumulated
lactate at a slower rate with increasing exercise intensity
( P < 0.05). Among the
entire group of runners, a higher citrate synthase activity was
associated with a longer TTF ( r = 0.70, P < 0.05), a lower
plasma lactate accumulation ( r = 0.73, P = 0.01),
and a lower respiratory exchange ratio
( r = 0.63,
P < 0.05). We conclude that the
African and Caucasian runners in the present study differed with
respect to oxidative enzyme activity, rate of lactate accumulation, and
their ability to sustain high-intensity endurance exercise.
high-intensity running; skeletal muscle; submaximal exercise test; citrate synthase; lactate; endurance performance</description><identifier>ISSN: 8750-7587</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1522-1601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1999.86.3.915</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10066705</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAPHEV</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Bethesda, MD: Am Physiological Soc</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; African Continental Ancestry Group ; Anaerobic Threshold - physiology ; Anatomy & physiology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Black people ; Body Composition - physiology ; Body Height - physiology ; Body Weight - physiology ; Citrate (si)-Synthase - genetics ; Citrate (si)-Synthase - metabolism ; Enzymes ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Exercise ; Fatigue ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Lactic Acid - metabolism ; Male ; Muscle Fatigue - genetics ; Muscle Fatigue - physiology ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal - physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal - anatomy & histology ; Muscle, Skeletal - enzymology ; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism ; Muscular system ; Oxidation ; Oxygen Consumption - genetics ; Oxygen Consumption - physiology ; Running ; Running - physiology ; Vertebrates: body movement. Posture. Locomotion. Flight. Swimming. Physical exercise. Rest. Sports ; White people</subject><ispartof>Journal of applied physiology (1985), 1999-03, Vol.86 (3), p.915-923</ispartof><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Physiological Society Mar 1999</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-8d9658d20a5d8c3ca7b2060c3767902fdea3da98590bfd642dfa4fcc932edf7a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-8d9658d20a5d8c3ca7b2060c3767902fdea3da98590bfd642dfa4fcc932edf7a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3037,27923,27924</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1728021$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10066705$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Weston, Adele R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karamizrak, O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Noakes, T. D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Myburgh, Kathryn H</creatorcontrib><title>African runners exhibit greater fatigue resistance, lower lactate accumulation, and higher oxidative enzyme activity</title><title>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</title><addtitle>J Appl Physiol (1985)</addtitle><description>1 Medical Research
Council/University of Cape Town Bioenergetics of Exercise Research
Unit, Department of Physiology, and
2 Department of Anatomical
Pathology, University of Cape Town Medical School, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; and 3 School of
Exercise and Sport Science, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2141, Australia
Nine African and eight Caucasian 10-km
runners resident at sea level volunteered. Maximal
O 2 consumption and peak treadmill velocity (PTV) were measured by using a progressive test, and fatigue
resistance [time to fatigue (TTF)] was measured by using a
newly developed high-intensity running test: 5 min at 72, 80, and 88%
of individual PTV followed by 92% PTV to exhaustion. Skeletal muscle
enzyme activities were determined in 12 runners and 12 sedentary
control subjects. In a comparison of African and Caucasian runners,
mean 10-km race time, maximal O 2
consumption, and PTV were similar. In African runners, TTF was 21%
longer ( P < 0.01), plasma lactate
accumulation after 5 min at 88% PTV was 38% lower ( P < 0.05), and citrate synthase
activity was 50% higher (27.9 ± 7.5 vs. 18.6 ± 2.1 µmol · g wet
wt 1 · min 1 ,
P = 0.02). Africans accumulated
lactate at a slower rate with increasing exercise intensity
( P < 0.05). Among the
entire group of runners, a higher citrate synthase activity was
associated with a longer TTF ( r = 0.70, P < 0.05), a lower
plasma lactate accumulation ( r = 0.73, P = 0.01),
and a lower respiratory exchange ratio
( r = 0.63,
P < 0.05). We conclude that the
African and Caucasian runners in the present study differed with
respect to oxidative enzyme activity, rate of lactate accumulation, and
their ability to sustain high-intensity endurance exercise.
high-intensity running; skeletal muscle; submaximal exercise test; citrate synthase; lactate; endurance performance</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>African Continental Ancestry Group</subject><subject>Anaerobic Threshold - physiology</subject><subject>Anatomy & physiology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Black people</subject><subject>Body Composition - physiology</subject><subject>Body Height - physiology</subject><subject>Body Weight - physiology</subject><subject>Citrate (si)-Synthase - genetics</subject><subject>Citrate (si)-Synthase - metabolism</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>European Continental Ancestry Group</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Fatigue</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Kinetics</subject><subject>Lactic Acid - metabolism</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Muscle Fatigue - genetics</subject><subject>Muscle Fatigue - physiology</subject><subject>Muscle Fibers, Skeletal - physiology</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - enzymology</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism</subject><subject>Muscular system</subject><subject>Oxidation</subject><subject>Oxygen Consumption - genetics</subject><subject>Oxygen Consumption - physiology</subject><subject>Running</subject><subject>Running - physiology</subject><subject>Vertebrates: body movement. Posture. Locomotion. Flight. Swimming. Physical exercise. Rest. Sports</subject><subject>White people</subject><issn>8750-7587</issn><issn>1522-1601</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1999</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kV1rFDEUhoNY7Fr9BYIEEb3pjElmJplclmK1UPCmXodsPnazZD5MMu2Ov96Mu7KlYG5Ccp73nJfzAvAOoxLjhnzZyXH0Jeacly0tq5Lj5gVY5QopMEX4JVi1rEEFa1p2Dl7HuEMI13WDX4FzjBClDDUrkK5scEr2MEx9b0KEZr91a5fgJhiZTIBWJreZDAwmuphkr8wl9MNjrnipUkagVGrqJp-5ob-Estdw6zbbDAx7p_Pvg4Gm_z13C5lfLs1vwJmVPpq3x_sC_Lz5en_9vbj78e32-uquUDXnqWg1p02rCZKNblWlJFsTRJGqGGUcEauNrLTkbcPR2mpaE21lbZXiFTHaMlldgE-HvmMYfk0mJtG5qIz3sjfDFAXllJKaVBn88AzcDVPoszdB8sEsz8tQdYBUGGIMxooxuE6GWWAklkTE30TEkohoqahETiSr3h9bT-vO6CeaQwQZ-HgEZFTS25B37OKJY6RFBJ-mL8t9dMGIcTtHN_hhM4ubyft7s0-Lg3-TxahtVn3-vyrDJ59_AP9uuI8</recordid><startdate>19990301</startdate><enddate>19990301</enddate><creator>Weston, Adele R</creator><creator>Karamizrak, O</creator><creator>Smith, A</creator><creator>Noakes, T. D</creator><creator>Myburgh, Kathryn H</creator><general>Am Physiological Soc</general><general>American Physiological Society</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19990301</creationdate><title>African runners exhibit greater fatigue resistance, lower lactate accumulation, and higher oxidative enzyme activity</title><author>Weston, Adele R ; Karamizrak, O ; Smith, A ; Noakes, T. D ; Myburgh, Kathryn H</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-8d9658d20a5d8c3ca7b2060c3767902fdea3da98590bfd642dfa4fcc932edf7a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1999</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>African Continental Ancestry Group</topic><topic>Anaerobic Threshold - physiology</topic><topic>Anatomy & physiology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Black people</topic><topic>Body Composition - physiology</topic><topic>Body Height - physiology</topic><topic>Body Weight - physiology</topic><topic>Citrate (si)-Synthase - genetics</topic><topic>Citrate (si)-Synthase - metabolism</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>European Continental Ancestry Group</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Fatigue</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Kinetics</topic><topic>Lactic Acid - metabolism</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Muscle Fatigue - genetics</topic><topic>Muscle Fatigue - physiology</topic><topic>Muscle Fibers, Skeletal - physiology</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - enzymology</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism</topic><topic>Muscular system</topic><topic>Oxidation</topic><topic>Oxygen Consumption - genetics</topic><topic>Oxygen Consumption - physiology</topic><topic>Running</topic><topic>Running - physiology</topic><topic>Vertebrates: body movement. Posture. Locomotion. Flight. Swimming. Physical exercise. Rest. Sports</topic><topic>White people</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Weston, Adele R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karamizrak, O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Noakes, T. D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Myburgh, Kathryn H</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Weston, Adele R</au><au>Karamizrak, O</au><au>Smith, A</au><au>Noakes, T. D</au><au>Myburgh, Kathryn H</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>African runners exhibit greater fatigue resistance, lower lactate accumulation, and higher oxidative enzyme activity</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</jtitle><addtitle>J Appl Physiol (1985)</addtitle><date>1999-03-01</date><risdate>1999</risdate><volume>86</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>915</spage><epage>923</epage><pages>915-923</pages><issn>8750-7587</issn><eissn>1522-1601</eissn><coden>JAPHEV</coden><abstract>1 Medical Research
Council/University of Cape Town Bioenergetics of Exercise Research
Unit, Department of Physiology, and
2 Department of Anatomical
Pathology, University of Cape Town Medical School, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; and 3 School of
Exercise and Sport Science, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2141, Australia
Nine African and eight Caucasian 10-km
runners resident at sea level volunteered. Maximal
O 2 consumption and peak treadmill velocity (PTV) were measured by using a progressive test, and fatigue
resistance [time to fatigue (TTF)] was measured by using a
newly developed high-intensity running test: 5 min at 72, 80, and 88%
of individual PTV followed by 92% PTV to exhaustion. Skeletal muscle
enzyme activities were determined in 12 runners and 12 sedentary
control subjects. In a comparison of African and Caucasian runners,
mean 10-km race time, maximal O 2
consumption, and PTV were similar. In African runners, TTF was 21%
longer ( P < 0.01), plasma lactate
accumulation after 5 min at 88% PTV was 38% lower ( P < 0.05), and citrate synthase
activity was 50% higher (27.9 ± 7.5 vs. 18.6 ± 2.1 µmol · g wet
wt 1 · min 1 ,
P = 0.02). Africans accumulated
lactate at a slower rate with increasing exercise intensity
( P < 0.05). Among the
entire group of runners, a higher citrate synthase activity was
associated with a longer TTF ( r = 0.70, P < 0.05), a lower
plasma lactate accumulation ( r = 0.73, P = 0.01),
and a lower respiratory exchange ratio
( r = 0.63,
P < 0.05). We conclude that the
African and Caucasian runners in the present study differed with
respect to oxidative enzyme activity, rate of lactate accumulation, and
their ability to sustain high-intensity endurance exercise.
high-intensity running; skeletal muscle; submaximal exercise test; citrate synthase; lactate; endurance performance</abstract><cop>Bethesda, MD</cop><pub>Am Physiological Soc</pub><pmid>10066705</pmid><doi>10.1152/jappl.1999.86.3.915</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 8750-7587 |
| ispartof | Journal of applied physiology (1985), 1999-03, Vol.86 (3), p.915-923 |
| issn | 8750-7587 1522-1601 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pascalfrancis_primary_1728021 |
| source | MEDLINE; American Physiological Society; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult African Continental Ancestry Group Anaerobic Threshold - physiology Anatomy & physiology Biological and medical sciences Black people Body Composition - physiology Body Height - physiology Body Weight - physiology Citrate (si)-Synthase - genetics Citrate (si)-Synthase - metabolism Enzymes European Continental Ancestry Group Exercise Fatigue Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Kinetics Lactic Acid - metabolism Male Muscle Fatigue - genetics Muscle Fatigue - physiology Muscle Fibers, Skeletal - physiology Muscle, Skeletal - anatomy & histology Muscle, Skeletal - enzymology Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism Muscular system Oxidation Oxygen Consumption - genetics Oxygen Consumption - physiology Running Running - physiology Vertebrates: body movement. Posture. Locomotion. Flight. Swimming. Physical exercise. Rest. Sports White people |
| title | African runners exhibit greater fatigue resistance, lower lactate accumulation, and higher oxidative enzyme activity |
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