Return loss reduction of integrated grating-assisted optical add/drop multiplexer by control of the reflective spectrum
Return loss, a key characteristic of the optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM), has become an urgent and challenging problem in the development of the integrated grating-assisted OADM. In this paper, a novel design approach to achieve low-return-loss integrated grating-assisted OADMs is proposed. The...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of lightwave technology 2005-03, Vol.23 (3), p.1403-1409 |
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| creator | Ming Li, Ming Li Yaming Wu, Yaming Wu Jianyi Yang, Jianyi Yang Hongchang Qu, Hongchang Qu |
| description | Return loss, a key characteristic of the optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM), has become an urgent and challenging problem in the development of the integrated grating-assisted OADM. In this paper, a novel design approach to achieve low-return-loss integrated grating-assisted OADMs is proposed. The reflective spectrum is properly controlled to ensure the backreflection peaks can fall outside the wavelength channel, so that the return loss can be kept low. Meanwhile, it can also be found that the tolerance in fabrication process is enlarged. Simulation on the null-coupler OADM shows that, by employing the proposed method, the return loss at both input- and add-port can drop to lower than -53 dB from -38 and 0 dB, respectively, and be kept below -53 dB even with a tilt angle ranging from 3.2/spl deg/ to 3.5/spl deg/. The application of this method on the design of the symmetric-coupler OADM is also presented. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/JLT.2004.839991 |
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In this paper, a novel design approach to achieve low-return-loss integrated grating-assisted OADMs is proposed. The reflective spectrum is properly controlled to ensure the backreflection peaks can fall outside the wavelength channel, so that the return loss can be kept low. Meanwhile, it can also be found that the tolerance in fabrication process is enlarged. Simulation on the null-coupler OADM shows that, by employing the proposed method, the return loss at both input- and add-port can drop to lower than -53 dB from -38 and 0 dB, respectively, and be kept below -53 dB even with a tilt angle ranging from 3.2/spl deg/ to 3.5/spl deg/. The application of this method on the design of the symmetric-coupler OADM is also presented.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0733-8724</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1558-2213</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2004.839991</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JLTEDG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: IEEE</publisher><subject>Add-drop multiplexers ; Applied sciences ; Channels ; Circuit properties ; Electric, optical and optoelectronic circuits ; Electronics ; Exact sciences and technology ; Expansion ; Fabrication ; Gratings ; Information, signal and communications theory ; Integrated optics ; Integrated optics. Optical fibers and wave guides ; Mass production ; Multiplexing ; Noise levels ; Optical add-drop multiplexers ; optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM) ; Optical and optoelectronic circuits ; Optical control ; Optical fiber communications ; Optical interferometry ; Optical losses ; Optical telecommunications ; return loss ; Signal and communications theory ; Simulation ; Telecommunications ; Telecommunications and information theory ; Tilt ; Tolerances ; Wavelength division multiplexing ; wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) transmission ; Wavelengths</subject><ispartof>Journal of lightwave technology, 2005-03, Vol.23 (3), p.1403-1409</ispartof><rights>2005 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2005</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c368t-4275a39f5529d2265d169e05196d0fa79e005fd0974370813fcec03f2dc613cb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1417042$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,796,27924,27925,54758</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1417042$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=16649817$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ming Li, Ming Li</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yaming Wu, Yaming Wu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jianyi Yang, Jianyi Yang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hongchang Qu, Hongchang Qu</creatorcontrib><title>Return loss reduction of integrated grating-assisted optical add/drop multiplexer by control of the reflective spectrum</title><title>Journal of lightwave technology</title><addtitle>JLT</addtitle><description>Return loss, a key characteristic of the optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM), has become an urgent and challenging problem in the development of the integrated grating-assisted OADM. In this paper, a novel design approach to achieve low-return-loss integrated grating-assisted OADMs is proposed. The reflective spectrum is properly controlled to ensure the backreflection peaks can fall outside the wavelength channel, so that the return loss can be kept low. Meanwhile, it can also be found that the tolerance in fabrication process is enlarged. Simulation on the null-coupler OADM shows that, by employing the proposed method, the return loss at both input- and add-port can drop to lower than -53 dB from -38 and 0 dB, respectively, and be kept below -53 dB even with a tilt angle ranging from 3.2/spl deg/ to 3.5/spl deg/. The application of this method on the design of the symmetric-coupler OADM is also presented.</description><subject>Add-drop multiplexers</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Channels</subject><subject>Circuit properties</subject><subject>Electric, optical and optoelectronic circuits</subject><subject>Electronics</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Expansion</subject><subject>Fabrication</subject><subject>Gratings</subject><subject>Information, signal and communications theory</subject><subject>Integrated optics</subject><subject>Integrated optics. Optical fibers and wave guides</subject><subject>Mass production</subject><subject>Multiplexing</subject><subject>Noise levels</subject><subject>Optical add-drop multiplexers</subject><subject>optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM)</subject><subject>Optical and optoelectronic circuits</subject><subject>Optical control</subject><subject>Optical fiber communications</subject><subject>Optical interferometry</subject><subject>Optical losses</subject><subject>Optical telecommunications</subject><subject>return loss</subject><subject>Signal and communications theory</subject><subject>Simulation</subject><subject>Telecommunications</subject><subject>Telecommunications and information theory</subject><subject>Tilt</subject><subject>Tolerances</subject><subject>Wavelength division multiplexing</subject><subject>wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) transmission</subject><subject>Wavelengths</subject><issn>0733-8724</issn><issn>1558-2213</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUlrHDEQRkWIIRM75xxyEYEsl57RvhyNyWYGDME5N7IWR0bT6kjqJP73UTMGQw4-VSG9-oTqAfAaoy3GSO8u99dbghDbKqq1xs_ABnOuBkIwfQ42SFI6KEnYC_Cy1juEMGNKbsCf774tZYIp1wqLd4ttMU8wBxin5m-Lad7BtcTpdjC1xroe5LlFaxI0zu1cyTM8LKnFOfm_vsCbe2jz1EpOa0z76XtuSL4H__awzr0py-EMnASTqn_1UE_Bj8-fri--DvurL98uzveDpUK1gRHJDdWBc6IdIYI7LLRHHGvhUDCy94gHh7RkVCKFabDeIhqIswJTe0NPwYdj7lzyr8XXNh5itT4lM_m81FFpQQhVEnXy_ZMkUUhxylUHPz4JYkSIRpJg3dG3_6F3uW-7f3hUQmOsBCMd2h0hW7qEvqtxLvFgyn1PGle1Y1c7rmrHo9o-8e4h1tSuIRQz2Vgfx4RgWmHZuTdHLnrvH68Zlqi_-w-kFqy8</recordid><startdate>20050301</startdate><enddate>20050301</enddate><creator>Ming Li, Ming Li</creator><creator>Yaming Wu, Yaming Wu</creator><creator>Jianyi Yang, Jianyi Yang</creator><creator>Hongchang Qu, Hongchang Qu</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20050301</creationdate><title>Return loss reduction of integrated grating-assisted optical add/drop multiplexer by control of the reflective spectrum</title><author>Ming Li, Ming Li ; Yaming Wu, Yaming Wu ; Jianyi Yang, Jianyi Yang ; Hongchang Qu, Hongchang Qu</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c368t-4275a39f5529d2265d169e05196d0fa79e005fd0974370813fcec03f2dc613cb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>Add-drop multiplexers</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Channels</topic><topic>Circuit properties</topic><topic>Electric, optical and optoelectronic circuits</topic><topic>Electronics</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Expansion</topic><topic>Fabrication</topic><topic>Gratings</topic><topic>Information, signal and communications theory</topic><topic>Integrated optics</topic><topic>Integrated optics. Optical fibers and wave guides</topic><topic>Mass production</topic><topic>Multiplexing</topic><topic>Noise levels</topic><topic>Optical add-drop multiplexers</topic><topic>optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM)</topic><topic>Optical and optoelectronic circuits</topic><topic>Optical control</topic><topic>Optical fiber communications</topic><topic>Optical interferometry</topic><topic>Optical losses</topic><topic>Optical telecommunications</topic><topic>return loss</topic><topic>Signal and communications theory</topic><topic>Simulation</topic><topic>Telecommunications</topic><topic>Telecommunications and information theory</topic><topic>Tilt</topic><topic>Tolerances</topic><topic>Wavelength division multiplexing</topic><topic>wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) transmission</topic><topic>Wavelengths</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ming Li, Ming Li</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yaming Wu, Yaming Wu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jianyi Yang, Jianyi Yang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hongchang Qu, Hongchang Qu</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Journal of lightwave technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ming Li, Ming Li</au><au>Yaming Wu, Yaming Wu</au><au>Jianyi Yang, Jianyi Yang</au><au>Hongchang Qu, Hongchang Qu</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Return loss reduction of integrated grating-assisted optical add/drop multiplexer by control of the reflective spectrum</atitle><jtitle>Journal of lightwave technology</jtitle><stitle>JLT</stitle><date>2005-03-01</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>1403</spage><epage>1409</epage><pages>1403-1409</pages><issn>0733-8724</issn><eissn>1558-2213</eissn><coden>JLTEDG</coden><abstract>Return loss, a key characteristic of the optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM), has become an urgent and challenging problem in the development of the integrated grating-assisted OADM. In this paper, a novel design approach to achieve low-return-loss integrated grating-assisted OADMs is proposed. The reflective spectrum is properly controlled to ensure the backreflection peaks can fall outside the wavelength channel, so that the return loss can be kept low. Meanwhile, it can also be found that the tolerance in fabrication process is enlarged. Simulation on the null-coupler OADM shows that, by employing the proposed method, the return loss at both input- and add-port can drop to lower than -53 dB from -38 and 0 dB, respectively, and be kept below -53 dB even with a tilt angle ranging from 3.2/spl deg/ to 3.5/spl deg/. The application of this method on the design of the symmetric-coupler OADM is also presented.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/JLT.2004.839991</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Add-drop multiplexers Applied sciences Channels Circuit properties Electric, optical and optoelectronic circuits Electronics Exact sciences and technology Expansion Fabrication Gratings Information, signal and communications theory Integrated optics Integrated optics. Optical fibers and wave guides Mass production Multiplexing Noise levels Optical add-drop multiplexers optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM) Optical and optoelectronic circuits Optical control Optical fiber communications Optical interferometry Optical losses Optical telecommunications return loss Signal and communications theory Simulation Telecommunications Telecommunications and information theory Tilt Tolerances Wavelength division multiplexing wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) transmission Wavelengths |
| title | Return loss reduction of integrated grating-assisted optical add/drop multiplexer by control of the reflective spectrum |
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