The Toxic Intensity of Industrial Production: Global Patterns, Trends, and Trade Policy
A newly developed data set is exploited to investigate recent changes in the international distribution of industrial pollution. In particular, 3 issues are examined: 1. the relationship between the toxic intensity of industrial production and the level of economic development, 2. the impact of OECD...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American Economic Review; (United States) 1992-05, Vol.82 (2), p.478-481 |
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| creator | Hettige, Hemamala Robert E. B. Lucas Wheeler, David |
| description | A newly developed data set is exploited to investigate recent changes in the international distribution of industrial pollution. In particular, 3 issues are examined: 1. the relationship between the toxic intensity of industrial production and the level of economic development, 2. the impact of OECD environmental regulation on global changes in toxic intensity, and 3. the relationship between trade policy and the toxic intensity of industrial production in LDCs. Overall, the analysis indicates an upward long-term trend in industrial emissions, both relative to GDP and relative to manufacturing output, for the majority of countries. Moreover, these positive, long-term trends are clearly higher among the lower-income countries. The findings on trade policy and toxic intensity change suggest a revised view of the displacement phenomenon. Rapidly increasing toxic intensity does not seem to have characterized all LDC manufacturing in the wake of stricter OECD environmental regulation. Paradoxically, intensity has grown much more rapidly in economies that are relatively closed to international trade. |
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B. Lucas ; Wheeler, David</creator><creatorcontrib>Hettige, Hemamala ; Robert E. B. Lucas ; Wheeler, David</creatorcontrib><description>A newly developed data set is exploited to investigate recent changes in the international distribution of industrial pollution. In particular, 3 issues are examined: 1. the relationship between the toxic intensity of industrial production and the level of economic development, 2. the impact of OECD environmental regulation on global changes in toxic intensity, and 3. the relationship between trade policy and the toxic intensity of industrial production in LDCs. Overall, the analysis indicates an upward long-term trend in industrial emissions, both relative to GDP and relative to manufacturing output, for the majority of countries. Moreover, these positive, long-term trends are clearly higher among the lower-income countries. The findings on trade policy and toxic intensity change suggest a revised view of the displacement phenomenon. Rapidly increasing toxic intensity does not seem to have characterized all LDC manufacturing in the wake of stricter OECD environmental regulation. Paradoxically, intensity has grown much more rapidly in economies that are relatively closed to international trade.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-8282</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1944-7981</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AENRAA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Menasha, Wis: American Economic Association</publisher><subject>Air pollution ; Chemical hazards ; Developing countries ; Econometrics ; ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ; Economic indices ; Economics of the Environment ; ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY AND ECONOMY ; Environmental degradation ; Environmental economics ; ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ; Environmental regulation ; Environmental regulations ; GLOBAL ASPECTS ; GOVERNMENT POLICIES 290200 -- Energy Planning & Policy-- Economics & Sociology ; Impacts ; Industrial emissions ; Industrial pollution ; Industrial production ; International economics ; International trade ; MANUFACTURING ; Manycountries ; NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ; ORIGIN ; Pollution ; Pollution control ; POLLUTION SOURCES ; Regulation ; Studies ; Trade policy ; Trends ; World Bank</subject><ispartof>American Economic Review; (United States), 1992-05, Vol.82 (2), p.478-481</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1992 American Economic Association</rights><rights>Copyright American Economic Association May 1992</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/2117448$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/2117448$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,309,310,314,780,784,789,790,803,885,23921,23922,25131,27860,58008,58241</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/7170649$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hettige, Hemamala</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robert E. 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The findings on trade policy and toxic intensity change suggest a revised view of the displacement phenomenon. Rapidly increasing toxic intensity does not seem to have characterized all LDC manufacturing in the wake of stricter OECD environmental regulation. 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B. Lucas</au><au>Wheeler, David</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Toxic Intensity of Industrial Production: Global Patterns, Trends, and Trade Policy</atitle><jtitle>American Economic Review; (United States)</jtitle><date>1992-05-01</date><risdate>1992</risdate><volume>82</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>478</spage><epage>481</epage><pages>478-481</pages><issn>0002-8282</issn><eissn>1944-7981</eissn><coden>AENRAA</coden><abstract>A newly developed data set is exploited to investigate recent changes in the international distribution of industrial pollution. In particular, 3 issues are examined: 1. the relationship between the toxic intensity of industrial production and the level of economic development, 2. the impact of OECD environmental regulation on global changes in toxic intensity, and 3. the relationship between trade policy and the toxic intensity of industrial production in LDCs. Overall, the analysis indicates an upward long-term trend in industrial emissions, both relative to GDP and relative to manufacturing output, for the majority of countries. Moreover, these positive, long-term trends are clearly higher among the lower-income countries. The findings on trade policy and toxic intensity change suggest a revised view of the displacement phenomenon. Rapidly increasing toxic intensity does not seem to have characterized all LDC manufacturing in the wake of stricter OECD environmental regulation. Paradoxically, intensity has grown much more rapidly in economies that are relatively closed to international trade.</abstract><cop>Menasha, Wis</cop><pub>American Economic Association</pub><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0002-8282 |
| ispartof | American Economic Review; (United States), 1992-05, Vol.82 (2), p.478-481 |
| issn | 0002-8282 1944-7981 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_osti_scitechconnect_7170649 |
| source | Business Source Complete; Periodicals Index Online; Jstor Complete Legacy |
| subjects | Air pollution Chemical hazards Developing countries Econometrics ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Economic indices Economics of the Environment ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY AND ECONOMY Environmental degradation Environmental economics ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY Environmental regulation Environmental regulations GLOBAL ASPECTS GOVERNMENT POLICIES 290200 -- Energy Planning & Policy-- Economics & Sociology Impacts Industrial emissions Industrial pollution Industrial production International economics International trade MANUFACTURING Manycountries NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ORIGIN Pollution Pollution control POLLUTION SOURCES Regulation Studies Trade policy Trends World Bank |
| title | The Toxic Intensity of Industrial Production: Global Patterns, Trends, and Trade Policy |
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