Effect of free-radical release on diesel ignition delay under simulated cold-starting conditions
Peak compression temperatures typical of those achieved when cranking a cold diesel engine can be produced by running a gasoline engine of compression ratio 7.5, with a block temperature of 100°C. Under the chosen operating conditions, diesel fuel of cetane index 43 would ignite only very feebly, wi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Combustion and flame 1990-09, Vol.81 (3), p.242-250 |
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| creator | Clothier, P.Q.E. Moise, A. Pritchard, H.O. |
| description | Peak compression temperatures typical of those achieved when cranking a cold diesel engine can be produced by running a gasoline engine of compression ratio 7.5, with a block temperature of 100°C. Under the chosen operating conditions, diesel fuel of cetane index 43 would ignite only very feebly, with ignition delays in excess of about 9 ms, but in the presence of various additives, iso-octyl nitrate, di-tert-butyl peroxide, tert-butyl perbenzoate, 1,1-di-(tert-butylperoxy) cyclohexane, and 1,1-di-(tert-butylperoxy) 3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexane, ignition delays of between 3 and 7 ms were observed; although the thermal decomposition rates of these additives span approximately a factor of 60, the ignition delays do not correlate with these rates. Some measurements were made on the effect of diethyl ether, either blended with the fuel or bled into the air intake: its efficacy as a cold-starting aid stems from the fact that diethyl etherair mixtures ignite spontaneously during the compression stroke, thereby causing the fuel to ignite as well. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/0010-2180(90)90022-J |
| format | Article |
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Under the chosen operating conditions, diesel fuel of cetane index 43 would ignite only very feebly, with ignition delays in excess of about 9 ms, but in the presence of various additives, iso-octyl nitrate, di-tert-butyl peroxide, tert-butyl perbenzoate, 1,1-di-(tert-butylperoxy) cyclohexane, and 1,1-di-(tert-butylperoxy) 3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexane, ignition delays of between 3 and 7 ms were observed; although the thermal decomposition rates of these additives span approximately a factor of 60, the ignition delays do not correlate with these rates. Some measurements were made on the effect of diethyl ether, either blended with the fuel or bled into the air intake: its efficacy as a cold-starting aid stems from the fact that diethyl etherair mixtures ignite spontaneously during the compression stroke, thereby causing the fuel to ignite as well.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0010-2180</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1556-2921</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/0010-2180(90)90022-J</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CBFMAO</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>02 PETROLEUM ; 025000 -- Petroleum-- Combustion ; 330101 -- Internal Combustion Engines-- Spark-Ignition ; 400800 -- Combustion, Pyrolysis, & High-Temperature Chemistry ; ADDITIVES ; ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS ; ALKANES ; Applied sciences ; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION ; CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS ; COMBUSTION KINETICS ; CYCLOALKANES ; CYCLOHEXANE ; DIESEL ENGINES ; DIESEL FUELS ; Energy ; Energy. Thermal use of fuels ; ENGINES ; Engines and turbines ; Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc ; ETHERS ; ETHYL ETHER ; Exact sciences and technology ; FUELS ; GASOLINE ; HEAT ENGINES ; HYDROCARBONS ; INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY ; INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES ; KINETICS ; LIQUID FUELS ; NITRATES ; NITROGEN COMPOUNDS ; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ; ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS ; OXYGEN COMPOUNDS ; PETROLEUM PRODUCTS ; REACTION KINETICS 330102 -- Internal Combustion Engines-- Diesel ; SIMULATION ; SPARK IGNITION ENGINES ; TEMPERATURE EFFECTS</subject><ispartof>Combustion and flame, 1990-09, Vol.81 (3), p.242-250</ispartof><rights>1990</rights><rights>1991 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c361t-b65b80bac6982421ccba976bd84701c31bea2c922fbdcaed83629fd4cf2066213</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c361t-b65b80bac6982421ccba976bd84701c31bea2c922fbdcaed83629fd4cf2066213</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(90)90022-J$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=19268928$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/6796089$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Clothier, P.Q.E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moise, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pritchard, H.O.</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of free-radical release on diesel ignition delay under simulated cold-starting conditions</title><title>Combustion and flame</title><description>Peak compression temperatures typical of those achieved when cranking a cold diesel engine can be produced by running a gasoline engine of compression ratio 7.5, with a block temperature of 100°C. Under the chosen operating conditions, diesel fuel of cetane index 43 would ignite only very feebly, with ignition delays in excess of about 9 ms, but in the presence of various additives, iso-octyl nitrate, di-tert-butyl peroxide, tert-butyl perbenzoate, 1,1-di-(tert-butylperoxy) cyclohexane, and 1,1-di-(tert-butylperoxy) 3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexane, ignition delays of between 3 and 7 ms were observed; although the thermal decomposition rates of these additives span approximately a factor of 60, the ignition delays do not correlate with these rates. Some measurements were made on the effect of diethyl ether, either blended with the fuel or bled into the air intake: its efficacy as a cold-starting aid stems from the fact that diethyl etherair mixtures ignite spontaneously during the compression stroke, thereby causing the fuel to ignite as well.</description><subject>02 PETROLEUM</subject><subject>025000 -- Petroleum-- Combustion</subject><subject>330101 -- Internal Combustion Engines-- Spark-Ignition</subject><subject>400800 -- Combustion, Pyrolysis, & High-Temperature Chemistry</subject><subject>ADDITIVES</subject><subject>ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS</subject><subject>ALKANES</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>CHEMICAL COMPOSITION</subject><subject>CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS</subject><subject>COMBUSTION KINETICS</subject><subject>CYCLOALKANES</subject><subject>CYCLOHEXANE</subject><subject>DIESEL ENGINES</subject><subject>DIESEL FUELS</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>Energy. Thermal use of fuels</subject><subject>ENGINES</subject><subject>Engines and turbines</subject><subject>Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc</subject><subject>ETHERS</subject><subject>ETHYL ETHER</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>FUELS</subject><subject>GASOLINE</subject><subject>HEAT ENGINES</subject><subject>HYDROCARBONS</subject><subject>INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY</subject><subject>INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES</subject><subject>KINETICS</subject><subject>LIQUID FUELS</subject><subject>NITRATES</subject><subject>NITROGEN COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>ORGANIC COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>OXYGEN COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>PETROLEUM PRODUCTS</subject><subject>REACTION KINETICS 330102 -- Internal Combustion Engines-- Diesel</subject><subject>SIMULATION</subject><subject>SPARK IGNITION ENGINES</subject><subject>TEMPERATURE EFFECTS</subject><issn>0010-2180</issn><issn>1556-2921</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1990</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kF1LwzAUhoMoOKf_wIsgCHpRPUm7tLkRZMyPMfBGr2OanMxI146kCvv3plb0TgiEA8-bvOch5JTBFQMmrgEYZJxVcCHhUgJwni33yITNZiLjkrN9MvlFDslRjO8AUBZ5PiGvC-fQ9LRz1AXELGjrjW5owAZ1RNq11HqM2FC_bn3vhxkbvaMfrcVAo998NLpHS03X2Cz2OvS-Xaeptd90PCYHTjcRT37uKXm5WzzPH7LV0_3j_HaVmVywPqvFrK6g1kbIihecGVNrWYraVkUJzOSsRs2N5NzV1mi0VS64dLYwjoMQnOVTcja-28Xeq2h8j-Yt1WjTdkqUUkAlE1SMkAldjAGd2ga_0WGnGKhBpRo8qcGTksNJKtUyxc7H2FbHJMcF3Rof_7KSi0ryKnE3I4dp0U-PYeiBrUHrw1DDdv7_j74AvoqIsQ</recordid><startdate>19900901</startdate><enddate>19900901</enddate><creator>Clothier, P.Q.E.</creator><creator>Moise, A.</creator><creator>Pritchard, H.O.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19900901</creationdate><title>Effect of free-radical release on diesel ignition delay under simulated cold-starting conditions</title><author>Clothier, P.Q.E. ; Moise, A. ; Pritchard, H.O.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c361t-b65b80bac6982421ccba976bd84701c31bea2c922fbdcaed83629fd4cf2066213</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1990</creationdate><topic>02 PETROLEUM</topic><topic>025000 -- Petroleum-- Combustion</topic><topic>330101 -- Internal Combustion Engines-- Spark-Ignition</topic><topic>400800 -- Combustion, Pyrolysis, & High-Temperature Chemistry</topic><topic>ADDITIVES</topic><topic>ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS</topic><topic>ALKANES</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>CHEMICAL COMPOSITION</topic><topic>CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS</topic><topic>COMBUSTION KINETICS</topic><topic>CYCLOALKANES</topic><topic>CYCLOHEXANE</topic><topic>DIESEL ENGINES</topic><topic>DIESEL FUELS</topic><topic>Energy</topic><topic>Energy. Thermal use of fuels</topic><topic>ENGINES</topic><topic>Engines and turbines</topic><topic>Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc</topic><topic>ETHERS</topic><topic>ETHYL ETHER</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>FUELS</topic><topic>GASOLINE</topic><topic>HEAT ENGINES</topic><topic>HYDROCARBONS</topic><topic>INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY</topic><topic>INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES</topic><topic>KINETICS</topic><topic>LIQUID FUELS</topic><topic>NITRATES</topic><topic>NITROGEN COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>ORGANIC COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>OXYGEN COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>PETROLEUM PRODUCTS</topic><topic>REACTION KINETICS 330102 -- Internal Combustion Engines-- Diesel</topic><topic>SIMULATION</topic><topic>SPARK IGNITION ENGINES</topic><topic>TEMPERATURE EFFECTS</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Clothier, P.Q.E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moise, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pritchard, H.O.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Combustion and flame</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Clothier, P.Q.E.</au><au>Moise, A.</au><au>Pritchard, H.O.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of free-radical release on diesel ignition delay under simulated cold-starting conditions</atitle><jtitle>Combustion and flame</jtitle><date>1990-09-01</date><risdate>1990</risdate><volume>81</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>242</spage><epage>250</epage><pages>242-250</pages><issn>0010-2180</issn><eissn>1556-2921</eissn><coden>CBFMAO</coden><abstract>Peak compression temperatures typical of those achieved when cranking a cold diesel engine can be produced by running a gasoline engine of compression ratio 7.5, with a block temperature of 100°C. Under the chosen operating conditions, diesel fuel of cetane index 43 would ignite only very feebly, with ignition delays in excess of about 9 ms, but in the presence of various additives, iso-octyl nitrate, di-tert-butyl peroxide, tert-butyl perbenzoate, 1,1-di-(tert-butylperoxy) cyclohexane, and 1,1-di-(tert-butylperoxy) 3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexane, ignition delays of between 3 and 7 ms were observed; although the thermal decomposition rates of these additives span approximately a factor of 60, the ignition delays do not correlate with these rates. Some measurements were made on the effect of diethyl ether, either blended with the fuel or bled into the air intake: its efficacy as a cold-starting aid stems from the fact that diethyl etherair mixtures ignite spontaneously during the compression stroke, thereby causing the fuel to ignite as well.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><doi>10.1016/0010-2180(90)90022-J</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0010-2180 |
| ispartof | Combustion and flame, 1990-09, Vol.81 (3), p.242-250 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present) |
| subjects | 02 PETROLEUM 025000 -- Petroleum-- Combustion 330101 -- Internal Combustion Engines-- Spark-Ignition 400800 -- Combustion, Pyrolysis, & High-Temperature Chemistry ADDITIVES ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS ALKANES Applied sciences CHEMICAL COMPOSITION CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS COMBUSTION KINETICS CYCLOALKANES CYCLOHEXANE DIESEL ENGINES DIESEL FUELS Energy Energy. Thermal use of fuels ENGINES Engines and turbines Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc ETHERS ETHYL ETHER Exact sciences and technology FUELS GASOLINE HEAT ENGINES HYDROCARBONS INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES KINETICS LIQUID FUELS NITRATES NITROGEN COMPOUNDS ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS OXYGEN COMPOUNDS PETROLEUM PRODUCTS REACTION KINETICS 330102 -- Internal Combustion Engines-- Diesel SIMULATION SPARK IGNITION ENGINES TEMPERATURE EFFECTS |
| title | Effect of free-radical release on diesel ignition delay under simulated cold-starting conditions |
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