Ozone Inhalation Stimulates Expression of a Neutrophil Chemotactic Protein, Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 2

Short-term exposure of humans and animals to ozone results in increased lung neutrophils; however, the mechanisms underlying this response are not completely understood. We examined the potential involvement of the neutrophil chemotactic factor, macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2), in ozone-in...

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Veröffentlicht in:Toxicology and applied pharmacology 1993-04, Vol.119 (2), p.306-309
Hauptverfasser: Driscoll, K.E., Simpson, L., Carter, J., Hassenbein, D., Leikauf, G.D.
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container_start_page 306
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creator Driscoll, K.E.
Simpson, L.
Carter, J.
Hassenbein, D.
Leikauf, G.D.
description Short-term exposure of humans and animals to ozone results in increased lung neutrophils; however, the mechanisms underlying this response are not completely understood. We examined the potential involvement of the neutrophil chemotactic factor, macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2), in ozone-induced inflammation. Exposure-response relationships for ozone and MIP-2 expression were characterized by exposing C57B1/6 mice to 0.1-2 ppm ozone for 3 hr and determining lung levels of MIP-2 mRNA 6 hr after exposure. Temporal relationships between ozone and MIP-2 were determined by exposing mice (2 ppm ozone × 3 hr) and characterizing MIP-2 mRNA expression 0, 2, 6, and 24 hr after exposure. Neutrophils in lung lavage fluid were determined in both exposure-response and time course studies. Ozone concentrations ≥1.0 ppm increased MIP-2 mRNA and this increase corresponded with recruitment of neutrophils. MIP-2 mRNA was increased immediately after ozone exposure and decreased to control levels by 24 hr. To examine the role of direct oxidant effects in ozone-induced MIP-2 expression, alveolar macrophages were exposed in vitro for 4 hr to 10 −10-10 −5 M hydrogen peroxide and MIP-2 expression was characterized. MIP-2 mRNA levels in lung macrophages were increased by ≥10 −9 M hydrogen peroxide. In summary, our findings suggest the chemotactic protein MIP-2 may be responsible, at least in part, for ozone-induced increases in lung neutrophils and indicate that direct exposure of alveolar macrophages to an oxidant is sufficient to induce MIP-2 expression.
doi_str_mv 10.1006/taap.1993.1074
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We examined the potential involvement of the neutrophil chemotactic factor, macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2), in ozone-induced inflammation. Exposure-response relationships for ozone and MIP-2 expression were characterized by exposing C57B1/6 mice to 0.1-2 ppm ozone for 3 hr and determining lung levels of MIP-2 mRNA 6 hr after exposure. Temporal relationships between ozone and MIP-2 were determined by exposing mice (2 ppm ozone × 3 hr) and characterizing MIP-2 mRNA expression 0, 2, 6, and 24 hr after exposure. Neutrophils in lung lavage fluid were determined in both exposure-response and time course studies. Ozone concentrations ≥1.0 ppm increased MIP-2 mRNA and this increase corresponded with recruitment of neutrophils. MIP-2 mRNA was increased immediately after ozone exposure and decreased to control levels by 24 hr. To examine the role of direct oxidant effects in ozone-induced MIP-2 expression, alveolar macrophages were exposed in vitro for 4 hr to 10 −10-10 −5 M hydrogen peroxide and MIP-2 expression was characterized. MIP-2 mRNA levels in lung macrophages were increased by ≥10 −9 M hydrogen peroxide. 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To examine the role of direct oxidant effects in ozone-induced MIP-2 expression, alveolar macrophages were exposed in vitro for 4 hr to 10 −10-10 −5 M hydrogen peroxide and MIP-2 expression was characterized. MIP-2 mRNA levels in lung macrophages were increased by ≥10 −9 M hydrogen peroxide. In summary, our findings suggest the chemotactic protein MIP-2 may be responsible, at least in part, for ozone-induced increases in lung neutrophils and indicate that direct exposure of alveolar macrophages to an oxidant is sufficient to induce MIP-2 expression.</abstract><cop>San Diego, CA</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>8480341</pmid><doi>10.1006/taap.1993.1074</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects 550200 -- Biochemistry
550300 -- Cytology
Administration, Inhalation
Air
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
Base Sequence
BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
BIOCHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
BIOCHEMISTRY
Biological and medical sciences
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY
BODY FLUIDS
CHEMISTRY
Chemokine CXCL2
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
CYTOCHEMISTRY
Cytokines - drug effects
Cytokines - genetics
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
Environmental pollutants toxicology
Gene Expression - drug effects
Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases - drug effects
Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases - genetics
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
Hydrogen Peroxide - pharmacology
IN VITRO
In Vitro Techniques
INFLAMMATION
KINETICS
LAVAGE
LEUKOCYTES
LUNGS
MACROPHAGES
Macrophages, Alveolar - drug effects
MAMMALS
MATERIALS
Medical sciences
MICE
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Molecular Sequence Data
Monokines - drug effects
Monokines - genetics
NEUTROPHILS
ORGANS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OZONE
Ozone - administration & dosage
Ozone - pharmacology
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
Peptide Fragments - drug effects
Peptide Fragments - genetics
PEROXIDES
PHAGOCYTES
Polymerase Chain Reaction
RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT
RATS
Rats, Inbred F344
REACTION KINETICS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RNA, Messenger - analysis
RODENTS
SOMATIC CELLS
SYMPTOMS
Toxicology
VERTEBRATES 560300 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
title Ozone Inhalation Stimulates Expression of a Neutrophil Chemotactic Protein, Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 2
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