Surface roughness effects on cylindrical grazing incidence x-ray optics for transition radiation
Quartz and nickel cylinders were used as grazing incidence x-ray optics for transition radiation (TR) from Al, Ti, and Cu foil stacks. The cylinders were used to direct the otherwise diverging TR to a small spot (1 mm diameter), with measured fluxes of up to 330 W/A cm2 averaged over the spot area....
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of applied physics 1993-11, Vol.74 (9), p.5320-5326 |
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creator | HO, A. H PIESTRUP, M. A SILZER, R. M SKOPIK, D. M |
description | Quartz and nickel cylinders were used as grazing incidence x-ray optics for transition radiation (TR) from Al, Ti, and Cu foil stacks. The cylinders were used to direct the otherwise diverging TR to a small spot (1 mm diameter), with measured fluxes of up to 330 W/A cm2 averaged over the spot area. Computer simulations were performed and compared to the measured results. It was found that including surface roughness effects in the form of a Debye–Waller reduction factor on the reflectivity was necessary to get good agreement between the simulations and experimental results in certain cases, but not in others. A simple heuristic model which can be used to determine when roughness effects are important is presented. Use of this model in conjunction with the computer simulations accurately predicts the measured results, and further suggests the use of different optic materials at different x-ray wavelengths. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1063/1.354233 |
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H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PIESTRUP, M. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SILZER, R. M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SKOPIK, D. M</creatorcontrib><title>Surface roughness effects on cylindrical grazing incidence x-ray optics for transition radiation</title><title>Journal of applied physics</title><description>Quartz and nickel cylinders were used as grazing incidence x-ray optics for transition radiation (TR) from Al, Ti, and Cu foil stacks. The cylinders were used to direct the otherwise diverging TR to a small spot (1 mm diameter), with measured fluxes of up to 330 W/A cm2 averaged over the spot area. Computer simulations were performed and compared to the measured results. It was found that including surface roughness effects in the form of a Debye–Waller reduction factor on the reflectivity was necessary to get good agreement between the simulations and experimental results in certain cases, but not in others. A simple heuristic model which can be used to determine when roughness effects are important is presented. Use of this model in conjunction with the computer simulations accurately predicts the measured results, and further suggests the use of different optic materials at different x-ray wavelengths.</description><subject>440600 - Optical Instrumentation- (1990-)</subject><subject>ALUMINIUM</subject><subject>COPPER</subject><subject>ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION</subject><subject>ELEMENTS</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>FEEDING</subject><subject>FOCUSING</subject><subject>FOILS</subject><subject>GRAZING</subject><subject>INCIDENCE ANGLE</subject><subject>Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy</subject><subject>IONIZING RADIATIONS</subject><subject>METALS</subject><subject>OPTICAL REFLECTION</subject><subject>OTHER INSTRUMENTATION</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>RADIATIONS</subject><subject>REFLECTION</subject><subject>ROUGHNESS</subject><subject>SURFACE PROPERTIES</subject><subject>SURFACES</subject><subject>TITANIUM</subject><subject>TRANSITION ELEMENTS</subject><subject>X RADIATION</subject><subject>X- and γ-ray instruments and techniques</subject><issn>0021-8979</issn><issn>1089-7550</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1993</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNo9kEtLAzEUhYMoWKvgTwjiws3Um-ckSym-oOBCXY_pnaSN1ExJpmD99U4ZcXXv4jsHvkPIJYMZAy1u2UwoyYU4IhMGxla1UnBMJgCcVcbW9pSclfIJwJgRdkI-Xnc5OPQ0d7vVOvlSqA_BY19olyjuNzG1OaLb0FV2PzGtaEwYW5-GyHeV3Z522z5ioaHLtM8uldjHIZldG93hOycnwW2Kv_i7U_L-cP82f6oWL4_P87tFhdyIvmqRKfBOKitruay1MA55WFoNWmsmHNpguJRaWeF5C8tWWJBctQadF7XyYkquxt6u9LEpGHuPa-xSGlwaDRYUlwN0M0KYu1KyD802xy-X9w2D5jBfw5pxvgG9HtGtK4N-GNQwln9eWKmtMeIXWc9vCA</recordid><startdate>19931101</startdate><enddate>19931101</enddate><creator>HO, A. H</creator><creator>PIESTRUP, M. A</creator><creator>SILZER, R. M</creator><creator>SKOPIK, D. M</creator><general>American Institute of Physics</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19931101</creationdate><title>Surface roughness effects on cylindrical grazing incidence x-ray optics for transition radiation</title><author>HO, A. H ; PIESTRUP, M. A ; SILZER, R. M ; SKOPIK, D. M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c283t-dc150ea459474b7638ac2fb96066613ac9f82446593e2d0bd390425d8cae375e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1993</creationdate><topic>440600 - Optical Instrumentation- (1990-)</topic><topic>ALUMINIUM</topic><topic>COPPER</topic><topic>ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION</topic><topic>ELEMENTS</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>FEEDING</topic><topic>FOCUSING</topic><topic>FOILS</topic><topic>GRAZING</topic><topic>INCIDENCE ANGLE</topic><topic>Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy</topic><topic>IONIZING RADIATIONS</topic><topic>METALS</topic><topic>OPTICAL REFLECTION</topic><topic>OTHER INSTRUMENTATION</topic><topic>Physics</topic><topic>RADIATIONS</topic><topic>REFLECTION</topic><topic>ROUGHNESS</topic><topic>SURFACE PROPERTIES</topic><topic>SURFACES</topic><topic>TITANIUM</topic><topic>TRANSITION ELEMENTS</topic><topic>X RADIATION</topic><topic>X- and γ-ray instruments and techniques</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>HO, A. H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PIESTRUP, M. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SILZER, R. M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SKOPIK, D. M</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Journal of applied physics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>HO, A. H</au><au>PIESTRUP, M. A</au><au>SILZER, R. M</au><au>SKOPIK, D. M</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Surface roughness effects on cylindrical grazing incidence x-ray optics for transition radiation</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied physics</jtitle><date>1993-11-01</date><risdate>1993</risdate><volume>74</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>5320</spage><epage>5326</epage><pages>5320-5326</pages><issn>0021-8979</issn><eissn>1089-7550</eissn><coden>JAPIAU</coden><abstract>Quartz and nickel cylinders were used as grazing incidence x-ray optics for transition radiation (TR) from Al, Ti, and Cu foil stacks. The cylinders were used to direct the otherwise diverging TR to a small spot (1 mm diameter), with measured fluxes of up to 330 W/A cm2 averaged over the spot area. Computer simulations were performed and compared to the measured results. It was found that including surface roughness effects in the form of a Debye–Waller reduction factor on the reflectivity was necessary to get good agreement between the simulations and experimental results in certain cases, but not in others. A simple heuristic model which can be used to determine when roughness effects are important is presented. Use of this model in conjunction with the computer simulations accurately predicts the measured results, and further suggests the use of different optic materials at different x-ray wavelengths.</abstract><cop>Woodbury, NY</cop><pub>American Institute of Physics</pub><doi>10.1063/1.354233</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | 440600 - Optical Instrumentation- (1990-) ALUMINIUM COPPER ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION ELEMENTS Exact sciences and technology FEEDING FOCUSING FOILS GRAZING INCIDENCE ANGLE Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy IONIZING RADIATIONS METALS OPTICAL REFLECTION OTHER INSTRUMENTATION Physics RADIATIONS REFLECTION ROUGHNESS SURFACE PROPERTIES SURFACES TITANIUM TRANSITION ELEMENTS X RADIATION X- and γ-ray instruments and techniques |
title | Surface roughness effects on cylindrical grazing incidence x-ray optics for transition radiation |
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