Surface-state hydrogen maser

We describe a hydrogen maser operating at very low temperatures in which most of the hydrogen atoms are condensed on a superfluid helium surface in long-lived states. This proposed maser can be used to obtain information on the properties of the hydrogen--liquid-helium-surface system. In addition, i...

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Veröffentlicht in:Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics Atomic, molecular, and optical physics, 1993-11, Vol.48 (5A), p.3921-3929
Hauptverfasser: MAAN, A. C, VERHAAR, B. J, STOOF, H. T. C, SILVERA, I. F
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container_end_page 3929
container_issue 5A
container_start_page 3921
container_title Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
container_volume 48
creator MAAN, A. C
VERHAAR, B. J
STOOF, H. T. C
SILVERA, I. F
description We describe a hydrogen maser operating at very low temperatures in which most of the hydrogen atoms are condensed on a superfluid helium surface in long-lived states. This proposed maser can be used to obtain information on the properties of the hydrogen--liquid-helium-surface system. In addition, it promises to be an interesting system from the point of view of nonlinear dynamics. It is found that the surface recombination to molecular hydrogen, which might be considered as undesirable, is actually necessary to achieve the masing conditions. We develop the maser equations and consider a number of realistic conditions for operation.
doi_str_mv 10.1103/PhysRevA.48.3921
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A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics</jtitle><addtitle>Phys Rev A</addtitle><date>1993-11-01</date><risdate>1993</risdate><volume>48</volume><issue>5A</issue><spage>3921</spage><epage>3929</epage><pages>3921-3929</pages><issn>1050-2947</issn><eissn>1094-1622</eissn><coden>PLRAAN</coden><abstract>We describe a hydrogen maser operating at very low temperatures in which most of the hydrogen atoms are condensed on a superfluid helium surface in long-lived states. This proposed maser can be used to obtain information on the properties of the hydrogen--liquid-helium-surface system. In addition, it promises to be an interesting system from the point of view of nonlinear dynamics. It is found that the surface recombination to molecular hydrogen, which might be considered as undesirable, is actually necessary to achieve the masing conditions. 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ispartof Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics, 1993-11, Vol.48 (5A), p.3921-3929
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1094-1622
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source American Physical Society Journals
subjects 426002 - Engineering- Lasers & Masers- (1990-)
AMPLIFIERS
Applied sciences
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties
CRYOGENICS
ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
Electronic tubes, masers
Electronics
ELEMENTS
ENERGY LEVELS
ENGINEERING
EQUATIONS
Exact sciences and technology
FEASIBILITY STUDIES
FLUIDS
GASES
HELIUM
HYDROGEN
INTERFACES
MASERS
MICROWAVE AMPLIFIERS
MICROWAVE EQUIPMENT
NONLINEAR PROBLEMS
NONMETALS
OPERATION
Physics
Quantum fluids and solids
liquid and solid helium
RARE GASES
RECOMBINATION
Spin-polarized hydrogen and helium
SUPERFLUIDITY
TEMPERATURE RANGE
VAPOR CONDENSATION
title Surface-state hydrogen maser
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