Electron heat flux and propagating fronts in plasma thermal quench via ambipolar transport
The thermal collapse of a nearly collisionless plasma interacting with a cooling spot, in which the electron parallel heat flux plays an essential role, is both theoretically and numerically investigated. We show that such thermal collapse, which is known as thermal quench in tokamaks, comes about i...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Physics of plasmas 2023-09, Vol.30 (9) |
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description | The thermal collapse of a nearly collisionless plasma interacting with a cooling spot, in which the electron parallel heat flux plays an essential role, is both theoretically and numerically investigated. We show that such thermal collapse, which is known as thermal quench in tokamaks, comes about in the form of propagating fronts, originating from the cooling spot, along magnetic field lines. The slow fronts, propagating with local ion sound speed, limit the aggressive cooling of plasma, which is accompanied by a plasma cooling flow toward the cooling spot. The extraordinary physics underlying such a cooling flow is that the fundamental constraint of ambipolar transport along the field line limits the spatial gradient of electron thermal conduction flux to the much weaker convective scaling, as opposed to the free-streaming scaling, so that a large electron temperature and, hence, pressure gradient can be sustained. The last ion front for a radiative cooling spot is a shock front where cold but flowing ions meet hot ions. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1063/5.0163411 |
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We show that such thermal collapse, which is known as thermal quench in tokamaks, comes about in the form of propagating fronts, originating from the cooling spot, along magnetic field lines. The slow fronts, propagating with local ion sound speed, limit the aggressive cooling of plasma, which is accompanied by a plasma cooling flow toward the cooling spot. The extraordinary physics underlying such a cooling flow is that the fundamental constraint of ambipolar transport along the field line limits the spatial gradient of electron thermal conduction flux to the much weaker convective scaling, as opposed to the free-streaming scaling, so that a large electron temperature and, hence, pressure gradient can be sustained. 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The last ion front for a radiative cooling spot is a shock front where cold but flowing ions meet hot ions.</description><subject>70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY</subject><subject>Cold flow</subject><subject>Collisionless plasmas</subject><subject>Cooling</subject><subject>Cooling flows (astrophysics)</subject><subject>Electron energy</subject><subject>Heat flux</subject><subject>Heat transfer</subject><subject>Magnetic Fusion Energy</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Plasma cooling</subject><subject>Plasma interactions</subject><subject>Plasma physics</subject><subject>Sound propagation</subject><subject>Tokamak devices</subject><issn>1070-664X</issn><issn>1089-7674</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kEtLxDAUhYsoOI4u_AdBVwrVpHm0XcowPmDAjYK4CbdpMu3QSWqSEf33ZuisXd0L9-Pcc06WXRJ8R7Cg9_wOE0EZIUfZjOCqzktRsuP9XuJcCPZxmp2FsMEYM8GrWfa5HLSK3lnUaYjIDLsfBLZFo3cjrCH2do1MOseAeovGAcIWUOy038KAvnbaqg5994Bg2_SjG8Cj6MGG0fl4np0YGIK-OMx59v64fFs856vXp5fFwypXlNQxp3VFq0YXnLWMF6YiojGlMC0hlSGGV6QFTdqCMtMAZaA51lCztmkJa5hqBJ1nV5OuC7GXQfVRq045a1MwWTBaM0ETdD1BKViyHaLcuJ23yZcsKl6XRVGyOlE3E6W8C8FrI0ffb8H_SoLlvl_J5aHfxN5O7P5jKsrZf-A_hb16sA</recordid><startdate>202309</startdate><enddate>202309</enddate><creator>Zhang, Yanzeng</creator><creator>Li, Jun</creator><creator>Tang, Xian-Zhu</creator><general>American Institute of Physics</general><general>American Institute of Physics (AIP)</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>OIOZB</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1856-2701</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9247-0760</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4036-6643</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000192470760</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000218562701</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000240366643</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202309</creationdate><title>Electron heat flux and propagating fronts in plasma thermal quench via ambipolar transport</title><author>Zhang, Yanzeng ; Li, Jun ; Tang, Xian-Zhu</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-39838be254d452f816bf76fd118f1f581dae1d234fba34ae50ea94dbd14b4cb63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY</topic><topic>Cold flow</topic><topic>Collisionless plasmas</topic><topic>Cooling</topic><topic>Cooling flows (astrophysics)</topic><topic>Electron energy</topic><topic>Heat flux</topic><topic>Heat transfer</topic><topic>Magnetic Fusion Energy</topic><topic>Plasma</topic><topic>Plasma cooling</topic><topic>Plasma interactions</topic><topic>Plasma physics</topic><topic>Sound propagation</topic><topic>Tokamak devices</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yanzeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tang, Xian-Zhu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV - Hybrid</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Physics of plasmas</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhang, Yanzeng</au><au>Li, Jun</au><au>Tang, Xian-Zhu</au><aucorp>Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Electron heat flux and propagating fronts in plasma thermal quench via ambipolar transport</atitle><jtitle>Physics of plasmas</jtitle><date>2023-09</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>30</volume><issue>9</issue><issn>1070-664X</issn><eissn>1089-7674</eissn><coden>PHPAEN</coden><abstract>The thermal collapse of a nearly collisionless plasma interacting with a cooling spot, in which the electron parallel heat flux plays an essential role, is both theoretically and numerically investigated. We show that such thermal collapse, which is known as thermal quench in tokamaks, comes about in the form of propagating fronts, originating from the cooling spot, along magnetic field lines. The slow fronts, propagating with local ion sound speed, limit the aggressive cooling of plasma, which is accompanied by a plasma cooling flow toward the cooling spot. The extraordinary physics underlying such a cooling flow is that the fundamental constraint of ambipolar transport along the field line limits the spatial gradient of electron thermal conduction flux to the much weaker convective scaling, as opposed to the free-streaming scaling, so that a large electron temperature and, hence, pressure gradient can be sustained. 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subjects | 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY Cold flow Collisionless plasmas Cooling Cooling flows (astrophysics) Electron energy Heat flux Heat transfer Magnetic Fusion Energy Plasma Plasma cooling Plasma interactions Plasma physics Sound propagation Tokamak devices |
title | Electron heat flux and propagating fronts in plasma thermal quench via ambipolar transport |
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