The Nature of LoBAL QSOs. II. HST/WFC3 Observations Reveal Host Galaxies Dominated by Mergers
Low-ionization broad absorption line QSOs (LoBALs) are suspected to be merging systems in which extreme, active galactic nucleus-driven outflows have been triggered. Whether or not LoBALs are uniquely associated with mergers, however, has yet to be established. To characterize the morphologies of Lo...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Astrophysical journal 2023-06, Vol.949 (2), p.69 |
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| creator | Lazarova, Mariana S. Canalizo, Gabriela Lacy, Mark Behn, Wyatt Raub, Kaitlyn Bennert, Vardha N. Farrah, Duncan |
| description | Low-ionization broad absorption line QSOs (LoBALs) are suspected to be merging systems in which extreme, active galactic nucleus-driven outflows have been triggered. Whether or not LoBALs are uniquely associated with mergers, however, has yet to be established. To characterize the morphologies of LoBALs, we present the first high-resolution morphological analysis of a volume-limited sample of 22 Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)-selected LoBALs at 0.5 <
z
< 0.6 from Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 observations. Host galaxies are resolved in 86% of the systems in F125W, which is sensitive to old stellar populations, while only 18% are detected in F475W, which traces young, unobscured stellar populations. Signs of recent or ongoing tidal interaction are present in 45%–64% of the hosts, including double nuclei, tidal tails, bridges, plumes, shells, and extended debris. Ongoing interaction with a companion is apparent in 27%−41% of the LoBALs, with as much as 1/3 of the sample representing late-stage mergers at projected nuclear separations |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3847/1538-4357/acc6d0 |
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z
< 0.6 from Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 observations. Host galaxies are resolved in 86% of the systems in F125W, which is sensitive to old stellar populations, while only 18% are detected in F475W, which traces young, unobscured stellar populations. Signs of recent or ongoing tidal interaction are present in 45%–64% of the hosts, including double nuclei, tidal tails, bridges, plumes, shells, and extended debris. Ongoing interaction with a companion is apparent in 27%−41% of the LoBALs, with as much as 1/3 of the sample representing late-stage mergers at projected nuclear separations <10 kpc. Detailed surface brightness modeling indicates that 41% of the hosts are bulge dominated while only 18% are disks. We discuss trends in various properties as a function of merger stage and parametric morphology. Notably, mergers are associated with slower, dustier winds than those seen in undisturbed/unresolved hosts. Our results favor an evolutionary scenario in which quasar-level accretion during various merger stages is associated with the observed outflows in low-
z
LoBALs. We discuss differences between LoBALs and FeLoBALs and show that selection via the traditional balnicity index would have excluded all but one of the mergers.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0004-637X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1538-4357</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acc6d0</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Philadelphia: The American Astronomical Society</publisher><subject>Accretion disks ; Acquisitions & mergers ; Active galactic nuclei ; Active galaxies ; Astronomy & Astrophysics ; Astrophysics ; Broad-absorption line quasar ; Deposition ; Field cameras ; Galaxies ; Galaxy evolution ; Hubble Space Telescope ; Interacting galaxies ; Ionization ; Morphology ; Outflow ; Quasars ; Sky surveys (astronomy) ; Space telescopes ; Stars & galaxies ; Stellar populations ; Surface brightness ; Tidal interaction</subject><ispartof>The Astrophysical journal, 2023-06, Vol.949 (2), p.69</ispartof><rights>2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.</rights><rights>2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-a310c380bd97a959c38c82814247b7f62549df139e401994d97773a0e86a731b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-a310c380bd97a959c38c82814247b7f62549df139e401994d97773a0e86a731b3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4693-6157 ; 0000-0003-1748-2010 ; 0000-0003-3818-6691 ; 0000-0002-3032-1783 ; 0000-0003-2064-0518 ; 0000000346936157 ; 0000000338186691 ; 0000000230321783 ; 0000000317482010 ; 0000000320640518</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/acc6d0/pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Giop$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,860,881,2096,27901,27902,38867,53842</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/2425353$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lazarova, Mariana S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Canalizo, Gabriela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lacy, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Behn, Wyatt</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raub, Kaitlyn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bennert, Vardha N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Farrah, Duncan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>US Department of Energy (USDOE), Washington, DC (United States). Office of Science, Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)</creatorcontrib><title>The Nature of LoBAL QSOs. II. HST/WFC3 Observations Reveal Host Galaxies Dominated by Mergers</title><title>The Astrophysical journal</title><addtitle>APJ</addtitle><addtitle>Astrophys. J</addtitle><description>Low-ionization broad absorption line QSOs (LoBALs) are suspected to be merging systems in which extreme, active galactic nucleus-driven outflows have been triggered. Whether or not LoBALs are uniquely associated with mergers, however, has yet to be established. To characterize the morphologies of LoBALs, we present the first high-resolution morphological analysis of a volume-limited sample of 22 Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)-selected LoBALs at 0.5 <
z
< 0.6 from Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 observations. Host galaxies are resolved in 86% of the systems in F125W, which is sensitive to old stellar populations, while only 18% are detected in F475W, which traces young, unobscured stellar populations. Signs of recent or ongoing tidal interaction are present in 45%–64% of the hosts, including double nuclei, tidal tails, bridges, plumes, shells, and extended debris. Ongoing interaction with a companion is apparent in 27%−41% of the LoBALs, with as much as 1/3 of the sample representing late-stage mergers at projected nuclear separations <10 kpc. Detailed surface brightness modeling indicates that 41% of the hosts are bulge dominated while only 18% are disks. We discuss trends in various properties as a function of merger stage and parametric morphology. Notably, mergers are associated with slower, dustier winds than those seen in undisturbed/unresolved hosts. Our results favor an evolutionary scenario in which quasar-level accretion during various merger stages is associated with the observed outflows in low-
z
LoBALs. 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HST/WFC3 Observations Reveal Host Galaxies Dominated by Mergers</title><author>Lazarova, Mariana S. ; Canalizo, Gabriela ; Lacy, Mark ; Behn, Wyatt ; Raub, Kaitlyn ; Bennert, Vardha N. ; Farrah, Duncan</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-a310c380bd97a959c38c82814247b7f62549df139e401994d97773a0e86a731b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Accretion disks</topic><topic>Acquisitions & mergers</topic><topic>Active galactic nuclei</topic><topic>Active galaxies</topic><topic>Astronomy & Astrophysics</topic><topic>Astrophysics</topic><topic>Broad-absorption line quasar</topic><topic>Deposition</topic><topic>Field cameras</topic><topic>Galaxies</topic><topic>Galaxy evolution</topic><topic>Hubble Space Telescope</topic><topic>Interacting galaxies</topic><topic>Ionization</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>Outflow</topic><topic>Quasars</topic><topic>Sky surveys (astronomy)</topic><topic>Space telescopes</topic><topic>Stars & galaxies</topic><topic>Stellar populations</topic><topic>Surface brightness</topic><topic>Tidal interaction</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lazarova, Mariana S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Canalizo, Gabriela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lacy, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Behn, Wyatt</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raub, Kaitlyn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bennert, Vardha N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Farrah, Duncan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>US Department of Energy (USDOE), Washington, DC (United States). 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Office of Science, Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Nature of LoBAL QSOs. II. HST/WFC3 Observations Reveal Host Galaxies Dominated by Mergers</atitle><jtitle>The Astrophysical journal</jtitle><stitle>APJ</stitle><addtitle>Astrophys. J</addtitle><date>2023-06-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>949</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>69</spage><pages>69-</pages><issn>0004-637X</issn><eissn>1538-4357</eissn><abstract>Low-ionization broad absorption line QSOs (LoBALs) are suspected to be merging systems in which extreme, active galactic nucleus-driven outflows have been triggered. Whether or not LoBALs are uniquely associated with mergers, however, has yet to be established. To characterize the morphologies of LoBALs, we present the first high-resolution morphological analysis of a volume-limited sample of 22 Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)-selected LoBALs at 0.5 <
z
< 0.6 from Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 observations. Host galaxies are resolved in 86% of the systems in F125W, which is sensitive to old stellar populations, while only 18% are detected in F475W, which traces young, unobscured stellar populations. Signs of recent or ongoing tidal interaction are present in 45%–64% of the hosts, including double nuclei, tidal tails, bridges, plumes, shells, and extended debris. Ongoing interaction with a companion is apparent in 27%−41% of the LoBALs, with as much as 1/3 of the sample representing late-stage mergers at projected nuclear separations <10 kpc. Detailed surface brightness modeling indicates that 41% of the hosts are bulge dominated while only 18% are disks. We discuss trends in various properties as a function of merger stage and parametric morphology. Notably, mergers are associated with slower, dustier winds than those seen in undisturbed/unresolved hosts. Our results favor an evolutionary scenario in which quasar-level accretion during various merger stages is associated with the observed outflows in low-
z
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| subjects | Accretion disks Acquisitions & mergers Active galactic nuclei Active galaxies Astronomy & Astrophysics Astrophysics Broad-absorption line quasar Deposition Field cameras Galaxies Galaxy evolution Hubble Space Telescope Interacting galaxies Ionization Morphology Outflow Quasars Sky surveys (astronomy) Space telescopes Stars & galaxies Stellar populations Surface brightness Tidal interaction |
| title | The Nature of LoBAL QSOs. II. HST/WFC3 Observations Reveal Host Galaxies Dominated by Mergers |
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