Assessing hybrid vigour using the thermal sensitivity of physiological trade-offs in tiger salamanders

Hybridization between species affects biodiversity and population sustainability in numerous ways, many of which depend on the fitness of the hybrid relative to the parental species. Hybrids can exhibit fitter phenotypes compared to the parental lineages, and this ‘hybrid vigour’ can then lead to th...

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Veröffentlicht in:Functional ecology 2023-11, Vol.38 (1)
Hauptverfasser: Burger, Isabella J., Carter, Evin T., Magner, Lexie M., Muñoz, Martha M., Sears, Michael W., Fitzpatrick, Benjamin M., Riddell, Eric A.
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container_issue 1
container_start_page
container_title Functional ecology
container_volume 38
creator Burger, Isabella J.
Carter, Evin T.
Magner, Lexie M.
Muñoz, Martha M.
Sears, Michael W.
Fitzpatrick, Benjamin M.
Riddell, Eric A.
description Hybridization between species affects biodiversity and population sustainability in numerous ways, many of which depend on the fitness of the hybrid relative to the parental species. Hybrids can exhibit fitter phenotypes compared to the parental lineages, and this ‘hybrid vigour’ can then lead to the extinction of one or both parental lines. In this study, we analysed the relationship between water loss and gas exchange to compare physiological performance among three tiger salamander genotypes—the native California tiger salamander (CTS), the invasive barred tiger salamanders (BTS) and CTS × BTS hybrids across multiple temperatures (13.5°C, 20.5°C and 23.5°C). We developed a new index of performance, the water-gas exchange ratio (WGER), which we define as the ratio of gas exchange to evaporative water loss (μL VO2/μL H2O). The ratio describes the ability of an organism to support energetically costly activities with high levels of gas exchange while simultaneously limiting water loss to lower desiccation risk. We used flow through respirometry to measure the thermal sensitivity of metabolic rate and resistance to water loss of each salamander genotype to compare indices of physiological performance. We found that temperature had a significant effect on metabolic rate and resistance to water loss, with both traits increasing as temperatures warmed. Across genotypes, we found that hybrids have a higher WGER than the native CTS, owing to a higher metabolic rate despite having a lower resistance to water loss. These results provide a greater insight into the physiological mechanisms driving hybrid vigour and offer a potential explanation for the rapid spread of salamander hybrids. More broadly, our introduction of the WGER may allow for species- or lineage-wide comparisons of physiological performance across changing environmental conditions, highlighting the insight that can be gleaned from multitrait analysis of organism performance.
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subjects BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
gas exchange
genotype
hybridization
metabolism
respiration efficiency
salamander
trade-offs
water loss
title Assessing hybrid vigour using the thermal sensitivity of physiological trade-offs in tiger salamanders
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