The Evolution of Electrospray Generated Droplets is Not Affected by Ionization Mode
Ionization efficiency and mechanism in ESI is strongly affected by the properties of mobile phase. The use of mobile-phase properties to accurately describe droplets in ESI source is convenient but may be inadequate as the composition of the droplets is changing in the plume due to electrochemical r...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 2017-10, Vol.28 (10), p.2124-2131 |
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| creator | Liigand, Piia Heering (Suu), Agnes Kaupmees, Karl Leito, Ivo Girod, Marion Antoine, Rodolphe Kruve, Anneli |
| description | Ionization efficiency and mechanism in ESI is strongly affected by the properties of mobile phase. The use of mobile-phase properties to accurately describe droplets in ESI source is convenient but may be inadequate as the composition of the droplets is changing in the plume due to electrochemical reactions occurring in the needle tip as well as continuous drying and fission of droplets. Presently, there is paucity of research on the effect of the polarity of the ESI mode on mobile phase composition in the droplets. In this paper, the change in the organic solvent content, pH, and droplet size are studied in the ESI plume in both ESI+ and ESI– ionization mode. We introduce a rigorous way – the absolute pH (pH
abs
H
2
O
) – to describe pH change in the plume that takes into account organic solvent content in the mobile phase. pH
abs
H
2
O
enables comparing acidities of ESI droplets with different organic solvent contents. The results are surprisingly similar for both ionization modes, indicating that the dynamics of the change of mobile-phase properties is independent from the ESI mode used. This allows us to conclude that the evolution of ESI droplets first of all proceeds via the evaporation of the organic modifier and to a lesser extent via fission of smaller droplets from parent droplets. Secondly, our study shows that qualitative findings related to the ESI process obtained on the ESI+ mode can almost directly be applied also in the ESI– mode.
Graphical Abstract
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| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s13361-017-1737-5 |
| format | Article |
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abs
H
2
O
) – to describe pH change in the plume that takes into account organic solvent content in the mobile phase. pH
abs
H
2
O
enables comparing acidities of ESI droplets with different organic solvent contents. The results are surprisingly similar for both ionization modes, indicating that the dynamics of the change of mobile-phase properties is independent from the ESI mode used. This allows us to conclude that the evolution of ESI droplets first of all proceeds via the evaporation of the organic modifier and to a lesser extent via fission of smaller droplets from parent droplets. Secondly, our study shows that qualitative findings related to the ESI process obtained on the ESI+ mode can almost directly be applied also in the ESI– mode.
Graphical Abstract
ᅟ</description><identifier>ISSN: 1044-0305</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-1123</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1737-5</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28744770</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Analytical Chemistry ; Bioinformatics ; Biotechnology ; Chemical reactions ; Chemical Sciences ; Chemistry ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS ; Composition effects ; DROPLETS ; EFFICIENCY ; ELECTROCHEMISTRY ; EVAPORATION ; Evolution ; Fission ; INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ; IONIZATION ; Ions ; Mass spectrometry ; MASS SPECTROSCOPY ; Organic Chemistry ; PH VALUE ; Phase composition ; Phase transitions ; Polarity ; Properties (attributes) ; Proteomics ; Research Article ; Solvents</subject><ispartof>Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 2017-10, Vol.28 (10), p.2124-2131</ispartof><rights>American Society for Mass Spectrometry 2017</rights><rights>Journal of The American Society for Mass Spectrometry is a copyright of Springer, 2017.</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c477t-b38bdbeb8e9c6908abdb31a09b9f1a9d70b3f2e35f53413c7ce943c648f3e39b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c477t-b38bdbeb8e9c6908abdb31a09b9f1a9d70b3f2e35f53413c7ce943c648f3e39b3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3000-4964 ; 0000-0001-5682-8550</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13361-017-1737-5$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s13361-017-1737-5$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28744770$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-01598111$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/22776854$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Liigand, Piia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heering (Suu), Agnes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaupmees, Karl</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leito, Ivo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Girod, Marion</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Antoine, Rodolphe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kruve, Anneli</creatorcontrib><title>The Evolution of Electrospray Generated Droplets is Not Affected by Ionization Mode</title><title>Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry</title><addtitle>J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom</addtitle><addtitle>J Am Soc Mass Spectrom</addtitle><description>Ionization efficiency and mechanism in ESI is strongly affected by the properties of mobile phase. The use of mobile-phase properties to accurately describe droplets in ESI source is convenient but may be inadequate as the composition of the droplets is changing in the plume due to electrochemical reactions occurring in the needle tip as well as continuous drying and fission of droplets. Presently, there is paucity of research on the effect of the polarity of the ESI mode on mobile phase composition in the droplets. In this paper, the change in the organic solvent content, pH, and droplet size are studied in the ESI plume in both ESI+ and ESI– ionization mode. We introduce a rigorous way – the absolute pH (pH
abs
H
2
O
) – to describe pH change in the plume that takes into account organic solvent content in the mobile phase. pH
abs
H
2
O
enables comparing acidities of ESI droplets with different organic solvent contents. The results are surprisingly similar for both ionization modes, indicating that the dynamics of the change of mobile-phase properties is independent from the ESI mode used. This allows us to conclude that the evolution of ESI droplets first of all proceeds via the evaporation of the organic modifier and to a lesser extent via fission of smaller droplets from parent droplets. Secondly, our study shows that qualitative findings related to the ESI process obtained on the ESI+ mode can almost directly be applied also in the ESI– mode.
Graphical Abstract
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Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom</stitle><addtitle>J Am Soc Mass Spectrom</addtitle><date>2017-10-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>28</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>2124</spage><epage>2131</epage><pages>2124-2131</pages><issn>1044-0305</issn><eissn>1879-1123</eissn><abstract>Ionization efficiency and mechanism in ESI is strongly affected by the properties of mobile phase. The use of mobile-phase properties to accurately describe droplets in ESI source is convenient but may be inadequate as the composition of the droplets is changing in the plume due to electrochemical reactions occurring in the needle tip as well as continuous drying and fission of droplets. Presently, there is paucity of research on the effect of the polarity of the ESI mode on mobile phase composition in the droplets. In this paper, the change in the organic solvent content, pH, and droplet size are studied in the ESI plume in both ESI+ and ESI– ionization mode. We introduce a rigorous way – the absolute pH (pH
abs
H
2
O
) – to describe pH change in the plume that takes into account organic solvent content in the mobile phase. pH
abs
H
2
O
enables comparing acidities of ESI droplets with different organic solvent contents. The results are surprisingly similar for both ionization modes, indicating that the dynamics of the change of mobile-phase properties is independent from the ESI mode used. This allows us to conclude that the evolution of ESI droplets first of all proceeds via the evaporation of the organic modifier and to a lesser extent via fission of smaller droplets from parent droplets. Secondly, our study shows that qualitative findings related to the ESI process obtained on the ESI+ mode can almost directly be applied also in the ESI– mode.
Graphical Abstract
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| subjects | Analytical Chemistry Bioinformatics Biotechnology Chemical reactions Chemical Sciences Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS Composition effects DROPLETS EFFICIENCY ELECTROCHEMISTRY EVAPORATION Evolution Fission INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IONIZATION Ions Mass spectrometry MASS SPECTROSCOPY Organic Chemistry PH VALUE Phase composition Phase transitions Polarity Properties (attributes) Proteomics Research Article Solvents |
| title | The Evolution of Electrospray Generated Droplets is Not Affected by Ionization Mode |
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