Nitrogen-modified nano-titania: True phase composition, microstructure and visible-light induced photocatalytic NO abatement
Titanium dioxide (TiO{sub 2}) is a popular photocatalyst used for many environmental and anti-pollution applications, but it normally operates under UV light, exploiting ∼5% of the solar spectrum. Nitrification of titania to form N-doped TiO{sub 2} has been explored as a way to increase its photocat...
Gespeichert in:
Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of solid state chemistry 2015-11, Vol.231, p.87-100 |
---|---|
Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
container_end_page | 100 |
---|---|
container_issue | |
container_start_page | 87 |
container_title | Journal of solid state chemistry |
container_volume | 231 |
creator | Tobaldi, D.M. Pullar, R.C. Gualtieri, A.F. Otero-Irurueta, G. Singh, M.K. Seabra, M.P. Labrincha, J.A. |
description | Titanium dioxide (TiO{sub 2}) is a popular photocatalyst used for many environmental and anti-pollution applications, but it normally operates under UV light, exploiting ∼5% of the solar spectrum. Nitrification of titania to form N-doped TiO{sub 2} has been explored as a way to increase its photocatalytic activity under visible light, and anionic doping is a promising method to enable TiO{sub 2} to harvest visible-light by changing its photo-absorption properties. In this paper, we explore the insertion of nitrogen into the TiO{sub 2} lattice using our green sol–gel nanosynthesis method, used to create 10 nm TiO{sub 2} NPs. Two parallel routes were studied to produce nitrogen-modified TiO{sub 2} nanoparticles (NPs), using HNO{sub 3}+NH{sub 3} (acid-precipitated base-peptised) and NH{sub 4}OH (totally base catalysed) as nitrogen sources. These NPs were thermally treated between 450 and 800 °C. Their true phase composition (crystalline and amorphous phases), as well as their micro-/nanostructure (crystalline domain shape, size and size distribution, edge and screw dislocation density) was fully characterised through advanced X-ray methods (Rietveld-reference intensity ratio, RIR, and whole powder pattern modelling, WPPM). As pollutants, nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}) are of particular concern for human health, so the photocatalytic activity of the NPs was assessed by monitoring NO{sub x} abatement, using both solar and white-light (indoor artificial lighting), simulating outdoor and indoor environments, respectively. Results showed that the onset of the anatase-to-rutile phase transformation (ART) occurred at temperatures above 450 °C, and NPs heated to 450 °C possessed excellent photocatalytic activity (PCA) under visible white-light (indoor artificial lighting), with a PCA double than that of the standard P25 TiO{sub 2} NPs. However, higher thermal treatment temperatures were found to be detrimental for visible-light photocatalytic activity, due to the effects of four simultaneous occurrences: (i) loss of OH groups and water adsorbed on the photocatalyst surface; (ii) growth of crystalline domain sizes with decrease in specific surface area; (iii) onset and progress of the ART; (iv) the increasing instability of the nitrogen in the titania lattice. - Graphical abstract: Nitrogen modified TiO{sub 2} synthesised via a green aqueous sol–gel method showed to degrade nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}) under visible white-light (indoor artificial lighting), with a photoca |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jssc.2015.08.008 |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>crossref_osti_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_osti_scitechconnect_22573932</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>10_1016_j_jssc_2015_08_008</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c1648-db321ae57193e62e985de66265801756502b16f982af6ebfa10454512fc29b7f3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNotkM1KxDAYRYMoOI6-gKuAW1uTtElbdzL4B8PMZgR3IU2_TlPapDSpMODD2zKu7uZwufcgdE9JTAkVT23ceq9jRiiPSR4Tkl-gFSUFjzImvi_RihDGopQX4hrdeN8SQinP0xX63ZkwuiPYqHeVqQ1U2CrromCCskY948M4AR4a5QFr1w_Om2CcfcS90aPzYZx0mEbAylb4x3hTdhB15tgEbGw16bluaFxwWgXVnYLReLfHqlQBerDhFl3VqvNw959r9PX2eth8RNv9--fmZRtpKtI8qsqEUQU8o0UCgkGR8wqEYILnhGZccMJKKuoiZ6oWUNaKkpSnnLJas6LM6mSNHs6982AjvTYBdKOdtaCDZIxnSZGwmWJnajnmR6jlMJpejSdJiVwsy1YuluViWZJczpaTP-8Zc5c</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype></control><display><type>article</type><title>Nitrogen-modified nano-titania: True phase composition, microstructure and visible-light induced photocatalytic NO abatement</title><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals</source><creator>Tobaldi, D.M. ; Pullar, R.C. ; Gualtieri, A.F. ; Otero-Irurueta, G. ; Singh, M.K. ; Seabra, M.P. ; Labrincha, J.A.</creator><creatorcontrib>Tobaldi, D.M. ; Pullar, R.C. ; Gualtieri, A.F. ; Otero-Irurueta, G. ; Singh, M.K. ; Seabra, M.P. ; Labrincha, J.A.</creatorcontrib><description>Titanium dioxide (TiO{sub 2}) is a popular photocatalyst used for many environmental and anti-pollution applications, but it normally operates under UV light, exploiting ∼5% of the solar spectrum. Nitrification of titania to form N-doped TiO{sub 2} has been explored as a way to increase its photocatalytic activity under visible light, and anionic doping is a promising method to enable TiO{sub 2} to harvest visible-light by changing its photo-absorption properties. In this paper, we explore the insertion of nitrogen into the TiO{sub 2} lattice using our green sol–gel nanosynthesis method, used to create 10 nm TiO{sub 2} NPs. Two parallel routes were studied to produce nitrogen-modified TiO{sub 2} nanoparticles (NPs), using HNO{sub 3}+NH{sub 3} (acid-precipitated base-peptised) and NH{sub 4}OH (totally base catalysed) as nitrogen sources. These NPs were thermally treated between 450 and 800 °C. Their true phase composition (crystalline and amorphous phases), as well as their micro-/nanostructure (crystalline domain shape, size and size distribution, edge and screw dislocation density) was fully characterised through advanced X-ray methods (Rietveld-reference intensity ratio, RIR, and whole powder pattern modelling, WPPM). As pollutants, nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}) are of particular concern for human health, so the photocatalytic activity of the NPs was assessed by monitoring NO{sub x} abatement, using both solar and white-light (indoor artificial lighting), simulating outdoor and indoor environments, respectively. Results showed that the onset of the anatase-to-rutile phase transformation (ART) occurred at temperatures above 450 °C, and NPs heated to 450 °C possessed excellent photocatalytic activity (PCA) under visible white-light (indoor artificial lighting), with a PCA double than that of the standard P25 TiO{sub 2} NPs. However, higher thermal treatment temperatures were found to be detrimental for visible-light photocatalytic activity, due to the effects of four simultaneous occurrences: (i) loss of OH groups and water adsorbed on the photocatalyst surface; (ii) growth of crystalline domain sizes with decrease in specific surface area; (iii) onset and progress of the ART; (iv) the increasing instability of the nitrogen in the titania lattice. - Graphical abstract: Nitrogen modified TiO{sub 2} synthesised via a green aqueous sol–gel method showed to degrade nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}) under visible white-light (indoor artificial lighting), with a photocatalytic activity double than that of the standard P25 TiO{sub 2} NPs. - Highlights: • N–TiO{sub 2} synthesised via a green aqueous sol–gel method. • Advanced X-ray methods used to detect both crystalline and amorphous contents. • Microstructure fully addressed via XRPD and whole powder pattern modelling. • Photocatalytic NO{sub x} removal assessed using both solar and visible-light lamps.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-4596</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-726X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2015.08.008</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States</publisher><subject>AMMONIUM HYDROXIDES ; CRYSTALS ; DOPED MATERIALS ; HEAT TREATMENTS ; INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY ; MATERIALS SCIENCE ; MICROSTRUCTURE ; NANOPARTICLES ; NANOSTRUCTURES ; NITROGEN ; NITROGEN OXIDES ; PHOTOCATALYSIS ; POWDERS ; PRECIPITATION ; RUTILE ; SIMULATION ; SOL-GEL PROCESS ; SOLS ; SYNTHESIS ; TITANIUM ; TITANIUM OXIDES ; X RADIATION</subject><ispartof>Journal of solid state chemistry, 2015-11, Vol.231, p.87-100</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c1648-db321ae57193e62e985de66265801756502b16f982af6ebfa10454512fc29b7f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c1648-db321ae57193e62e985de66265801756502b16f982af6ebfa10454512fc29b7f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27903,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/22573932$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tobaldi, D.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pullar, R.C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gualtieri, A.F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Otero-Irurueta, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Singh, M.K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seabra, M.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Labrincha, J.A.</creatorcontrib><title>Nitrogen-modified nano-titania: True phase composition, microstructure and visible-light induced photocatalytic NO abatement</title><title>Journal of solid state chemistry</title><description>Titanium dioxide (TiO{sub 2}) is a popular photocatalyst used for many environmental and anti-pollution applications, but it normally operates under UV light, exploiting ∼5% of the solar spectrum. Nitrification of titania to form N-doped TiO{sub 2} has been explored as a way to increase its photocatalytic activity under visible light, and anionic doping is a promising method to enable TiO{sub 2} to harvest visible-light by changing its photo-absorption properties. In this paper, we explore the insertion of nitrogen into the TiO{sub 2} lattice using our green sol–gel nanosynthesis method, used to create 10 nm TiO{sub 2} NPs. Two parallel routes were studied to produce nitrogen-modified TiO{sub 2} nanoparticles (NPs), using HNO{sub 3}+NH{sub 3} (acid-precipitated base-peptised) and NH{sub 4}OH (totally base catalysed) as nitrogen sources. These NPs were thermally treated between 450 and 800 °C. Their true phase composition (crystalline and amorphous phases), as well as their micro-/nanostructure (crystalline domain shape, size and size distribution, edge and screw dislocation density) was fully characterised through advanced X-ray methods (Rietveld-reference intensity ratio, RIR, and whole powder pattern modelling, WPPM). As pollutants, nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}) are of particular concern for human health, so the photocatalytic activity of the NPs was assessed by monitoring NO{sub x} abatement, using both solar and white-light (indoor artificial lighting), simulating outdoor and indoor environments, respectively. Results showed that the onset of the anatase-to-rutile phase transformation (ART) occurred at temperatures above 450 °C, and NPs heated to 450 °C possessed excellent photocatalytic activity (PCA) under visible white-light (indoor artificial lighting), with a PCA double than that of the standard P25 TiO{sub 2} NPs. However, higher thermal treatment temperatures were found to be detrimental for visible-light photocatalytic activity, due to the effects of four simultaneous occurrences: (i) loss of OH groups and water adsorbed on the photocatalyst surface; (ii) growth of crystalline domain sizes with decrease in specific surface area; (iii) onset and progress of the ART; (iv) the increasing instability of the nitrogen in the titania lattice. - Graphical abstract: Nitrogen modified TiO{sub 2} synthesised via a green aqueous sol–gel method showed to degrade nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}) under visible white-light (indoor artificial lighting), with a photocatalytic activity double than that of the standard P25 TiO{sub 2} NPs. - Highlights: • N–TiO{sub 2} synthesised via a green aqueous sol–gel method. • Advanced X-ray methods used to detect both crystalline and amorphous contents. • Microstructure fully addressed via XRPD and whole powder pattern modelling. • Photocatalytic NO{sub x} removal assessed using both solar and visible-light lamps.</description><subject>AMMONIUM HYDROXIDES</subject><subject>CRYSTALS</subject><subject>DOPED MATERIALS</subject><subject>HEAT TREATMENTS</subject><subject>INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY</subject><subject>MATERIALS SCIENCE</subject><subject>MICROSTRUCTURE</subject><subject>NANOPARTICLES</subject><subject>NANOSTRUCTURES</subject><subject>NITROGEN</subject><subject>NITROGEN OXIDES</subject><subject>PHOTOCATALYSIS</subject><subject>POWDERS</subject><subject>PRECIPITATION</subject><subject>RUTILE</subject><subject>SIMULATION</subject><subject>SOL-GEL PROCESS</subject><subject>SOLS</subject><subject>SYNTHESIS</subject><subject>TITANIUM</subject><subject>TITANIUM OXIDES</subject><subject>X RADIATION</subject><issn>0022-4596</issn><issn>1095-726X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNotkM1KxDAYRYMoOI6-gKuAW1uTtElbdzL4B8PMZgR3IU2_TlPapDSpMODD2zKu7uZwufcgdE9JTAkVT23ceq9jRiiPSR4Tkl-gFSUFjzImvi_RihDGopQX4hrdeN8SQinP0xX63ZkwuiPYqHeVqQ1U2CrromCCskY948M4AR4a5QFr1w_Om2CcfcS90aPzYZx0mEbAylb4x3hTdhB15tgEbGw16bluaFxwWgXVnYLReLfHqlQBerDhFl3VqvNw959r9PX2eth8RNv9--fmZRtpKtI8qsqEUQU8o0UCgkGR8wqEYILnhGZccMJKKuoiZ6oWUNaKkpSnnLJas6LM6mSNHs6982AjvTYBdKOdtaCDZIxnSZGwmWJnajnmR6jlMJpejSdJiVwsy1YuluViWZJczpaTP-8Zc5c</recordid><startdate>20151115</startdate><enddate>20151115</enddate><creator>Tobaldi, D.M.</creator><creator>Pullar, R.C.</creator><creator>Gualtieri, A.F.</creator><creator>Otero-Irurueta, G.</creator><creator>Singh, M.K.</creator><creator>Seabra, M.P.</creator><creator>Labrincha, J.A.</creator><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20151115</creationdate><title>Nitrogen-modified nano-titania: True phase composition, microstructure and visible-light induced photocatalytic NO abatement</title><author>Tobaldi, D.M. ; Pullar, R.C. ; Gualtieri, A.F. ; Otero-Irurueta, G. ; Singh, M.K. ; Seabra, M.P. ; Labrincha, J.A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c1648-db321ae57193e62e985de66265801756502b16f982af6ebfa10454512fc29b7f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>AMMONIUM HYDROXIDES</topic><topic>CRYSTALS</topic><topic>DOPED MATERIALS</topic><topic>HEAT TREATMENTS</topic><topic>INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY</topic><topic>MATERIALS SCIENCE</topic><topic>MICROSTRUCTURE</topic><topic>NANOPARTICLES</topic><topic>NANOSTRUCTURES</topic><topic>NITROGEN</topic><topic>NITROGEN OXIDES</topic><topic>PHOTOCATALYSIS</topic><topic>POWDERS</topic><topic>PRECIPITATION</topic><topic>RUTILE</topic><topic>SIMULATION</topic><topic>SOL-GEL PROCESS</topic><topic>SOLS</topic><topic>SYNTHESIS</topic><topic>TITANIUM</topic><topic>TITANIUM OXIDES</topic><topic>X RADIATION</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tobaldi, D.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pullar, R.C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gualtieri, A.F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Otero-Irurueta, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Singh, M.K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seabra, M.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Labrincha, J.A.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Journal of solid state chemistry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tobaldi, D.M.</au><au>Pullar, R.C.</au><au>Gualtieri, A.F.</au><au>Otero-Irurueta, G.</au><au>Singh, M.K.</au><au>Seabra, M.P.</au><au>Labrincha, J.A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Nitrogen-modified nano-titania: True phase composition, microstructure and visible-light induced photocatalytic NO abatement</atitle><jtitle>Journal of solid state chemistry</jtitle><date>2015-11-15</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>231</volume><spage>87</spage><epage>100</epage><pages>87-100</pages><issn>0022-4596</issn><eissn>1095-726X</eissn><abstract>Titanium dioxide (TiO{sub 2}) is a popular photocatalyst used for many environmental and anti-pollution applications, but it normally operates under UV light, exploiting ∼5% of the solar spectrum. Nitrification of titania to form N-doped TiO{sub 2} has been explored as a way to increase its photocatalytic activity under visible light, and anionic doping is a promising method to enable TiO{sub 2} to harvest visible-light by changing its photo-absorption properties. In this paper, we explore the insertion of nitrogen into the TiO{sub 2} lattice using our green sol–gel nanosynthesis method, used to create 10 nm TiO{sub 2} NPs. Two parallel routes were studied to produce nitrogen-modified TiO{sub 2} nanoparticles (NPs), using HNO{sub 3}+NH{sub 3} (acid-precipitated base-peptised) and NH{sub 4}OH (totally base catalysed) as nitrogen sources. These NPs were thermally treated between 450 and 800 °C. Their true phase composition (crystalline and amorphous phases), as well as their micro-/nanostructure (crystalline domain shape, size and size distribution, edge and screw dislocation density) was fully characterised through advanced X-ray methods (Rietveld-reference intensity ratio, RIR, and whole powder pattern modelling, WPPM). As pollutants, nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}) are of particular concern for human health, so the photocatalytic activity of the NPs was assessed by monitoring NO{sub x} abatement, using both solar and white-light (indoor artificial lighting), simulating outdoor and indoor environments, respectively. Results showed that the onset of the anatase-to-rutile phase transformation (ART) occurred at temperatures above 450 °C, and NPs heated to 450 °C possessed excellent photocatalytic activity (PCA) under visible white-light (indoor artificial lighting), with a PCA double than that of the standard P25 TiO{sub 2} NPs. However, higher thermal treatment temperatures were found to be detrimental for visible-light photocatalytic activity, due to the effects of four simultaneous occurrences: (i) loss of OH groups and water adsorbed on the photocatalyst surface; (ii) growth of crystalline domain sizes with decrease in specific surface area; (iii) onset and progress of the ART; (iv) the increasing instability of the nitrogen in the titania lattice. - Graphical abstract: Nitrogen modified TiO{sub 2} synthesised via a green aqueous sol–gel method showed to degrade nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}) under visible white-light (indoor artificial lighting), with a photocatalytic activity double than that of the standard P25 TiO{sub 2} NPs. - Highlights: • N–TiO{sub 2} synthesised via a green aqueous sol–gel method. • Advanced X-ray methods used to detect both crystalline and amorphous contents. • Microstructure fully addressed via XRPD and whole powder pattern modelling. • Photocatalytic NO{sub x} removal assessed using both solar and visible-light lamps.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><doi>10.1016/j.jssc.2015.08.008</doi><tpages>14</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 0022-4596 |
ispartof | Journal of solid state chemistry, 2015-11, Vol.231, p.87-100 |
issn | 0022-4596 1095-726X |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_osti_scitechconnect_22573932 |
source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
subjects | AMMONIUM HYDROXIDES CRYSTALS DOPED MATERIALS HEAT TREATMENTS INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY MATERIALS SCIENCE MICROSTRUCTURE NANOPARTICLES NANOSTRUCTURES NITROGEN NITROGEN OXIDES PHOTOCATALYSIS POWDERS PRECIPITATION RUTILE SIMULATION SOL-GEL PROCESS SOLS SYNTHESIS TITANIUM TITANIUM OXIDES X RADIATION |
title | Nitrogen-modified nano-titania: True phase composition, microstructure and visible-light induced photocatalytic NO abatement |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-26T13%3A18%3A25IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-crossref_osti_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Nitrogen-modified%20nano-titania:%20True%20phase%20composition,%20microstructure%20and%20visible-light%20induced%20photocatalytic%20NO%20abatement&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20solid%20state%20chemistry&rft.au=Tobaldi,%20D.M.&rft.date=2015-11-15&rft.volume=231&rft.spage=87&rft.epage=100&rft.pages=87-100&rft.issn=0022-4596&rft.eissn=1095-726X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.jssc.2015.08.008&rft_dat=%3Ccrossref_osti_%3E10_1016_j_jssc_2015_08_008%3C/crossref_osti_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true |