Properties of a weakly ionized NO gas sensor based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes
Nitric oxide NO is one of the major targets for environmental monitoring, but the existing NO sensors are limited by their low sensitivity and narrow test range. Here, a NO gas sensor employing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was fabricated, and its properties in NO–N2 mixture were investigate...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Applied physics letters 2015-08, Vol.107 (9) |
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| container_title | Applied physics letters |
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| creator | Zhang, Jingyuan Zhang, Yong Pan, Zhigang Yang, Shuang Shi, Jinghui Li, Shengtao Min, Daomin Li, Xin Wang, Xiaohua Liu, Dingxin Yang, Aijun |
| description | Nitric oxide NO is one of the major targets for environmental monitoring, but the existing NO sensors are limited by their low sensitivity and narrow test range. Here, a NO gas sensor employing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was fabricated, and its properties in NO–N2 mixture were investigated from both emission and ionization. The current Ie passing through the nanotubes cathode was found to decrease with increasing NO concentration and increase linearly in different slopes with the extracting voltage Ue. It is shown that the Schottky barrier of the MWCNTs calculated by Ie increased with NO concentration due to the adsorption of NO gas, which restrained the electron emission and consequently weakened the ionization. The positive ion currents Ic passing through the collecting electrode at different voltages of Ue were found to monotonically decrease with increasing NO concentration, which was induced by both of the reduced electron emission and the consumption of the two excited metastable states N2(A3∑u+) and N2(a′1∑u−) by NO. The sensor exhibited high sensitivity at the low temperature of 30 °C. The calculated conductivity was found to be able to take place of Ic for NO detection in a wide voltage range of 80–150 V Ue. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1063/1.4930020 |
| format | Article |
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Here, a NO gas sensor employing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was fabricated, and its properties in NO–N2 mixture were investigated from both emission and ionization. The current Ie passing through the nanotubes cathode was found to decrease with increasing NO concentration and increase linearly in different slopes with the extracting voltage Ue. It is shown that the Schottky barrier of the MWCNTs calculated by Ie increased with NO concentration due to the adsorption of NO gas, which restrained the electron emission and consequently weakened the ionization. The positive ion currents Ic passing through the collecting electrode at different voltages of Ue were found to monotonically decrease with increasing NO concentration, which was induced by both of the reduced electron emission and the consumption of the two excited metastable states N2(A3∑u+) and N2(a′1∑u−) by NO. The sensor exhibited high sensitivity at the low temperature of 30 °C. The calculated conductivity was found to be able to take place of Ic for NO detection in a wide voltage range of 80–150 V Ue.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-6951</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1077-3118</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1063/1.4930020</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Melville: American Institute of Physics</publisher><subject>ABUNDANCE ; Applied physics ; CARBON NANOTUBES ; CATHODES ; CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS ; DIFFUSION BARRIERS ; ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ; ELECTRON EMISSION ; Emission analysis ; Emissions control ; Environmental monitoring ; Gas sensors ; INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY ; Ion currents ; Ionization ; Mathematical analysis ; Metastable state ; METASTABLE STATES ; Multi wall carbon nanotubes ; Nanotubes ; NITRIC OXIDE ; Positive ions ; SENSITIVITY ; SENSORS ; TEMPERATURE RANGE 0273-0400 K</subject><ispartof>Applied physics letters, 2015-08, Vol.107 (9)</ispartof><rights>2015 AIP Publishing LLC.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c320t-b3f32793a5692bd679000f484fbbe5ce96565892ff6981a81b66e81d136d542c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c320t-b3f32793a5692bd679000f484fbbe5ce96565892ff6981a81b66e81d136d542c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4067-1389 ; 0000-0002-6410-2319</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,778,782,883,27907,27908</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/22489208$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Jingyuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pan, Zhigang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Shuang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shi, Jinghui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Shengtao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Min, Daomin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Xiaohua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Dingxin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Aijun</creatorcontrib><title>Properties of a weakly ionized NO gas sensor based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes</title><title>Applied physics letters</title><description>Nitric oxide NO is one of the major targets for environmental monitoring, but the existing NO sensors are limited by their low sensitivity and narrow test range. Here, a NO gas sensor employing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was fabricated, and its properties in NO–N2 mixture were investigated from both emission and ionization. The current Ie passing through the nanotubes cathode was found to decrease with increasing NO concentration and increase linearly in different slopes with the extracting voltage Ue. It is shown that the Schottky barrier of the MWCNTs calculated by Ie increased with NO concentration due to the adsorption of NO gas, which restrained the electron emission and consequently weakened the ionization. The positive ion currents Ic passing through the collecting electrode at different voltages of Ue were found to monotonically decrease with increasing NO concentration, which was induced by both of the reduced electron emission and the consumption of the two excited metastable states N2(A3∑u+) and N2(a′1∑u−) by NO. The sensor exhibited high sensitivity at the low temperature of 30 °C. The calculated conductivity was found to be able to take place of Ic for NO detection in a wide voltage range of 80–150 V Ue.</description><subject>ABUNDANCE</subject><subject>Applied physics</subject><subject>CARBON NANOTUBES</subject><subject>CATHODES</subject><subject>CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS</subject><subject>DIFFUSION BARRIERS</subject><subject>ELECTRIC POTENTIAL</subject><subject>ELECTRON EMISSION</subject><subject>Emission analysis</subject><subject>Emissions control</subject><subject>Environmental monitoring</subject><subject>Gas sensors</subject><subject>INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY</subject><subject>Ion currents</subject><subject>Ionization</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Metastable state</subject><subject>METASTABLE STATES</subject><subject>Multi wall carbon nanotubes</subject><subject>Nanotubes</subject><subject>NITRIC OXIDE</subject><subject>Positive ions</subject><subject>SENSITIVITY</subject><subject>SENSORS</subject><subject>TEMPERATURE RANGE 0273-0400 K</subject><issn>0003-6951</issn><issn>1077-3118</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpFkE1LAzEYhIMoWKsH_0HAk4et-dhkN0cpfkGxgnoOSTbRrdukJllK_fVGWvD0MsPMy_AAcInRDCNOb_CsFhQhgo7ABKOmqSjG7TGYIIRoxQXDp-AspVWRjFA6Aa8vMWxszL1NMDio4Naqr2EH--D7H9vB5yX8UAkm61OIUKtUvODhehxyX23VMBRtVNTF88qHPGqbzsGJU0OyF4c7Be_3d2_zx2qxfHia3y4qQwnKlaaOkkZQxbgguuONKKtc3dZOa8uMFZxx1griHBctVi3WnNsWd5jyjtXE0Cm42v8NKfcymT5b82mC99ZkSUhduqj9T21i-B5tynIVxujLMEkwqZFoeEExBdf7lIkhpWid3MR-reJOYiT_yEosD2TpLyeTaH0</recordid><startdate>20150831</startdate><enddate>20150831</enddate><creator>Zhang, Jingyuan</creator><creator>Zhang, Yong</creator><creator>Pan, Zhigang</creator><creator>Yang, Shuang</creator><creator>Shi, Jinghui</creator><creator>Li, Shengtao</creator><creator>Min, Daomin</creator><creator>Li, Xin</creator><creator>Wang, Xiaohua</creator><creator>Liu, Dingxin</creator><creator>Yang, Aijun</creator><general>American Institute of Physics</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4067-1389</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6410-2319</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20150831</creationdate><title>Properties of a weakly ionized NO gas sensor based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes</title><author>Zhang, Jingyuan ; 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Here, a NO gas sensor employing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was fabricated, and its properties in NO–N2 mixture were investigated from both emission and ionization. The current Ie passing through the nanotubes cathode was found to decrease with increasing NO concentration and increase linearly in different slopes with the extracting voltage Ue. It is shown that the Schottky barrier of the MWCNTs calculated by Ie increased with NO concentration due to the adsorption of NO gas, which restrained the electron emission and consequently weakened the ionization. The positive ion currents Ic passing through the collecting electrode at different voltages of Ue were found to monotonically decrease with increasing NO concentration, which was induced by both of the reduced electron emission and the consumption of the two excited metastable states N2(A3∑u+) and N2(a′1∑u−) by NO. The sensor exhibited high sensitivity at the low temperature of 30 °C. The calculated conductivity was found to be able to take place of Ic for NO detection in a wide voltage range of 80–150 V Ue.</abstract><cop>Melville</cop><pub>American Institute of Physics</pub><doi>10.1063/1.4930020</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4067-1389</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6410-2319</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | ABUNDANCE Applied physics CARBON NANOTUBES CATHODES CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS DIFFUSION BARRIERS ELECTRIC POTENTIAL ELECTRON EMISSION Emission analysis Emissions control Environmental monitoring Gas sensors INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY Ion currents Ionization Mathematical analysis Metastable state METASTABLE STATES Multi wall carbon nanotubes Nanotubes NITRIC OXIDE Positive ions SENSITIVITY SENSORS TEMPERATURE RANGE 0273-0400 K |
| title | Properties of a weakly ionized NO gas sensor based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes |
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